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344 results for “genetic testing”
Data from: Experimental test of genetic rescue in isolated populations of brook trout
Genetic rescue is an increasingly considered conservation measure to address genetic erosion associated with habitat loss and fragmentation. The resulting gene flow from facilitating migration may improve fitness and adaptive potential, but is not without risks (e.g., outbreeding depression). Here, we conducted a test of genetic rescue by translocating ten (five of each sex) brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) from a single source to four nearby and isolated stream populations. To control for the demographic contribution of translocated individuals, ten resident individuals (five of each sex) were removed from each recipient population. Prior to the introduction of translocated individuals, the two smallest above-barrier populations had substantially lower genetic diversity, and all populations had reduced effective number of breeders relative to adjacent below-barrier populations. In the first reproductive bout following translocation, 31 of 40 (78%) translocated individuals reproduced successfully. Translocated individuals contributed to more families than expected under random mating and generally produced larger full-sibling families. We observed relatively high (>20%) introgression in three of the four recipient populations. The translocations increased genetic diversity of recipient populations by 45% in allelic richness and 25% in expected heterozygosity. Additionally, strong evidence of hybrid vigour was observed through significantly larger body sizes of hybrid offspring relative to resident offspring in all recipient populations. Continued monitoring of these populations will test for negative fitness effects beyond the first generation. However, these results provide much-needed experimental data to inform the potential effectiveness of genetic rescue-motivated translocations.
Data from: A test of genetic models for the evolutionary maintenance of same-sex sexual behaviour
The evolutionary maintenance of same-sex sexual behaviour (SSB) has received increasing attention because it is perceived to be an evolutionary paradox. The genetic basis of SSB is almost wholly unknown in non-human animals, though this is key to understanding its persistence. Recent theoretical work has yielded broadly applicable predictions centred on two genetic models for SSB: overdominance and sexual antagonism. Using Drosophila melanogaster, we assayed natural genetic variation for male SSB and empirically tested predictions about the mode of inheritance and fitness consequences of alleles influencing its expression. We screened 50 inbred lines derived from a wild population for male–male courtship and copulation behaviour, and examined crosses between the lines for evidence of overdominance and antagonistic fecundity selection. Consistent variation among lines revealed heritable genetic variation for SSB, but the nature of the genetic variation was complex. Phenotypic and fitness variation was consistent with expectations under overdominance, although predictions of the sexual antagonism model were also supported. We found an unexpected and strong paternal effect on the expression of SSB, suggesting possible Y-linkage of the trait. Our results inform evolutionary genetic mechanisms that might maintain low but persistently observed levels of male SSB in D. melanogaster, but highlight a need for broader taxonomic representation in studies of its evolutionary causes.
Data from: A test of the hypothesis that correlational selection generates genetic correlations
Theory predicts that correlational selection on two traits will cause the major axis of the bivariate G matrix to orient itself in the same direction as the correlational selection gradient. Two testable predictions follow from this: for a given pair of traits (1) the sign of correlational selection gradient should be the same as that of the genetic correlation, and (2) the correlational selection gradient should be positively correlated with the value of the genetic correlation. We test this hypothesis with a meta-analysis utilizing empirical estimates of correlational selection gradients and measures of the correlation between the two focal traits. Our results are consistent with both predictions and hence support the underlying hypothesis that correlational selection generates a genetic correlation between the two traits and hence orients the bivariate G matrix.
Data from: Testing the role of ecology and life history in structuring genetic variation across a landscape: a trait-based phylogeographic approach
Hypotheses to explain phylogeographic structure traditionally invoke geographic features, but often fail to provide a general explanation for spatial patterns of genetic variation. Organisms' intrinsic characteristics might play more important roles than landscape features in determining phylogeographic structure. We developed a novel comparative approach to explore the role of ecological and life-history variables in determining spatial genetic variation and tested it on frog communities in Panama. We quantified spatial genetic variation within 31 anuran species based on mitochondrial DNA sequences, for which hierarchical approximate Bayesian computation analyses rejected simultaneous divergence over a common landscape. Regressing ecological variables, on genetic divergence allowed us to test the importance of individual variables revealing that body size, current landscape resistance, geographic range, biogeographic origin and reproductive mode were significant predictors of spatial genetic variation. Our results support the idea that phylogeographic structure represents the outcome of an interaction between organisms and their environment, and suggest a conceptual integration we refer to as trait-based phylogeography.
