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FIGURES 26–32 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 26–32. Mafikengia ciliata sp. nov., male holotype, aedeagus. 26. Aedeagus, left lateral view. 27. Distiphallus, right lateral view. 28. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 29. Distiphallus, slightly oblique anterodorsal view. 30. Distiphallus, ventral view. 31. Distiphallus, oblique anteroventral view. 32. Anterior view.

FIGURES 92–100. 92–94 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 92–100. 92–94. Silbomyia fuscipennis (Fabricius), male (BMNH). 95–97. Mesembrinella bicolor (Fabricius), male (KR). 98–100. Phumosia lutescens (Villeneuve), male (KR). 92. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 93. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view. 94. Area around right surstylus and right bacilliform sclerite, oblique internal view. 95. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 96. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli, and bacilliform sclerites, left lateral view. 97. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view. 98. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 99. Epandrium, cerci and left surstylus, left lateral view. 100. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view.

FIGURES 38–48. Bengaliinae, various species. 38–41 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 38–48. Bengaliinae, various species. 38–41. Thorax (in part also head), lateral to dorsolateral view, showing various setae. 38. Cordylobia anthropophaga (Blanchard), male (MZLU). 39. Hemigymnochaeta sp. (BMSA). 40. Termitoloemus marshalli Baranov, female paratype (BMNH). 41. Verticia sp., male (Sarawak specimen, BMNH). 42–44. Termitoloemus marshalli Baranov, holotype (BMNH). 42. Left lateral view of head and fore part of thorax. 43. Left lateral view of hind leg, including parts of wing and abdomen. Arrows point to exit of anal vein (upper), and tip of dorsal preapical seta on hind tibia. 44. Dorsal view of abdomen. 45–46. Hemigymnochaeta gogoiana Lehrer, male (specimen no. 15210, BMSA). 45. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 46. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 47–48. Cordylobia anthropophaga (Blanchard), male (MZLU). 47. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 48. Distiphallus, dorsal view.

FIGURES 49–52. 49–50 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 49–52. 49–50. Auchmeromyia senegalensis (Macquart), male (ZMUN). 51–52. Bengalia seniorwhitei (Lehrer) (ZMUN). 49. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, left lateral view. 50. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, inside (anteroventral) view. 51. Epandrium, cerci, the two parts of the surstylus and bacilliform sclerites, left dorsolateral view. 52. Epandrium, cerci, left surstylus and bacilliform sclerites. Note the two sclerotisations from upper end of bacilliform sclerite, connecting to the medial side of the proximal and distal parts of surstylus, respectively.

FIGURES 23–25 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 23–25. Mafikengia ciliata sp. nov., male holotype, cerci, surstyli, epandrium and bacilliform sclerites. 23. Cerci, surstylus, epandrium, left lateral view. The letter 'x' marks the position of the remainder of the bacilliform sclerite, most of it removed from figure. 24. Cerci and surstylus, dorsal (posterior) view. 25. Genital capsule, internal view.

FIGURES 13–16 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 13–16. Mafikengia ciliata sp. nov., male holotype, wing and abdomen. 13. Right wing from above. 14. Detail of right wing, from below. Arrow points to exit of anal vein near fold in wing. 15. Abdomen, dorsal view. 16. Abdomen, ventrolateral view.

FIGURES 7–12 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 7–12. Mafikengia ciliata sp. nov., male holotype, thorax. 7. Scutum, dorsal view. 8. Anterior spiracle and proepisternal depression, right lateral view. 9. Posterior spiracle and parts of meron, right lateral view. 10. Mediotergite, anatergite and lower calypter, posterior view. Arrow points to pale and black setulae on anatergite below lower calypter. 11. Lateral scutellar declivity, right lateral view. Arrow points to regular row of setulae. 12. Postalar wall, right lateral view. Arrow points to group of minute black setulae.

FIGURE 1 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURE 1. Mafikengia ciliata sp. nov., male holotype. Fly habitus, right lateral view. Inset: original label.

FIGURES 101–103 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 101–103. Euphumosia papua (Guérin-Méneville), male (BPBM). 101. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 102. Epandrium, cerci, right surstylus and bacilliform sclerite, right lateral view. 103. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view.

FIGURES 69–72. Termitoloemus marshalli Baranov, male holotype. 69–71 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 69–72. Termitoloemus marshalli Baranov, male holotype. 69–71. Genital capsule, left side view, at various depth of focus (from genital slide in BMNH). For a detailed explanation, see Material and methods, section Photography, above. 69. Genital capsule, left part (exposure #9492, i.e., no. 10 from top). 70. Genital capsule, middle part ("focus-fused from exposures #9506–#9511, i.e., nos. 24–29 from top). 71. Genital capsule, right part (exposure #9523, i.e. no. 8 from deepest level). 72. Genital capsule, dorsal (posterior) view, reproduced from Baranov (1936: 649, fig. 2) with permission from Taylor & Francis. The labelling is added by KR.

