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394 results for “hazard”
A deglacial hazard cascade exemplified by the landslide, tsunami and outburst flood at Elliot Creek, Southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada
<p>We describe and model the evolution of a recent landslide and outburst flood in the southern Coast Mountains, British Columbia, Canada. About 18 Mm<sup>3</sup> of rock descended 1000 m from a steep valley wall and traveled across the toe of a glacier before entering a 0.6 km<sup>2</sup> glacier lake and producing a >100-m high wave. Water overtopped the lake outlet and scoured a 10-km long channel before depositing debris on a 2 km<sup>2</sup> fan below the lake outlet. Floodwater, organic detritus, and fine sediment entered a fjord where it produced a 70-km long turbidity current and altered turbidity, water temperature, and water chemistry for weeks. The outburst flood destroyed forest and culturally significant salmon spawning and rearing habitat. Physically based models of the landslide, the displacement wave, and the flood provide real-time simulations of the event and can improve understanding of similar hazard cascades and the risk they pose.</p>
Restoration and fuel hazard reduction result in equivalent reductions in Crown fire behavior in dry conifer forests
<p>Over the past several decades, the management of historically frequent-fire forests in the western U.S. has received significant attention due to the linked ecological and social risks posed by the increased occurrence of large, contiguous patches of high-severity fire. As a result, efforts are underway to simultaneously reduce potential fire and fuel hazards and restore characteristics indicative of historical forest structures and ecological processes that enhance the diversity and quality of wildlife habitat across landscapes. Despite widespread agreement on the need for action, there is a perceived tension among scientists concerning silvicultural treatments that modify stands to optimally reduce potential fire behavior (fuel hazard reduction) versus those that aim to emulate historical forest structures and create structurally complex stands (restoration). In this work, we evaluated thinning treatments in the Black Hills National Forest that exemplify the extremes of a treatment continuum that ranges from fuel hazard reduction to restoration. The goal of this work was to understand how the differing 3-dimensional stand structures created by these treatment approaches altered potential fire behavior. Our results indicate that restoration treatments created higher levels of vertical and horizontal structural complexity than the fuel hazard reduction treatments but resulted in similar reductions to potential crown fire behavior. There were some tradeoffs identified as the restoration treatments created larger openings which generated faster mean rates of fire spread; however, these increased spread rates did not translate to higher levels of canopy consumption. Overall, our results suggest that treatments can create vertical and horizontal complexity desired for restoration and wildlife habitat management while reducing fire hazard and that they can be used in concert with traditional fuel hazard reduction treatments to reduce landscape scale fire risk. We also provide some suggestions to land managers seeking to design and implement prescriptions that emulate historical structures and enhance forest complexity.</p>
Historical flood reconstruction in a torrential alpine catchment (Saltina, Brig, Swiss Alps) and its implication for flood hazard assessments
<p>EXCEL has three sheets :</p> <p>1. Pas flood description</p> <p>2. Past Engineering</p> <p>3. Hydraulic modeling flood discharge (1331 to 1965) and systematic discharge from 1966 to 2020.</p> <p> </p> <p>Word has two pictures</p> <p> </p> <p>1. past old maps (1331,1888,1938,2017)</p> <p>2. Walls, check dam, and lifting bridge</p>
No net effect of host density on tick-borne disease hazard due to opposing roles of vector amplification and pathogen dilution
<p>To better understand vector-borne disease dynamics, knowledge of the ecological interactions between animal hosts, vectors and pathogens is needed. The effects of hosts on disease hazard depends on their role in driving vector abundance and their ability to transmit pathogens. Theoretically, a host that cannot transmit a pathogen could dilute pathogen prevalence but increase disease hazard if it increases vector population size. In the case of Lyme disease, caused by <em>Borrelia burgdorferi </em>s.l. and vectored by Ixodid ticks, deer may have dual opposing effects on vectors and pathogen: deer drive tick population densities but do not transmit <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l. and could thus decrease or increase disease hazard. We aimed to test for the role of deer in shaping Lyme disease hazard by using a wide range of deer