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6,771 results for “freshwater”
FIGURE 2 in A new species of semi-terrestrial freshwater crab (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from the Central Highlands of Vietnam
FIGURE 2. Rathbunamon chumomrayense sp. nov., holotype, male (CW 23.0 mm), IEBR-FC KCx 01. A, carapace, dorsal view; B, frontal view; C, ventral view; D, sternoabdominal cavity showing G 1 s and G 2 s.
FIGURE 3 in Sexual dimorphism in a freshwater atyid shrimp (Decapoda: Caridea) with direct development: a geometric morphometrics approach
FIGURE 3. Relative deformations grids illustrating the variation in the mean shape of the carapace for (a) females and (b) males.
FIGURE 2 in Sexual dimorphism in a freshwater atyid shrimp (Decapoda: Caridea) with direct development: a geometric morphometrics approach
FIGURE 2. Scatter plot of first versus second principal component axes for the total variation of the carapace shape for females, juvenile females and males of Neocaridina davidi.
Fig. 4. A–E. Uronemita filificum Kahl, 1931. F–I. Uronema marinum Dujardin, 1841. J–N. Pleuronema setigerum Calkins, 1902. A–C, F–H, J–L in Seven scuticociliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Alabama, USA, with descriptions of two parasitic species isolated from a freshwater mussel Potamilus purpuratus
Fig. 4. A–E. Uronemita filificum Kahl, 1931. F–I. Uronema marinum Dujardin, 1841. J–N. Pleuronema setigerum Calkins, 1902. A–C, F–H, J–L. In vivo. D–E, M–N. After silver impregnation. A, F, J. Ventral views of typical individuals. B–C, G–H, K–L. Different individuals, showing variation in body shape, arrow in (B) shows the conspicuous apical plate, arrows in (C, H) mark contractile vacuoles. D, I, M–N. Detailed structures of buccal area, arrow in (M) indicates the ring-like posterior end of M2a, arrowheads in (M) mark preoral kineties. E. Ventral view, arrowheads show somatic kineties. Abbreviations: M1, 2, 3 = membranelle 1, 2 and 3; M2a = the anterior part of membranelle 2; M2b = the posterior part of membranelle 2; Ma = macronucleus; PM = paroral membrane. Scale bars: A–B = 20 μm; F, H, N = 10 μm; G = 5 μm, J–L = 30 μm.
Fig. 3. A–D in Seven scuticociliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Alabama, USA, with descriptions of two parasitic species isolated from a freshwater mussel Potamilus purpuratus
Fig. 3. A–D. Pseudocohnilembus hargisi Evans & Thompson, 1964. E–J. Parauronema cf. longum Song, 1995. A–C, E–I. In vivo. D, J. After silver impregnation. A, E. Ventral views of typical individuals, arrow in (A) shows caudal cilia. B–C, F–G. Different individuals, showing varying body shapes, arrowheads in (F) mark somatic kineties. D, J. Detailed structure of the buccal area. H. Ventral view, arrow refers to dumbbell-shaped crystals. I. Posterior end, arrow marks caudal cilium. Abbreviations: M1, 2, 3 = membranelle 1, 2 and 3; PM = paroral membrane; Sc = scutica. Scale bars: A–B = 15 μm; C, E = 40 μm; G = 60 μm.
Fig. 5. All reported populations for the following species. A. Uronema marinum Dujardin, 1841. B in Seven scuticociliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Alabama, USA, with descriptions of two parasitic species isolated from a freshwater mussel Potamilus purpuratus
Fig. 5. All reported populations for the following species. A. Uronema marinum Dujardin, 1841. B. Pseudocohnilembus hargisi Evans & Thompson, 1964. C. Metanophrys similis Song et al., 2002. D. Pleuronema setigerum Calkins, 1902. E. Uronemita filificum Kahl, 1931.
Fig. 2. A–D in Seven scuticociliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Alabama, USA, with descriptions of two parasitic species isolated from a freshwater mussel Potamilus purpuratus
Fig. 2. A–D. Mesanophrys cf. carcini Small & Lynn in Aescht, 2001. E–G. Metanophrys similis Song et al., 2002. A–C, E–F. In vivo. D, G. After silver impregnation. A, E. Ventral views of typical individuals, arrow in (E) shows caudal cilia. B, F. Different individuals, showing different body shapes. C. Individual in morphogenesis. D, G. Detailed structure of the buccal area. Abbreviations: M1, 2, 3 = membranelle 1, 2 and 3; Ma = macronucleus; PM = paroral membrane. Scale bars: 30 μm.