FIGURES 63–68 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 63–68. Termitocalliphora nana (Zumpt), male (CNC). 63. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 64. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, left lateral view. 65. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view. 66. Distiphallus, left lateral view. 67. Distiphallus, dorsal view. 68. Distiphallus, oblique ventral view.

FIGURES 57–62. 57–59 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 57–62. 57–59. Cordylobia roubaudi (Villeneuve), male (specimen no. 00719, BMSA). 57. Epandrium, surstylus, cerci and bacilliform sclerite, left lateral view. 58. Epandrium, surstyli, cerci and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view. 59. Epandrium, surstylus, cerci and bacilliform sclerite, dorsal (posterior) view. 60–62. Hemigymnochaeta gogoiana Lehrer, male (specimen no. 15210, BMSA). 60. Epandrium, surstylus, cerci and bacilliform sclerite, left lateral view. 61. Epandrium, surstyli and cerci, dorsal (posterior) view. 62. Epandrium, surstyli and cerci, ventral (internal) view.

FIGURES 73–78. 73–75 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 73–78. 73–75. Tricyclea fasciata (Macquart), subsp. ferruginea Wulp, male (specimen no 15029 in BMSA). 76–78. Tricyclea tauffliebi (Zumpt), comb. nov., male (BMNH). 73. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 74. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, oblique dorsolateral view. 75. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, ventral (internal) view. 76. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, dorsal (posterior) view. 77. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, oblique lateral view. 78. Epandrium, cerci, surstyli and bacilliform sclerites, slightly oblique ventral (internal) view.

FIG. 4 in Allozyme electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of a species boundary in freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Potamonautidae)

FIG. 4. Allele frequencies at the LDH locus in the 25 populations of Potamonautes studied. Refer to Žgure 1 for collection localities.

FIG. 1 in Allozyme electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of a species boundary in freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Potamonautidae)

FIG. 1. Sampling localities of the 25 populations of Potamonautes studied. Potamonautes granularis (), P. perlatus () and P. sidneyi () were collected from the Western Cape (WC), Eastern Cape (EC), KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), Mpumalanga (MP) and the Northern Province (NP). Localities include: (1) Klawer, (2) Doring River, (3) Clanwilliam, (4) Paarl, (5) Tokai, (6) Liesbeek, (7) Bonnievale, (8) Tradouw Pass, (9) Tsitsikamma, (10) Smitskraal, (11) Hankey, (12) Belmont, (13) Umtata, (14) Pinetown, (15) University of Zululand, (16) Dakaneni, (17) Blood River, (18) Oliviershoek, (19) Mahai, (20) Cathedral Peak, (21) Wakkerstroom, (22) Vaal River, (23) Sterkspruit, (24) Mukhasa and (25) Tchiombedi.

FIG. 2 in Allozyme electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of a species boundary in freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Potamonautidae)

FIG. 2. UPGMA-dendrogram, reecting genetic similarity amongst the 25 Potamonautes populations studied, as calculated from Nei's (1978) unbiased genetic identities (I) obtained in pair-wise comparisons of populations.

FIG. 5 in Allozyme electrophoresis demonstrates the presence of a species boundary in freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Potamonautidae)

FIG. 5. Scatterplots of geographic distance (km) over Nei's (1978) unbiased genetic identity (I) for each pair-wise comparison of (a) the eight P. perlatus populations, and (b) the 13 P. sidneyi populations studied. Solid lines represent least-squares regressions and dotted lines represent 95% conŽdence limits.

FIGURES 134–137 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 134–137. Zernyiella dubia Zumpt, male lectotype (NMSA). 134. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, left lateral view. 135. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, posterior (dorsal) view. 136. Part of epandrium with right surstylus and right bacilliform sclerite, internal view. 137. Pre- and postgonites, aedeagus, left lateral view.

FIGURE 138 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURE 138. Strict consensus of the 11 most parsimonious trees of 56 steps found by NONA. Numbers above branches indicate Bremer support values.

FIGURES 85–87 in A review of the monophyly and composition of the Bengaliinae with the description of a new genus and species, and new evidence for the presence of Melanomyinae in the Afrotropical Region (Diptera, Calliphoridae) 2964

FIGURES 85–87. Tricycleala maculipennis Villeneuve, male (CNC). 85. Epandrial complex, left lateral view. 86. Epandrial complex, slightly oblique internal view. 87. Epandrium, cerci and surstyli, oblique right dorsolateral view.