densities while taking transmission host abundance into account. We predicted that deer increase nymphal tick abundance while reducing pathogen prevalence. The resulting impact of deer on disease hazard will depend on the relative strengths of these opposing effects. We conducted a cross-sectional survey across 24 woodlands in Scotland between 2017 and 2019, estimating host (deer, rodents) abundance, questing<em> Ixodes ricinus</em> nymph density and <em>B. burgdorferi</em> s.l. prevalence at each site. As predicted, deer density was positively associated with nymph density and negatively with nymphal infection prevalence. Overall, these two opposite effects cancelled each other out: Lyme disease hazard did not vary with increasing deer density. This demonstrates that, across a wide range of deer and rodent densities, the role of deer in amplifying tick densities cancels their effect of reducing pathogen prevalence. We demonstrate how non-competent host density has little effect on disease hazard even though they reduce pathogen prevalence, because of their role in increasing vector populations. These results have implications for informing disease mitigation strategies, especially through host management.</p>
Modelling Hazard for Tailings Dam Failures at Copper Mines in Supply Chains of Final Consumption
<p>This is the data, software and results used in our research paper "Modelling Hazard for Tailings Dam Failures at Copper Mines in Supply Chains of Final Consumption"</p>
Data-driven approaches to bestow environmental management through linking wastewater data to source estimation of hazardous waste [Data]
<p>Data of article <em>Data-driven approaches to bestow environmental management through linking wastewater data to source estimation of hazardous waste</em></p>
Data-driven approaches to bestow environmental management through linking wastewater data to source estimation of hazardous waste
<p>Data of article <em>Data-driven approaches to bestow environmental management through linking wastewater data to source estimation of hazardous waste</em></p>
Supporting GIS file for: Tectonic landform and lithologic age impact uncertainties in fault displacement hazard models
<p>This project aims to understand how the error in mapped fault location and the residual between the modeled and observed coseismic displacements vary with tectonic landform and the surficial lithologic age. We focus on four historical earthquakes: the M6.9 Borah Peak, 2014 M6.0 Napa, 2016 M7.0 Kumamoto, and 2016 M7.8 Kaikoura earthquakes.</p> <p>The GIS shape file contains information about the tectonic landform, the surficial landscape age, the observed and modelled coseismic displacement, fault location error, and the confidence ranking of the mapped fault trace. Each entry corresponds to a location where a displacement measurement was made following the earthquake of focus. Additional detail is given in the readme.</p> <p>The entries in the GIS file are collected from the following references:</p> <p>Chiou, B., Chen, R., Thomas, K., Milliner, C. W. D., Dawson, T., & Petersen, M. D. (2022). Surface Fault Displacement Models for Strike-Slip Faults. <em>Natural Hazards Risk and Resiliency Research Center B. John Garrick Institute for the Risk Sciences University of California, Los Angeles</em>, <em>Report GIRS‐2022‐07</em>, 186. https://doi.org/10.34948/N3RG6X</p> <p>Crone, A. J., Machette, M. N., Bonilla, M., Lienkaemper, J. J., Pierce, K., Scott, W., & Bucknam, R. (1987). Surface faulting accompanying the Borah Peak earthquake and segmentation of the lost river fault, central Idaho. <em>Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America</em>, <em>77</em>.</p> <p>Graymer, R. W., Brabb, E., Jones, D. L., Barnes, J., Nicholson, R. S., & Stamski, R. E. (2007). <em>Geologic Map and Map Database of Eastern Sonoma and Western Napa Counties, California</em> (No. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 2956). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3133/sim2956</p> <p>Heron, D. W. (2018). Geological Map of New Zealand 1:250 000. GNS Science Geological Map 1 (2nd ed.) Lower Hutt, New Zealand. GNS New Zealand. Retrieved from https://www.gns.cri.nz/data-and-resources/geological-map-of-new-zealand/</p> <p>Hoshizumi, H., Ozaki, M., Miyazaki, K., Matsuura, H., Toshimitsu, S., Uto, K., et al. (2004). Geological Map of Japan 1:200,000: Kumamoto. Geological Survey of Japan. Retrieved from https://www.gsj.jp/Map/EN/geology2-6.html#Kumamoto</p> <p>Janecke, S. U., & Wilson, E. (1992). Geologic map of the Borah Peak, Burnt Creek, Elkhorn Creek, and Leatherman Peak 7.5’ quadrangles, Custer County, Idaho, Scale 1:24,000. Idaho Geological Survey Technical Report 92-5. Retrieved from https://www.idahogeology.org/product/T-92-5</p> <p>Kuehn, Nicolas, Kottke, A., Madugo, C., Sarmiento, A., & Bozorgnia, Y. (2022). Report GIRS 2022-06: UCLA–PG&E Fault Displacement Model. https://doi.org/10.34948/N3X59H</p> <p>Lewis, R. S., Link, P., Stanford, L. R., & Long, S. P. (2012). <em>Geologic Map of Idaho</em>. Moscow, Boise, Pocatello: Idaho Geologic Survey. Retrieved from https://www.idahogeology.org/maps-pubs-data/state-geologic-map</p> <p>Ponti, D. J., Blair, J. L., & Rosa, C. M. (2019). Digital Datasets Documenting Fault Rupture and Ground Deformation Features Produced by the Mw 6.0 South Napa Earthquake of August 24, 2014 [Data set]. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P26W84</p> <p>Sarmiento, A., Madugo, D., Bozorgnia, Y., Shen, A., Mazzoni, S., Lavrentiadis, G., et al. (2021). Fault Displacement Hazard Initiative Database. <em>Report No. GIRS-2021-08, Revision 3.3 Dated 29 May 2024. Los Angeles, CA: The B. John Garrick Institute for the Risk Sciences at UCLA Engineering</em>. https://doi.org/10.34948/N36P48</p> <p>Scott, C., Adam, R., Arrowsmith, R., Madugo, C., Powell, J., Ford, J., et al. (2023). Evaluating how well active fault mapping predicts earthquake surface-rupture locations. <em>Geosphere</em>, <em>19</em>(4), 1128–1156. https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02611.1</p> <p>Scott, C. P., Arrowsmith, J. R., Nissen, E., Lajoie, L., Maruyama, T., & Chiba, T. (2018). The <em>M</em> 7 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, Earthquake: 3-D Deformation Along the Fault and Within the Damage Zone Constrained From Differential Lidar Topography. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth</em>, <em>123</em>, 6138–6155. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB015581</p> <p>Vincent, K. R. (1995). Implications for models of fault behavior from earthquake surface displacement along adjacent segments of the Lost River fault, Idaho<em>:</em> University of Arizona.</p> <p>Wagner, D., & Gutierrez, C. (2017). <em>Preliminary Geologic Map of the Napa and Bodega Bay 30’ x 60’ Quadrangles, California</em>. California Department of Conservation. Retrieved from https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_105819.htm</p> <p>Zinke, R., Hollingsworth, J., Dolan, J. F., & Van Dissen, R. (2019). Three‐Dimensional Surface Deformation in the 2016 M <sub>W</sub> 7.8 Kaikōura, New Zealand, Earthquake From Optical Image Correlation: Implications for Strain Localization and Long‐Term Evolution of the Pacific‐Australian Plate Boundary. <em>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems</em>, <em>20</em>(3), 1609–1628. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GC007951</p>
An adaptive and interpretable modeling architecture assisted rapid and reliable consensus prediction for hazardous properties of chemicals
<p>*the computational results of interpretable cases are available in the supporting information for interpretable case.xlsx ;</p> <p>*the training dataset is utilized for model training while the validation dataset is utilized for evaluating. </p>
Survival analysis of DNA mutation motifs with penalized proportional hazards
<p>Output used to produce the tables and figures in the manuscript:</p> <p>Feng and Shaw, et al. (2017) Survival analysis of DNA mutation motifs with penalized proportional hazards. <em>Annals of Applied Statistics</em>, <em>under revision</em>.</p> <p><br> Preprint: <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04057">http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.04057</a></p> <p>Package: <a href="http://github.com/matsengrp/samm">http://github.com/matsengrp/samm</a></p> <p> </p> <p>See README.md for more information.</p>
Supplementary data: Hazard from Himalyan glacier lake outburst floods
<p>We provide supplementary data to the manuscript by <strong>Veh, G., Korup, O., and Walz A.: "Hazard from Himalayan glacier lake outburst floods".</strong></p> <p>These datasets (file ending .rds) are ready to use within the R software for statistical programming. Please copy all files into one single directory and follow the instructions given in the scripts. You can find the following scripts on the associated Github page: <strong>https://github.com/geveh/GLOFhazard</strong></p> <p>bayes_lm_piecewise_regression_stan.R</p> <p>lm_piecewise_const.stan</p> <p>R_Script_lake_area_vs_max_depth.R</p> <p>R_Script_Hazard_from_GLOFs_PNAS_supp.R</p> <p>HDIofMCMC.R</p> <p>Outputs within the scripts are written to disk, again as R-objects, if not suppressed by the user. Make sure you have at least 100 GB of free disk space.</p> <p> </p>
Increased significance of global concurrent hazards from 1981 to 2020
<p> A novel criterion system for identifying concurrent hazards was firstly developed and then recognized 1,614 concurrent hazards during 1981-2020 from the 121,214 records including earthquake, storm, landslide, volcanic, wildfire and flood. </p>
Dataset for "Evolutionary Dynamics and Mechanisms of Chain-style Landslide Dam Failure Hazard: Insights from Experimental Field Research"