Fig. 1. Sampling map. A in Seven scuticociliates (Protozoa, Ciliophora) from Alabama, USA, with descriptions of two parasitic species isolated from a freshwater mussel Potamilus purpuratus
Fig. 1. Sampling map. A. Chewacla Creek, Auburn, Alabama (32º36′56″ N, 85º28ʹ58″ E). B. Orange Beach, Alabama (30º16′44″ N, 87º33′35″ E).
Climate-associated variation in the drivers of benthic macroinvertebrate species-area relationships across shallow freshwater lakes
<p><span>The island species-area relationship (ISAR) describes how species richness increases with increasing area of a given island or island-like habitat, such as freshwater lakes. </span><span>While the ISAR is one of the most common phenomena observed in ecology, there is variation in both the form of the relationship and its underlying mechanisms.</span></p> <p><span>We compiled a global dataset of benthic macroinvertebrates from 524 shallow freshwater lakes, ranging from 1 to 293300 ha in area. We used individual-based rarefaction to determine the degree to which ISAR was influenced by mechanisms other than passive sampling (larger islands passively sample more individuals from the regional pool and, therefore, have more species than smaller islands), which would bias results away from expected relationships between rarefied species richness (and other measures that capture relative abundances) and lake area. We also examined how climate may alter the shape of the ISARs. </span></p> <p><span>We found that both rarefied species richness (the number of species standardized by area or number of individuals) and a measure of evenness emphasizing common species exhibit non-significant relationships with lake area, suggesting that the expected ISARs in these lakes most likely result from passive sampling. </span><span>While there was considerable variation among ISARs across the investigated lakes, we found an overall positive rarefied ISAR for lakes in warm (i.e., tropical/subtropical) regions (n = 195), and in contrast, an overall negative rarefied ISAR in cool (i.e., north temperate) lakes (n = 329). This suggested that mechanisms beyond passive sampling (e.g., colonization-extinction dynamics and/or heterogeneity) were more likely to operate in warm lakes. One possible reason for this difference is that the area-dependent intensity of fish predation, which can lead to flatter ISARs, is weaker in warmer relative to cooler lakes.</span></p> <p><span>Our study illustrates the importance of understanding both the pattern and potential processes underlying the ISARs of freshwater lakes in different climatic regions. Further, it provides a baseline for understanding how further changes to the ecosystem (i.e., in lake area or climate) might influence biodiversity patterns. </span></p>
Plant community compositional stability over 40 years in a Fraser River Estuary tidal freshwater marsh
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Long-term data sets documenting temporal changes in vegetation communities are uncommon, yet imperative for understanding trends and triggering potential conservation management interventions. For example, decreasing species diversity and increasing non-native species abundance may be indicative of decreasing community stability. We explored long-term plant community change over a 40-year period through the contribution of data collected in 2019 to two historical datasets collected in 1979 and 1999 to evaluate decadal changes in plant community biodiversity in a tidal freshwater marsh in the Fraser River Estuary in British Columbia, Canada. We found that plant assemblages were characterized by similar indicator species, but most other indicator species changed, and that overall </span><span>α-diversity</span><span> decreased while </span><span>β</span><span>-diversity increased. Further, we found evidence for plant assemblage homogenization through the increased abundance of invasive species such as yellow flag iris (<em>Iris pseudacorus</em>), and reed canary grass (<em>Phalaris arundinacea</em>). These observations may inform concepts of habitat stability in the absence of direct anthropogenic disturbance and corroborate globally observed trends of native species loss and non-native species encroachment. Our results indicate that within the Fraser River Estuary, active threat management may be necessary in areas of conservation concern in order to prevent further native species biodiversity loss. </span></p>
Data and code: Microgeographic variation in demography and thermal regimes stabilize regional abundance of a widespread freshwater fish
<p>Predicting the persistence of species under climate change is an increasingly important objective in ecological research and management. However, biotic and abiotic heterogeneity can drive asynchrony in population responses at small spatial scales, complicating species-level assessments. For widely distributed species consisting of many fragmented populations, such as brook trout (<em>Salvelinus fontinalis</em>), understanding drivers of asynchrony in population dynamics can improve predictions of range-wide climate impacts. We analyzed demographic time-series from mark-recapture surveys of eleven natural brook trout populations in eastern Canada over 13 years to examine the extent, drivers, and consequences of fine-scale population variation. The focal populations were genetically differentiated, occupied a small area (~25 km<sup>2</sup>) with few human impacts, and experienced similar climate conditions. Recruitment was highly asynchronous, weakly related to climate variables, and showed population-specific relationships with other demographic processes, generating diverse population dynamics. In contrast, individual growth was mostly synchronized among populations and driven by a shared positive relationship with stream temperature. Outputs from population-specific models were unrelated to four of five hypothesized drivers (recruitment, growth, reproductive success, phylogenetic distance), but variation in groundwater inputs strongly influenced stream temperature regimes and stock-recruitment relationships. Finally, population asynchrony generated a portfolio effect that stabilized regional species abundance. Our results demonstrate that population demographic and habitat diversity at microgeographic scales can play a significant role in moderating species responses to climate change. Moreover, we suggest that the absence of human activities within study streams preserved natural habitat variation and contributed to asynchrony in brook trout abundance, while the small study area eased monitoring and increased the likelihood of detecting asynchrony. Therefore, anthropogenic habitat degradation, landscape context, and spatial scale must be considered when developing management strategies to monitor and maintain populations that are diverse, stable, and resilient to climate change.</p>
Fig. 6 in On Two New Species Of Freshwater Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) From Southern Taiwan
Fig. 6, Geothelphusa lili, new species. Holotype male, 20.1 by 15.5 mm (NTOU F000701). A: carapace; B: ventral view of right G1; C: dorsal view of right G1; D: ventral view of right G2; d: ventral view of right G1 terminal segment. Scale: a – c = 1 mm, d = 0.1 mm, e = 1.5 mm.
