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270 results for “permafrost”
Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating and Drying Research (DryPEHR): GPS Plot Locations
This drying and warming experiment addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem drying, warming and permafrost thaw cause a net release or uptake of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool influence ecosystem C loss? 3) How do drying and warming affect plant communities and ecosystem properties? We are answering these questions using a combined warming and drying experiment (DryPEHR), which is situated with the Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project and located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Warming treatment here refers to growing season air temperature warming (~1C) using open top chambers (OTC) combined with soil 'warming' using snow fences during the snow covered months. Drying is achieved using an automated pumping system that lowers the water table in the dry plots. Soil warming began in 2008; OTCs and drying in 2011. This dataset contains plot locations made using a differential GPS with real time kinematic correction in early August of 2017.
Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CIPEHR) project: Foliar mineral element concentrations, stocks, and annual litterfall fluxes in July 2009 and 2017
In this study, we are asking the question: how permafrost degradation may influence foliar mineral element cycling with changing subarctic tundra vegeatation? We are answering this question by using a combination of field measurements (aboveground biomass, foliar biomass, foliar net primary productivity (NPP)) and laboratory measurements (mineral element foliar concentration: Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, P, S, Si, and Zn) to evaluate the mineral element foliar stocks and the mineral element foliar fluxes upon annual litterfall. We covered 5 vascular plant species from an established tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Field measurements center on at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. Elemental analyses of plant species typical from the moist acidic tundra (in 2009 and 2017), combined with relative aboveground biomass and NPP measurements, brought key information on the influence of permafrost degradation and the vegetation composition on the litter elemental composition, and thereby the plant nutrient cycling across the subarctic tundra.
Radiocarbon content of carbon dioxide, methane, dissolved organic carbon and particulate organic carbon from the northern permafrost region and other studies
<p>The dataset includes <sup>14</sup>C measurements of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, DOC and POC mostly from the northern permafrost region. Some other studies are included from sites not underlained by permafrost. The dataset focuses on <sup>14</sup>C measurements of gaseous soil emissions and waterborne ecosystem C fluxes but the database also included C forms belowground, such as soil gases and pore water DOC. </p>
The Current State and 125 Kyr History of Permafrost in the Kara Sea Shelf: Modeling Constraints
<p>The database for modeling the evolution of permafrost in the Kara shelf for the past 125 kyr presented in the manuscript <a href="https://www.the-cryosphere-discuss.net/tc-2019-112/">https://www.the-cryosphere-discuss.net/tc-2019-112/</a> </p>
Data from: Plant trait response of tundra shrubs to permafrost and nutrient addition
<p>Plants may alter their strategies, such as growth and resource acquisition, as a result of climate change, especially in areas like the Arctic. These changes might affect in turn ecosystem functions and vegetation-climate interactions. Plant traits reflect both strategies and plant trade-offs in response to environmental conditions. In combination with observational data, experiments mimicking future climate conditions and data involving multiple leaf and stem traits, can contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of feedbacks between shrub growth strategies, permafrost thaw and carbon and energy fluxes.</p> <p>This dataset contains both metadata and plant trait data measured in individuals of four arctic shrub species under experimental conditions. The permafrost thaw and fertilization experiment (Peng et al., 2017) ran for four years (2011-2014) in the nature reserve of Kytalyk, north-eastern Siberia (70°49'N, 147°28'E). The shrub species, dominant at the research site, were the deciduous species <em>Betula nana</em> ssp. <em>exilis</em> (Sukazcev) Hultén and <em>Salix pulchra</em> Cham., and the evergreen species <em>Ledum palustre</em> ssp. <em>decumbens</em> (Aiton) Hultén and <em>Vaccinium vitis-idaea</em> L.</p>
Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope values for permafrost ice, rain, and snow collected near Fairbanks, Alaska and a summary of all age dates from the CRREL Permafrost Tunnel
<p>Stable oxygen and hydrogen isotope values for permafrost ice, rain, and snow collected near Fairbanks, Alaska as well as a summary of all age dates from the CRREL Permafrost Tunnel</p><p>Please contact me for more information or to use the data.</p><p>thomas.a.douglas@usace.army.mil</p>
Data for: Sources of CO2 produced in freshly thawed Pleistocene-age Yedoma permafrost