<p>Yang et al. (2024) Dataset for "Evolutionary Dynamics and Mechanisms of Chain-style Landslide Dam Failure Hazard: Insights from Experimental Field Research", Journal of Geophysical Research-Earth Surface.</p> <p>The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.</p>
Quantitative Assessments of the Liquefaction Hazard of Soils considering Possible Strong Earthquakes in Seismically Active Regions of Russia
<p>Initial data for RESEARCH ARTICLE "Quantitative Assessments of the Liquefaction Hazard of Soils considering Possible Strong Earthquakes in Seismically Active Regions of Russia "</p>
D3.8 - Short-term hazard modelling
<p>The D3.8, related to Task 3.4 and entitled "Short-term hazard modelling" is the eighth WP3 report. This report addresses the "last mile" hydraulic models, which take as input the climatic information produced by the hydrological downscaling models, sea level models, and wave models, resulting from Task 3.2 and described in deliverables D3.3 and D3.4. These models are used on an urban scale, considering digital terrain models and all the very precise and detailed information at these scales. Such scenarios are built to take into account the main hazard situations with different occurrence probabilities and are determined on the basis of the statistical tools defined in Task 3.3. </p>
Flood Hazard Maps using Google Earth Engine: Thrace and Thessaly River Basin Districts (Greece)
<p>This dataset contains three raster files with a spatial resolution of 10 m, derived by the Google Earth Engine:</p> <p> </p> <p>1) DynamicWorld_Floods_2015_2023.tif: Number of days flooded for the River Basin District of Thrace (Greece) starting from 2015 until 2023</p> <p>2) Thessaly_2015_August2023.tiff: Number of days flooded for the River Basin District of Thessaly (Greece) starting from 2015 until August 2023</p> <p>3) Thessaly_2015_now.tiff: Number of days flooded for the River Basin District of Thessaly (Greece) starting from 2015 until January 2024</p> <p> </p>
Reducing Workplace Hazards in Injection Molding: The Role of Education, Engineering, and Enforcement
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from the article: Narrative Risk Communication as a Lingua Franca for Environmental Hazard Preparation
<p>Incorporating narrative elements into risk communication may encourage preparation for environmental hazards in ways that scientific language alone does not. We integrate narrative theory, narrative persuasion, and risk theories into a Narrative Risk Communication Framework and then assess the effectiveness of character selection as a narrative mechanism in scientific risk communication as compared to conventional science messaging alone. We utilize a survey experiment with residents along the flood-prone Yellowstone River in Montana and analyze the resulting data with a parallel and serial mediation statistical model. We find that positive affective response mediates the influence of narratives featuring hero character language. Positive affective response appears to overcome the risk perception paradox both by circumventing rational analysis of risk and by shaping risk perception. Overall, the results suggest that inspirational hero language is superior to language of fear or victimization in encouraging preparation – an important lesson for practitioners working to help citizens prepare for environmental disasters.</p>
Use of WRF-Hydro in postfire debris-flow hazard simulation
<p>This is the dataset used in a study named "Use of WRF-Hydro to Simulate Runoff-Generated Debris Flow Hazards in Burn Scars" by C. Li<sup>1</sup>, A. L. Handwerger<sup>2,3</sup>, J. Wang<sup>4</sup>, W. Yu<sup>5,6</sup>, X. Li<sup>7</sup>, N. J. Finnegan<sup>8</sup>, Y. Xie<sup>9,10</sup>, G. Buscarnera<sup>7</sup>, and D. E. Horton<sup>1</sup></p> <p><sup>1 </sup>Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Northwestern University</p> <p><sup>2 </sup>Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA</p> <p><sup>3 </sup>Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA</p> <p><sup>4 </sup>Environmental Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA</p> <p><sup>5 </sup>Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder</p> <p><sup>6 </sup>NOAA/Global Systems Laboratory, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado</p> <p><sup>7 </sup>Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University</p> <p><sup>8 </sup>University of California Santa Cruz, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA</p> <p><sup>9</sup> Program in Environmental Sciences, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA</p> <p><sup>10 </sup>Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W State St, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA</p>
Defense Resiliency Project (DRP) Alaska Community Hazard and Permafrost Mitigation Plans
<p>Hazard and Permafrost Mitigation Plans for Alaska communities to be included in the DRP study</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.