Fig. 5 in On Two New Species Of Freshwater Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) From Southern Taiwan
Fig. 5, Geothelphusa shernshan, new species. Holotype male, 29.5 by 22.5 mm (NTOU F000101). A: carapace; B: ventral view of right G1; C: dorsal view of right G1; D: ventral view of right G2; d: ventral view of right G1 terminal segment. Scale: a – c = 1 mm, d = 0.1 mm, e = 3 mm.
Fig. 2, A-B in On Two New Species Of Freshwater Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) From Southern Taiwan
Fig. 2, A-B: Geothelphusa shernshan, new species. Holotype male, 29.5 by 22.5 mm (NTOU F000101). C-D: G. lili, new species. Holotype male, 20.1 by 15.5 mm (NTOU F000701). A, C: dorsal view; B, D: frontal view.
Fig. 4, A, B in On Two New Species Of Freshwater Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) From Southern Taiwan
Fig. 4, A, B: Geothelphusa lili, new species. Paratype male, 18.5 by 15.1 mm (NTOU F010101). C, D: G. ferruginea. Paratype male, 20.8 by 16.5 mm (NTOU F020601). All dorsal view of G1; B, D: terminal segment; A, C: synovial membrane. Scale, A, C = 1 mm; B, D: 100 m.
Fig. 3, A, D in On Two New Species Of Freshwater Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) From Southern Taiwan
Fig. 3, A, D: Geothelphusa shernshan, new species. Paratype male, 24.3 by 18.5 mm (NTOU F011201). B, E: G. neipu. Paratype male, 34.1 by 26.4 mm (NTOU F001004). C, F: G. pingtung. Paratype male, 35.9 by 28.9 mm (NTOU F001005). All dorsal view of G1, A - C: terminal segment; D - F: synovial membrane. Scale, A = 100 m; B,C = 200 m; D,E = 1 mm; F = 2 mm.
Fig. 1 in On Two New Species Of Freshwater Crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) From Southern Taiwan
Fig. 1. The locality of Geothelphusa shernshan, new species (a) and G. lili, new species (b) in Taiwan.
Fig. 3. Rhinogobius vermiculatus, CMK 15306 in Three New Freshwater Gobies Of The Genus Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) From Northeastern Laos
Fig. 3. Rhinogobius vermiculatus, CMK 15306, paratypes, (a) male, 34.1 mm SL, and (b) female, 41.1 mm SL; Laos: Nam Hang.
Fig. 3 in Caridina Trifasciata, A New Species Of Freshwater Shrimp (Decapoda: Atyidae) From Hong Kong
Fig. 3. Caridina trifasciata, new species, holotype male (cl 3.7 mm) (IZCAS), Tsak Yue Wu, Hong Kong. A, cephalothorax and cephalic appendages; lateral view; B, preanal carina; C, uropodal diaeresis; D. first pereiopod; E. second pereiopod; F. third pereiopod; G, dactylus of third pereiopod; H, fifth pereiopod; I. Dactylus of fifth pereiopod; J, endopod of male first pleopod; K, appendix masculina of male second pleopod. Scales: A = 1 mm; C, G, I - K = 0.2 mm; B, D - F, H = 0.5 mm; G, I, J = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 7 in Three New Freshwater Gobies Of The Genus Rhinogobius (Teleostei: Gobiidae) From Northeastern Laos
Fig. 7. Rhinogobius milleri, holotype, ZRC 46581, 39.8 mm SL; cephalic colour pattern of male. Scale bar = 1 mm.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.