<p>This dataset contains δ13C and F14C compositions of CO2 samples as well as sedimentary parameters from Pleistocene Yedoma located on Kurungnakh Island in the Lena River Delta, collected during an expedition in July/August 2017.</p> <p>Sediment samples were collected from active layer soil pits, using shovels, at three sites on an active retrogressive thaw slump: Pleistocene-aged Yedoma from intact thaw mounds (TM1, TM2), intact Holocene polygonal tundra overlaying the thaw slump (HT1) and sediments from the thaw slump floor (SF3), where Pleistocene and Holocene sediments mix as a result of erosion.</p> <p>CO2 was collected in-situ from the three sites using respiration chambers, set up on vegetation-free spots on the active layer and, in fixed intervals, from a 1.5-year laboratory incubation experiment of sediment samples collected during the expedition. The analyses were performed to compare the C-isotopy of in-situ respired CO2 with that of CO2 produced during the incubation and to determine the sources of the released CO2.</p>
Anoxic Incubation and Priming Experiment in a Permafrost and Thermokarst Peatland in Lutose, Alberta, Canada
<p>The dataset presents anaerobic SOC mineralization results through incubations (CO2 and CH4 production rates) from a permafrost peat plateau and two adjacent thermokarst bogs which thawed ~30 (Young Thermokarst bog) and ~200 (Mature Thermokarst bog) years ago. Peat was incubated from 15 depths of ⁓6 m cores at 4 and 15°C for 714 days, followed by a priming experiment to assess the potential role of labile plant inputs on SOC mineralization.</p>
Explicitly modelling microtopography in permafrost landscapes in a land-surface model (JULES vn5.4_microtopography)
<p>Model output data, processed observational data and plotting code used to create the figures for the paper 'Explicitly modelling microtopography in permafrost landscapes in a land-surface model (JULES vn5.4_microtopography)' submitted to Geoscientific Model Development (2021). These describe the effect of explicitly representing microtopography in the JUELS land surface model on modelled snow depth, soil moisture, temperature, and methane fluxes, and compare these with observations.</p>
Subarctic soil carbon losses after deforestation for agriculture depend on permafrost abundance - study data
<p>Contains the dataset and R code used for the study "Subarctic soil carbon losses after deforestation for agriculture depend on permafrost abundance".</p>
Towards accurate quantification of ice content in permafrost of the Central Andes, part I: geophysics-based estimates from three different regions
<p>This data set contains two zip-files for a) the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data, and b) the refraction seismic tomography (RST) data used in</p> <p>Hilbich, C., Hauck, C., Mollaret, C., Wainstein, P., and Arenson, L. U.: Towards accurate quantification of ice content in permafrost of the Central Andes, part I: geophysics-based estimates from three different regions. The Cryosphere, 16, 1–28, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-16-1845-2022.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>1) Files included in allERT_Zenodo.zip:</strong></p> <p>(i) all ERT raw data files used in the paper,</p> <p>(ii) Topo_allERT.xlsx --> with the topography data of all profiles</p> <p>(iii) readme_ERT_files.txt --> with further explanations</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>2) Files included in allRST_Zenodo.zip:</strong></p> <p>(i) all RST raw data files used in the paper,</p> <p>(ii) Topo_xxx.txt with the topography data of each profile</p> <p>(iii) readme_RST_files.txt --> with further explanations</p> <p> </p> <p>Please consult the readme files first.</p>
A novel nematode species from the Siberian permafrost shares adaptive mechanisms for cryptobiotic survival with C. elegans dauer larva
<p>Some organisms in nature have developed the ability to enter a state of suspended metabolism called cryptobiosis<sup>1</sup> when environmental conditions are unfavorable. This state-transition requires the execution of complex genetic and biochemical programs<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup>, that enables the organism to survive for prolonged periods. Recently, nematode individuals have been reanimated from Siberian permafrost after remaining in cryptobiosis. Preliminary analysis indicates that these nematodes belong to the genera <em>Panagrolaimus</em> and <em>Plectus</em><sup>4</sup>. Here, we present precise radiocarbon dating indicating that the <em>Panagrolaimus</em> individuals have remained in cryptobiosis since the late Pleistocene (~46,000 years). Phylogenetic inference based on our genome assembly and a detailed morphological analysis demonstrate that they belong to an undescribed species, which we named <em>Panagrolaimus n. sp</em>. Comparative genome analysis revealed that the molecular toolkit for cryptobiosis in <em>Panagrolaimus n. sp. </em>and in <em>C. elegans</em> is partly orthologous. We show that biochemical mechanisms employed by these two species to survive desiccation and freezing under laboratory conditions are similar. Our experimental evidence also reveals that <em>C. elegans</em> dauer larvae can remain viable for longer periods in suspended animation than previously reported. Altogether, our findings demonstrate that nematodes evolved mechanisms potentially allowing them to suspend life over geological time scales.</p>
Data supporting "Dispersal of bacteria and stimulation of permafrost decomposition by Collembola"
