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Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II (LINX2): Stream nitrogen (N) dynamics in streams on the eastern side of Puerto Rico
Stream nitrogen (N) dynamics were studied in streams on the eastern side of Puerto Rico. Rates of nitrate uptake and denitrification were measured in nine tropical low-order streams with contrasting land use as part of the Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II (LINX II) in Puerto Rico using short term (24-hour) additions of K15NO3 and NaBr. Background nitrate concentrations ranged from 105 to 997 µg N L-1 and stream nitrate uptake lengths were long, varying from 315 to 8480 m (median of 1200 m). Other indices of nitrate uptake (Vf,, cm s-1 and U, ïg N m-2 s-1) were low in comparison to other regions and were related to chemical, biological, and physical parameters. Denitrification rates were highly variable (0 to 133 ïg N m-2 min-1; median = 15), were dominated by the end product N2 (rather than N2O), and were best predicted by whole-stream respiration rates and stream NO3 concentration. Denitrification accounted for 1 to 97% of nitrate uptake with 5 of 9 streams having 35% or more of nitrate uptake via denitrification, showing that denitrification is a substantial sink for nitrate in tropical streams. Whole-stream nitrate uptake and denitrification in our study streams closely followed 1st order uptake kinetics, indicating that NO3 uptake is limited by delivery of substrate (NO3) to the organisms involved in uptake or denitrification. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Chemistry of stream water from the Luquillo Mountains
Stream water is collected weekly at the Luquillo Mountain (Luquillo Experimental Forest) sites listed below. These data sets begin as early as 1983; LTER sampling began in 1988. Stream water samples are grab samples taken from the water/air interface at stream channel center on the sampling day (usually Tuesdays). A continuous record of stream stage (height) is recorded by a datalogger at some ongoing stream sampling sites. Average daily streamflows are available from the USGS and at other locations (Hydrology and Meteorology) on this site. All samples are measured for pH and conductivity, and then filtered (pre-combusted Whatman GF/F glass fiber filter) prior to further analysis. From 1983-1994 samples were cooled and returned to the San Juan chemistry laboratory for analysis. During those years, samples for NH4 and NO3 analyses were refrigerated continuously until analysis. Subsamples for NH4 analysis were also preserved with 1 molar H2SO4. From 1994 on, samples for NH4 and NO3were frozen until analysis, were not acidified, and all analyses were conducted at the University of New Hampshire. Stream water Sampling SitesDescriptions of LTER LUQ stream water weekly sample chemistry data from 1988 onwards. Chemical concentrations are recorded as mg/L or mg/L as appropriate. Values below detection limits are recorded as 1/2 the detection limit. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service. The following sites in the Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) are represented here: Quebrada Sonadora, QS, El Verde stream. Quebrada Toronja, QT, QT1 El Verde stream. Rio Espiritu Santo 4, RES4, LEF N
StreamFRE: Canopy cover over Prieta stream
Measurements of canopy cover over Prieta Stream, as part of the Stream Flow Reduction Experiment (StreamFRE). Background: StreamFRE started in October 2016 with the goal of assessing the effects of droughts on stream ecosystems. The project is designed to assess the effect of flow reduction, the main effect of droughts on streams. We collected pre-manipulation data from October 2016 to September 2017, when Hurricanes Irma and Maria hit Puerto Rico. The project became a hurricane impact assessment from September 2017 to early 2021, when the flow reduction is scheduled to start. Since pools and riffles are always the same, measurements allow to assess changes in canopy over time and in response to experimental and natural disturbances.
StreamFRE: Benthic Organic Matter in Prieta Stream
Measurements of benthic organic matter (BOM) in Prieta Stream, as part of the Stream Flow Reduction Experiment (StreamFRE). Background: StreamFRE started in October 2016 with the goal of assessing the effects of droughts on stream ecosystems. The project is designed to assess the effect of flow reduction, the main effect of droughts on streams. We collected pre-manipulation data from October 2016 to September 2017, when Hurricanes Irma and Maria hit Puerto Rico. The project became a hurricane impact assessment from September 2017 to early 2022, when the flow reduction is scheduled to start. BOM is measured using corer samplers in pools and Surber samplers in riffles. Samples are collected monthly as part of our macroinvertebrate sampling. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
StreamFRE: Pool area and depth in Prieta Streams
Measurements of pool depth in Prieta Stream, as part of the Stream Flow Reduction Experiment (StreamFRE). StreamFRE started in October 2016 with the goal of assessing the effects of droughts on stream ecosystems. The project is designed to assess the effect of flow reduction, the main effect of drought on streams. We collected pre-manipulation data from October 2016 to September 2017, when Hurricanes Irma and Maria hit Puerto Rico. Due to hurricane disturbances, the project became a hurricane impact assessment from September 2017 to early 2022, when the flow reduction is scheduled to start. Each month we measured pool depth by taking 5 random measurements through each of the pools. Values are recorded in cm and reported as average and variability in pool depth. Pool depths measures are collected the same day Decapod are sampled and pictures are taken to determine the pool surface area. Pool depth: Each month we measured pool depth by taking 5 random measurements through each of the pools. Values are recorded in cm and reported as average and variability in pool depth. Pool depths measures are collected the same day Decapod are sampled and pictures are taken to determine the pool surface area. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Chemistry of coastal stream and lagoon water from Puerto Rico - 2021-2024
Water samples were collected from coastal streams and lagoons in Puerto Rico from February 2021 to March 2024 as part of ongoing coastal ecosystem monitoring. These samples were analyzed at the University of New Hampshire Water Quality Analysis Laboratory for comprehensive water chemistry including field parameters, major ions, nutrients, dissolved gases, and trace metals. Sampling sites included Quebrada Fajardo (QFJO) at multiple depths and distances upstream, Quebrada Pitahaya (Qpaya), Laguna Pitahaya (LPYHA), Luquillo streams (LUQA, LUQB), and Laguna Cartagena (LCART). Field measurements included pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, turbidity, and atmospheric pressure. Laboratory analyses encompassed dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), nutrients (NH4-N, PO4-P, NO3-N), major ions (Cl, SO4, Na, K, Mg, Ca), dissolved gases (CH4, CO2, N2O), and trace metals by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) analysis. The ICP analysis provided enhanced detection capabilities for cations and metals including calcium, iron, manganese, silicon, strontium, sulfur, sodium, magnesium and potassium. Samples were collected as grab samples from the water surface. All samples were filtered through pre-combusted Whatman GF/F for nutrients and organic matter and Whatman WCN Cellulose Nitrate Membranes for metals. Values below detection limits are recorded as 1/2 the detection limit. This dataset provides comprehensive water quality data for Puerto Rican coastal watersheds, with particular focus on stratified sampling in Quebrada Fajardo to understand vertical water column structure and biogeochemical processes in coastal environments influenced by both terrestrial and marine inputs. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecol
Stream gage and outlet locations, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2020, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in the region. Measurements are regularly made to examine water quality, quantity, and chemical properties. The stream gauge and outlet locations table serves as an index of the sampling points used to collect hydrological and stream chemistry data in the McMurdo Dry Valley network of streams. It documents the latitude, longitude and elevation of all the stream sample points used for hydrological and/or chemical analysis.
