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1,492 results for “species delimitation”
Fig. 2 in Revision of Neotropical Scelolabes Philippi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae): two new species and a proposal of delimitation
Fig. 2. Scelolabes amorimi sp. nov. A–F. Male terminalia. A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Left lateral view. D. Right lateral view. E–F. Surstyli in frontal view. E. Left. F. Right. G. Female terminalia in ventral view. Abbreviations: bac scl = bacilliform sclerite; cerc = cercus; epand = epandrium; hypd = hypandrium; hyprct = hypoproct; ph = phallus; projc = projection; sbepand scl = subepandrial sclerite; st = sternite; sur = surstylus. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 1 in Revision of Neotropical Scelolabes Philippi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae): two new species and a proposal of delimitation
Fig. 1. Scelolabes amorimi sp. nov. A. Holotype, ♂ (MNHN). B. Paratype, ♀ (MNHN). C–H. Paratypes (MNHN). A–B. Lateral habitus. C. Halter, row of spine-like setulae in evidence (arrow). D. Antenna in lateral view. E. Occiput of male in dorsal view. F. Scutum in dorsal view. G. Wing of male paratype. H. Abdomen in lateral view. Abbreviations: bm = basal medial cell; br = basal radial cell; CuA = anterior branch of cubital vein; cua = anterior cubital cell; CuA+CuP = anterior branch of cubital vein + posterior branch of cubital vein; dm = discal medial cell; M 1+2 = first branch of media; M 4 = fourth branch of media; R1 = anterior branch of radius; R2+3 = second branch of radius; R4+5 = third branch of radius; Rs = radial sector.
Fig. 4. Scelolabes bivittatus Philippi, 1865. A–F. Male terminalia. A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Left lateral view. D. Right lateral view. E–F in Revision of Neotropical Scelolabes Philippi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae): two new species and a proposal of delimitation
Fig. 4. Scelolabes bivittatus Philippi, 1865. A–F. Male terminalia. A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Left lateral view. D. Right lateral view. E–F. Surstyli in frontal view. E. Left. F. Right. G. Female terminalia in ventral view. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 3. Scelolabes bivittatus Philippi, 1865 in Revision of Neotropical Scelolabes Philippi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae): two new species and a proposal of delimitation
Fig. 3. Scelolabes bivittatus Philippi, 1865 (INPA). A–B. Lateral habitus A. Male. B. Female. C. Halter, row of spine-like setulae in evidence. D. Antenna of male in lateral view. E. Occiput of male in dorsal view. F. Scutum of male in dorsal view. G. Wing of male. H. Abdomen of male in dorsal view.
Fig. 7 in Revision of Neotropical Scelolabes Philippi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae): two new species and a proposal of delimitation
Fig. 7. Geographical records of Scelolabes Philippi, 1865. A. S. amorimi sp. nov. and S. verasilvae sp. nov. B. S. bivittatus Philippi, 1865.
Fig. 6 in Revision of Neotropical Scelolabes Philippi (Diptera, Hybotidae, Ocydromiinae): two new species and a proposal of delimitation
Fig. 6. Scelolabes verasilvae sp. nov., male terminalia. A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Left lateral view. D. Right lateral view. E–F. Surstyli in frontal view. E. Left. F. Right. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.
Hierarchical heuristic species delimitation under the multispecies coalescent model with migration
<p>The multispecies coalescent (MSC) model accommodates genealogical fluctuations across the genome and provides a natural framework for comparative analysis of genomic sequence data to infer the history of species divergence and gene flow. Given a set of populations, hypotheses of species delimitation (and species phylogeny) may be formulated as instances of MSC models (e.g., MSC for one species versus MSC for two species) and compared using Bayesian model selection. This approach, implemented in the program bpp, has been found to be prone to over-splitting. Alternatively, heuristic criteria based on population parameters under the MSC model (such as population/species divergence times, population sizes, and migration rates) estimated from genomic sequence data may be used to delimit species. Here we extend the approach of species delimitation using the genealogical divergence index (𝑔𝑑𝑖) to develop hierarchical merge and split algorithms for heuristic species delimitation and implement them in a python pipeline called hhsd. Applied to data simulated under a model of isolation by distance, the approach was able to recover the correct species delimitation, whereas model comparison by bpp failed. Analyses of empirical datasets suggest that the procedure may be less prone to over-splitting. We discuss possible strategies for accommodating paraphyletic species in the procedure, as well as the challenges of species delimitation based on heuristic criteria.</p>
3DKMI: A MATLAB package to generate shape signatures from Krawtchouk moments and an application to species delimitation in planktonic foraminifera
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Data from: Integrative ichthyological species delimitation in the Greenthroat Darter complex (Percidae: Etheostomatinae)
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Standardized nuclear markers improve and homogenize species delimitation in Metazoa
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Hierarchical heuristic species delimitation under the multispecies coalescent model with migration
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Metazoa-level USCOs as markers in species delimitation and classification
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Species delimitation in the symphyotrichum subulatum group (Asteraceae) reveals a new species in central Mexico
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Data from: Genomic and phenotypic delimitation of species in a temperate aquatic biodiversity hotspot
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Data from: Comparative species delimitation of a biological conservation icon
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Data for: Morphological species delimitation in the Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys): Can machine learning methods aid in cryptic species identification?