<p>This archive contains the processed sequencing data, processed CO<sub>2</sub> flux data and the script used to generate figures and tables presented in "Dispersal of bacteria and stimulation of permafrost decomposition by Collembola" by Monteux S., Mariën J., and Krab E.J., Biogeosciences 2022, 19, 4089-4105, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4089-2022 . A more exhaustive repository including bioinformatics processing is found at https://git.bolin.su.se/bolin/monteux-2022-collembola and the raw DNA data is deposited at ENA under accession number PRJEB51992</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Rate of permafrost thaw and associated plant community dynamics in peatlands of northwestern Canada
<p>This dataset was collected to document the changing plant community, and associated environmental factors, as warming climate conditions accelerate permafrost thaw in northern peatland environments. Due to the insulative properties of dry, surface peat layers, discontinuous permafrost is preferentially found in peatlands, termed peat plateaux, where the volumetric expansion of ice-rich permafrost has resulted in a raised, dry ground surface dominated by lichens and, often, stunted black spruce forests. As ground temperatures warm, and the ice-rich permafrost thaws, the ground surface sinks to, or below, the water table, and these peat plateau environments change dramatically from black spruce and lichen-dominated peat plateaux to treeless moss- and sedge-dominated collapse scar environments. Data are from a set of 17 sites distributed along a latitudinal gradient in the Mackenzie Valley of Northwestern Canada. At each site, a transect of five to nine contiguous 1x1m quadrats was sampled, spanning the transition from peat plateau to collapse scar environments and, thus, capturing the zone of active permafrost thaw within peat plateaux as they transition to collapse scars. Fourteen of these sites were sampled at two time periods: 2007 and 2008 (T1: time 1), and 2017 and 2018 (T2: time 2) enabling an assessment of 10-year changes (9 years for one site). This dataset includes quadrat-level measurements of plant community composition (percent cover by species), frost depth, water table depth, peat depth, soil moisture, and canopy cover. Site level measurements consist of maximum peat depth, along with pH and electrical conductivity of collapse scar water samples, as well as the annual rate of lateral permafrost thaw. We also include basic site location parameters, as well as several climatic parameters, interpolated for each site using BioSIM software.</p>
Simulation results with the EULAG research model for the publication: "Large eddy simulations of the interaction between the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and degrading Arctic permafrost"
<p>Supplementary material for the publication</p> <ul> <li>Mark Schlutow, Tobias Stacke, Tom Doerffel, et al. Large eddy simulations of the interaction between the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and degrading Arctic permafrost. ESS Open Archive . January 24, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170612558.81370785/v1">https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.170612558.81370785/v1</a></li> </ul> <p>The material contains all simulation results and raw outputs that are necessary to reproduce the figures and statistics of the publication. </p>
Data from: No slowdown of growing season extension with warming in a permafrost-affected meadow on the Tibetan Plateau
<p>The Tibetan Plateau holds the world's largest alpine permafrost and is undergoing an acceleration of warming. Phenological shifts over alpine permafrost in a warmer world have been little studied and are greatly underrepresented in current syntheses. Here, we conducted seasonal and gradient temperature-controlled experiments in a permafrost-affected meadow to evaluate how warming drives shifts in spring and autumn phenology, and associated growing-season length at both community and species levels. Our results showed that there is no sign of slowdown in spring advance with warming under a higher year-around warming treatment, aligning with a future medium warming scenario. This finding can be attributed to the possibility that winter warming is insufficient to reduce chilling accumulation, which would not delay spring phenology and then lead to a non-slowdown in spring phenological advancement. Although spring advance led to an advance in autumn senescence according to spring-only warming experiments, the advance could not offset the delay due to concurrent warming. As a result, year-around warming significantly delayed autumn senescence, although there was a deceleration in delay with warming under high temperature treatment than under the low one. Taken together, there is no slowdown in an extension of growing season length with warming under a higher year-around warming treatment, with an increase of length by 9 and 21 days at the end of this century under a CO<sub>2</sub> stabilization and medium warming scenarios, respectively. Our results suggest that a continued growing season extension at least under the medium warming scenario would help permafrost-affected meadow ecosystems to mitigate permafrost carbon release on the Tibetan Plateau.</p>
The influence of permafrost and other environmental controls on stream thermal sensitivity across Yukon, Canada -- data set