Data from: Testing for a genetic response to sexual selection in a wild Drosophila population
In accordance with the consensus that sexual selection is responsible for the rapid evolution of display traits on macroevolutionary scales, microevolutionary studies suggest sexual selection is a widespread and often strong form of directional selection in nature. However, empirical evidence for the contemporary evolution of sexually selected traits remains weak. In this study we used a novel application of quantitative genetic breeding designs to test for a genetic response to sexual selection on eight chemical display traits in a field population of the fly, Drosophila serrata. Using our quantitative genetic approach, we were able to detect a genetically-based difference in means between groups of males descended from either successful or random wild males for one of these display traits, the diene (Z,Z)-5,9-C27:2. Our experimental results, in combination with previous lab studies on this system, suggest that both natural selection and sexual selection may be influencing the evolutionary trajectories of these traits in nature, limiting the capacity for a contemporary evolutionary response.
Fig. 3 in Testing The Microsatellites-Pcr Markers For Genetic Diversity Research Of Alien Ponto-Caspian Amphipod Pontogammarus Robustoides G. O. Sars, 1894
Fig. 3. Microsatellites amplification of Pontogammarus robustoides from Pļaviņas Reservoir used primer Gapu-17.
Data from: Using probability modelling and genetic parentage assignment to test the role of local mate availability in mating system variation.
The formal testing of mating system theories with empirical data is important for evaluating the relative importance of different processes in shaping mating systems in wild populations. Here we present a generally applicable probability modelling framework to test the role of local mate availability in determining a population's level of genetic monogamy. We provide a significance test for detecting departures in observed mating patterns from model expectations based on mate availability alone, allowing the presence and direction of behavioural effects to be inferred. The assessment of mate availability can be flexible and in this study it was based on population density, sex ratio and spatial arrangement. This approach provides a useful tool for (1) isolating the effect of mate availability in variable mating systems and (2) in combination with genetic parentage analyses, gaining insights into the nature of mating behaviours in elusive species. To illustrate this modelling approach, we have applied it to investigate the variable mating system of the mountain brushtail possum (Trichosurus cunninghami) and compared the model expectations with the outcomes of genetic parentage analysis over an 18 year study. The observed level of monogamy was higher than predicted under the model. Thus, behavioural traits, such as mate guarding or selective mate choice, may increase the population level of monogamy. We show that combining genetic parentage data with probability modelling can facilitate an improved understanding of the complex interactions between behavioural adaptations and demographic dynamics in driving mating system variation.
Genetic Testing for Breast, Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Prostate Cancers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04330716. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing GSK2636771 as a Potential Targeted Treatment in Cancers With PTEN Genetic Changes (MATCH-Subprotocol N)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04439149. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Enhancing Information Management for Young Adults After Genetic Cancer Risk Testing
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05759143. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Developing New Educational Materials About Genetic Testing for a Diverse Group of Cancer Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04751435. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing AZD9291 as Potentially Targeted Treatment in Cancers With EGFR Genetic Changes (MATCH-Subprotocol E)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06303167. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine as a Potential Targeted Treatment in Cancers With HER2 Genetic Changes (MATCH-Subprotocol Q)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04439110. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Clinical and Economic Implications of Genetic Testing for Warfarin Management
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00964353. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Follow-up With Preimplantation Genetic Testing Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04477863. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing Binimetinib as a Potential Targeted Treatment in Cancers With NRAS Genetic Changes (MATCH-Subprotocol Z1A)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04439344. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Issues Surrounding Prenatal Genetic Testing for Achondroplasia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00001536. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
OPTimizing Treatment Focused Genetic Testing IN Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04066361. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Testing Trametinib as a Potential Targeted Treatment in Cancers With BRAF Genetic Changes (MATCH-Subprotocol R)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04439279. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
An Intervention to Increase Genetic Testing in Families Who May Share a Gene Mutation Related to Cancer Risk and An Intervention to Help Patients and Their Primary Care Providers Stay Up-to-date About
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05420064. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.