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Curve delimiting copulatory openings at base of scape wide (f5) in An of Zelotibia (Araneae, Gnaphosidae), a spider genus with a species swarm in the Albertine Rift
Curve delimiting copulatory openings at base of scape wide (f5)
Data from: Ultraconserved yet informative for species delimitation: UCEs resolve long-standing systematic enigma in Central European bees
Accurate and testable species delimitation hypotheses are essential for measuring, surveying and managing biodiversity. Today, taxonomists often rely on mitochondrial DNA barcoding to complement morphological species delimitations. Although COI barcoding has largely proven successful in assisting identifications for most animal taxa, there are nevertheless numerous cases where mitochondrial barcodes do not necessarily reflect the species history. For instance, what is regarded as one single species can be associated with two distinct DNA barcodes, which can point either to cryptic diversity or to deep within-species mitochondrial divergences with no reproductive isolation. In contrast, two or more species can share barcodes, for instance due to mitochondrial introgression. These intrinsic limitations of mitochondrial DNA barcoding can only be addressed with nuclear genomic markers, which are expensive, labour intensive, poorly repeatable, and often require high-quality DNA. To overcome these limitations, we examined the use of ultraconserved nuclear genetic elements (UCEs) as a quick and robust genomic approach to address such problematic cases of species delimitation. This genomic method was assessed using six different bee species complexes suspected to harbour cryptic diversity, mitochondrial introgression, or mitochondrial paraphyly. The sequencing of UCEs recovered between 686 and 1860 homologous nuclear loci and provided explicit species delimitation hypotheses in all investigated species complexes. These results provide strong evidence for the suitability of UCEs as a fast method for species delimitation even in recently diverged lineages. Furthermore, this study provided the first conclusive evidence for both mitochondrial introgression among distinct species, and mitochondrial paraphyly within a single bee species.
Phylogenomic species delimitation, taxonomy, and "bird guide" identification for the Neotropical ant genus Rasopone (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
<p><i>Rasopone</i> Schmidt & Shattuck is a poorly known lineage of ants that live in Neotropical forests. Informed by phylogenetic results from thousands of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and mitochondrial DNA barcodes, we revise the genus, providing a new morphological diagnosis and a species-level treatment. Analysis of UCE data from many <i>Rasopone</i> samples and select outgroups revealed non-monophyly of the genus. Monophyly of <i>Rasopone</i> was restored by transferring several species to the unrelated genus <i>Mayaponera </i>Schmidt & Shattuck. Within <i>Rasopone</i>, species are morphologically very similar, and we provide a "bird guide" approach to identification rather than the traditional dichotomous key. Species are arranged by size in a table, along with geographic range and standard images. Additional diagnostic information is then provided in individual species accounts. We recognize a total of 15 named species, of which the following are described as <b>new species</b>: <i>R. costaricensis</i>, <i>R. cryptergates</i>,<i> R. cubitalis</i>,<i> R. guatemalensis</i>,<i> R. mesoamericana</i>,<i> R. pluviselva</i>,<i> R. politognatha</i>, <i>R. subcubitalis</i>, and <i>R. titanis</i>. An additional 12 morphospecies are described but not formally named due to insufficient material. <i>Rasopone panamensis</i> (Forel, 1899) is <b>removed from synonymy</b> and <b>elevated to species</b>. The following species are removed from <i>Rasopone</i> and made <b>new combinations</b> in <i>Mayaponera</i>: <i>M. arhuaca</i> (Forel, 1901), <i>M. becculata</i> (Mackay & Mackay, 2010), <i>M. cernua</i> (Mackay & Mackay, 2010), <i>M. conicula</i> (Mackay & Mackay, 2010), <i>M. longidentata</i> (Mackay & Mackay, 2010), and <i>M. pergandei</i> (Forel, 1909).</p>
Species delimitation and taxonomic revision of Oxyopes (Araneae: Oxyopidae) of Taiwan
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>This study revised the spider genus <i>Oxyopes</i> Latreille, 1804 in Taiwan and delineated the species boundaries based on morphological and molecular characters. A total of seven <i>Oxyopes</i> spiders were recognized, including two newly described species, <i>O. hasta</i> <b>sp. nov. </b>and <i>O. taiwanensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> <i>Oxyopes</i><i> fujianicus</i> Song & Zhu 1993 from Yilan County, Nantou County, and Kaohsuing City, and <i>O. striagatus</i> Song 1999 from New Taipei City, Taichung City, Nantou County, and Kaohsiung City were recorded for the first time in Taiwan. An identification key and a distributional map of Taiwanese <i>Oxyopes</i> species were provided. Partial <i>COI</i> sequences were obtained for molecular phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies, and DNA barcoding gap analysis supported morphologically defined species. However, molecular species delimitation based on Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery(ABGD), P<sub>ID</sub> (Liberal), and generalized mixed Yule coalescent (GMYC) were incongruent in species assignment. The results showed that the interspecific genetic divergence between <i>O. sertatus</i> and <i>O. taiwanensis</i> was relatively low (1.28 ± 0.43%), and the intraspecific genetic divergence of <i>O. striagatus</i> was relatively high (1.69 ± 0.35%). Ecological data, additional samples and genetic loci are required to further examine the level of reproductive isolation and patterns of population genetic structure in Taiwanese <i>Oxyopes</i>.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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