<p>Data set used to conduct the research presented in the manuscript entitled "<span>The influence of permafrost and other environmental controls on stream thermal sensitivity across Yukon, Canada</span>", submitted to the journal Hydrology and Earth System Science.</p>
Carbon Dioxide and Methane Flux Meta Analysis, Schaerer et al: Permafrost microbes unleashed: thaw reactors provide timely insights into greenhouse gas feedbacks for climate stewardship
<p>Meta-analysis results and workflow: <strong>Meta-Analysis-Report-V1.pdf</strong> </p> <p>raw data tables for input into meta-analysis:</p> <p><strong>co2_flux_by_layer_temp.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>co2_flux_by_layer_time.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>ch4_flux_by_layer_temp.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>ch4_flux_by_layer_time.csv</strong></p> <p><strong>co2_flux_by_headspace_temp.csv</strong></p> <p>(Data included in these tables was digitized using the R package metaDigitize)</p> <p>****</p> <p>We also attempted to summarize the raw data from 12 studies which is summarized in the <strong><em>Flux_Summary_Report </em></strong>document. we converted all units into mg C / g Soil * d (calculations are included in the <strong><em>co2_meta_analysis</em></strong> spreadsheet). For studies not reporting raw data or data tables (7/12 studies), we estimated the values from the figures manually. This typically resulted in an estimate of the mean flux of several replicates (all studies had 3-10 replicates). We filled in metadata as well as we could based on the information available in the papers, although there were many gaps. This information is summarized in the <strong><em>flux_data_compilation</em> </strong>spreadsheet.</p> <p>Studies in the raw data comparison include: Mackelprang 2011, Waldrop 2010 & 2021, Barbato 2022, Dang 2022, Muller 2018, Monteaux 2020, Dutta 2006, Lee 2012, O'Donnell 2009, Roy Chowdhury 2014, Trubl 2021.</p>
Arctic PASSION Online Seminar on "Visualising permafrost landscape change: A new service from the EU Arctic PASSION project"
<p><strong>16 May 2024 at 11 AM GMT</strong></p> <p><strong></strong>In this online seminar, Arctic PASSION is introducing its pan-Arctic requirements-driven Permafrost Service. The Permafrost Service is based on remote sensing analyses, and detection and mapping of permafrost disturbances at high spatial resolution across large regions. The data helps to quantify landscape change, hydrological dynamics and permafrost vulnerability. In order to make the scientific findings easily accessible, we designed a tailored web-based portal specifically targeting non-scientific user communities, stakeholders and rightsholders. With the Arctic Landscape EXplorer (<a href="https://arcticpassion.eu/blog/ALEX">ALEX</a>), we provide interactive maps for recent information on land surface changes, hot spots of disturbances and potential areas of active permafrost thaw and erosion.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Speakers: </strong></p> <p>Tillmann Lübker (Geospatial Data Scientist at the Alfred Wegener Institute/Arctic PASSION)</p> <p>Guido Grosse (Head of the Permafrost Research Section at the Alfred Wegener Institute/Arctic PASSION) </p> <p>Moderation: Josefine Lenz (Project Manager at the Alfred Wegener Institute/Arctic PASSION)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Webinar recording: </strong>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XW5b7nk7sBw</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Related links: </strong>https://arcticpassion.eu/blog/ALEX</p>
Permafrost and Ground Ice Map of Switzerland
<p>Save the layer file (.lyr) together with the other files (Shapefiles) in a common folder and load the layer file in a GIS or geoviewer application to see the map.</p> <p>If your GIS-Application does not support .lyr files you can define the visualization of the map by yourself using the field “indicator” in the shapefiles attribute table. This field contain the numbers -3; -2; -1; 0; 1; 5 and 9 which have the following meaning:</p> <p>-3 = permafrost < -3°C</p> <p>-2 = permafrost -2 to -3°C</p> <p>-1 = permafrost < -1 to -2°C</p> <p>0 = permafrost < 0 to -1°C</p> <p>1 = Ground temperatures 0 to +1°C (possible patchy permafrost)</p> <p>5 = potential ice-rich permafrost</p> <p>9= glacier</p> <p> </p> <p>The PGIM and legends can also be accessed online at www.slf.ch\pgim</p> <p>The shapefile contain a countrywide permafrost distribution map of Switzerland, indicating ground temperatures and ice content. A new representation of ground temperatures is achieved by distinguishing ice-poor and ice-rich permafrost in the modelling process. There is a very strong correlation of ground temperatures with elevation and potential incoming solar radiation in ice-poor and ice-free ground. The distribution of ice-rich permafrost was defined by modelling mass wasting processes and the integration of snow and ice into the ground caused by them. This approach yields a relatively accurate and largely unambiguous map. Permafrost occurrence is represented by two clearly defined classes: Zone 1 representing modelled ground temperatures and zone 2 indicating excess ground ice outside of zone 1. 58% of 92 validation sites could be definitively classified as having permafrost or no permafrost. If only ice-poor or –free ground is considered, this value reaches 90%.</p>
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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