Ion concentrations in glacial meltwater streams, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic aqueous geochemical sampling program has been undertaken. A series of terrestrial water samples have been collected and analyzed for major ion chemistry by ion chromatography. The concentrations of ions cover a wide range of total dissolved solids from the stream waters. This dataset shows concentrations of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, iron, chlorine, bromine, silicon, fluorine, sulfate, and hydrogen ions found in various streams of the McMurdo Dry Valleys.
Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in glacial meltwater streams, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This table contains macronutrient concentrations (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, soluble reactive phosphorus) found at specific locations in McMurdo Dry Valley streams.
Sediment and organic matter fluxes from the Stream Channel Aeolian Transect (SCAT), McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2019-2023, ongoing)
The Stream Channel Aeolian Transect (SCAT) project was established by the McMurdo Dry Valleys LTER during the 2018-2019 austral summer to quantify the seasonal sediment and organic matter flux into stream channels in Fryxell Basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica. Data collection began in 2019, with annual measurements of total sediment, ash-free dry mass (AFDM), and associated fluxes of sediment and organic matter analyzed each year. The initial SCAT array was installed along Von Guerard Stream during the 2018-2019 austral summer. It consists of six transects, each with eight collectors spanning the length of Von Guerard Stream, with three placed at the down-valley edge of the stream channel, two in the wetted margins, and three at the up-valley edge. In 2022, additional transects were established in Green Creek and Aiken Creek, each with four collectors placed in the wetted margins. These ongoing data collections provide critical insights into aeolian sediment and organic matter dynamics, highlighting their influence on stream channel processes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Canada Stream at F1, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1990-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in this region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Canada Stream at the F1 streamgage, located in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1990-91 season and are ongoing. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Commonwealth Stream at C1, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Commonwealth Stream at the C1 streamgage, located in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Crescent Stream at F8, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1990-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Crescent Stream at the F8 streamgage, located in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1990-91 season. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Delta Stream at F10, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1990-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Delta Stream at the F10 streamgage, located in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1990-91 season and are ongoing. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from House Stream at H2, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2012)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology dataset for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' House Stream at the H2 streamgage, located in the Hoare Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1993-94 austral summer and continued through the end of the 2011-12 austral summer. The H2 streamgage was removed in December 2012 due to rising lake levels.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Lost Seal Stream at F3, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1990-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Lost Seal Stream at F3, located in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1990-91 season and is ongoing. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Priscu Stream at B1, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2011)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology dataset for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Priscu Stream at the B1 streamgage, located in the Bonney Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1993-94 austral summer and continued through the end of the 2010-11 austral summer. The B1 streamgage was removed in December 2011 due to lake level rise and sedimentation of the control. No replacement site was constructed.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Santa Fe Stream at B2, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1993-2000)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology dataset for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Santa Fe Stream at the B2 streamgage, located in the Bonney Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1993-94 austral summer and continued through the end of the 1999-20 austral summer. The B2 streamgage was removed in December 2000 after it was found completely underwater due to Lake Bonney water level rise. Efforts were made to continue some discrete flow measurements to estimate flow in Santa Fe Stream based on the flow record at the higher elevation streamgage located in nearby Lawson Creek. Thus, Santa Fe Stream transitioned from being continuously monitored to one for which discrete measurements of flow may be made during site visits to Lawson Creek.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Von Guerard Stream at F6, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (1990-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the McMurdo Dry Valleys' Von Guerard Stream at the F6 streamgage, located in the Fryxell Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 1990-91 season. The Von Guerard Stream gage (at -77.608269, 163.253853) was removed on 20 Dec 2012 due to lake level rise. A new gage upstream (at -77.609210, 163.254203) has been in use since the 2012-2013 season. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
Seasonal high-frequency measurements of discharge, water temperature, and specific conductivity from Bohner Stream at B5, McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica (2011-2023, ongoing)
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This package contains data pertaining to continuous monitored water quality and quantity parameters measured with automatic recording devices on streams in this region. Specifically, this metadata record describes the hydrology data set for the Bohner Stream at the B5 streamgage, located in the Bonney Basin of Taylor Valley. Measurements commenced during the 2011-12 season and are ongoing. Gage control was constructed on 27 Jan 2011 at -77.696302 62.558285. This dataset extends through the first half of the 2022-23 field season.
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