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1,849 results for “toxicant”
Toxic bait as an alternative tool in the management of Spodoptera frugiperda in second corn crops
<p>The attached file Data_base_JEN-2020-0374 (To upload in repository) refers to the article "Toxic bait as an alternative tool in the management of Spodoptera frugiperda in second corn crops"which was submitted to the Journal Applied Entomology (JEN-2020-0374)</p>
Status quo in data availability and predictive models of nano-mixture toxicity
<p>Supplementary materials for manuscript: Status quo in data availability and predictive models of nano-mixture toxicity.</p> <p>This table contains the list of 183 curated literature used in this study.</p>
Natural toxic impact and thyroid signaling interplay orchestrates riverine adaptive divergence of salmonid fish
<p>Abstract 1. Adaptive radiation in fishes has been actively investigated over the last decades. Along with numerous well-studied cases of lacustrine radiation, some examples of riverine sympatric divergence have been recently discovered. In contrast to the lakes, the riverine conditions do not provide evident stability in the ecological gradients. Consequently, external factors triggering the radiation, as well as developmental mechanisms underpinning it, remain unclear. 2. Herein, we present the comprehensive study of external and internal drivers of the riverine adaptive divergence of the salmonid fish Salvelinus malma. In the Kamchatka River, N-E Asia, this species splits in the reproductively isolated morphs that drastically differ in ecology and morphology: the benthivorous Dolly Varden (DV) and the piscivorous Stone charr (SC). 3. To understand why and how these morphs originated, we performed a series of field and experimental work, including common-garden rearing, comparative ontogenetic, physiological and endocrinological analyses, hormonal "engineering" of phenotypes, and acute toxicological tests. 4. We revealed that the type of spawning ground acts as the main external factor driving the radiation of S. malma. In contrast to DV spawning in the leaf krummholz zone, SC reproduces in the zone of coniferous forest, which litter has a toxic impact on developing fishes. SC enhances resistance to the toxicants via metabolism acceleration provided by the elevated thyroid hormone content. These physiological changes lead to the multiple heterochronies resulting in a specific morphology and SC's expansion into a piscivorous niche. 5. Salvelinus malma represents a notable example of how the thyroid axis contributes to the generation of diverse phenotypic outcomes underlying the riverine sympatric divergence. Our findings, along with the paleoecology data concerning spruce forest distribution during the Pleistocene, provide an opportunity to reconstruct a scenario of S. malma divergence. Taken together, obtained results with the data of the role of thyroid hormones in the ontogeny and diversification of fishes contribute a resource to consider the thyroid axis as a prime director orchestrating the phenotypic plasticity promoting evolutionary diversification under the changing environmental conditions. 06-Jan-2021</p>
Data from: The genomic landscape of rapid repeated evolutionary adaptation to toxic pollution in wild fish
Atlantic killifish populations have rapidly adapted to normally lethal levels of pollution in four urban estuaries. Through analysis of 384 whole killifish genome sequences and comparative transcriptomics in four pairs of sensitive and tolerant populations, we identify the aryl hydrocarbon receptor–based signaling pathway as a shared target of selection. This suggests evolutionary constraint on adaptive solutions to complex toxicant mixtures at each site. However, distinct molecular variants apparently contribute to adaptive pathway modification among tolerant populations. Selection also targets other toxicity-mediating genes and genes of connected signaling pathways; this indicates complex tolerance phenotypes and potentially compensatory adaptations. Molecular changes are consistent with selection on standing genetic variation. In killifish, high nucleotide diversity has likely been a crucial substrate for selective sweeps to propel rapid adaptation.
Carbonate chemistry changes following iron and steel slags dissolution in seawater for Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement, and measured dissolution of potentially toxic elements.
<p>Ocean alkalinity enhancement is a carbon capture strategy that has gained interest over the past years. This strategy relies on the dissolution of alkaline minerals to increase the alkalinity of the ocean, among which iron and steel slags are potential candidates. However, their dissolution in seawater as well as the leaching of potentially toxic elements is unknown. These data were collected as part of a research article that assess the alkalinity generation potential of iron and steel slags in MilliQ and seawater, as well as the dissolution of potentially toxic elements. The dataset is composed of various sheets, each of them reporting data from a specific experiment. For each experiment, the analysis details (instrument used, parameters analysed etc) are provided on each individual sheet, and an overview one regroups the main aims of this research as well as the technical terms used throughout.</p>
Dataset for On the Tunability of Toxicity for Viologen-Derivatives as Anolyte for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries
<p>Dataset of the results published in ChemSusChem 10.1002/cssc.202300626. Viologen-derivatives are the most widely used redox organic molecules for neutral pH negative electrolyte of redox flow batteries. However, the long-established toxicity of the herbicide methyl-viologen raises concern for deployment of viologen-derivatives at large scale in flow batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the radically different cytotoxicity and toxicology of a series of viologen-derivatives in in vitro assays using model organisms representative of human and environmental exposure, namely human lung carcinoma epithelial cell line (A549) and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results show that safe viologen derivatives can be molecularly engineered, representing a promising family of negolyte materials for neutral redox flow batteries</p>
Soil toxicity and species dominance rather than nutrient availability drive plant species richness in swamp forests of Central Europe
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>A resource-based conceptual model of plant diversity (RBCM) assumes direct relationships between resource supply and the diversity of a local plant assembly. However, the RBCM largely ignores variation imposed by soil toxicity due to climatic effects. Both soil-limiting resources and soil toxicity vary along climatic gradients but their net and interactive effects on plant species diversity remain unknown. We asked how climatic gradients shape resource availability, soil toxicity and dominance of herb-layer graminoids, and how these predictors control local species diversity of herbs and bryophytes.</p> <p><strong>Location: </strong>Swamp forests, Central Europe</p> <p><strong>Taxon: </strong>Vascular plants, bryophytes</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>Alpha taxonomic diversity of vascular plants and bryophytes was counted for 101 vegetation plots sampled in temperate swamp forests distributed along an 800-km geographical gradient across the Continental, Alpine and Pannonian biogeographical regions. Path analysis (structural equation modelling) was used to quantify the direct and indirect effects of climatic variables (potential evapotranspiration; PET), limiting resources (soil N/P, Ca, C/N, proxies for light and water availability), and soil toxicity (Mn) on graminoid dominance and community diversity.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>PET negatively influenced species richness of both groups analysed either directly or indirectly through its positive effect on the cover of graminoid species. Alpha diversity of herbs was additionally reduced by soil toxicity (Mn). Limiting resources correlated either with species dominance (canopy shading, soil Ca) or with PET (soil N/P ratio), but they did not control species richness pattern.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions: </strong>Climate, soil toxicity and species dominance determined alpha diversity instead of the expected importance of soil limiting resources. These results are key to advancing the theoretical framework of the RBCM. Increased soil toxicity (Mn) in well-watered regions favours the dominance of plant competitors at the expense of less tolerant species. This implies a potential threat to wetland diversity under ongoing climate change.</p>
Multiomics analyses reveal a Type III-associated immune response in immunotherapy-induced toxicity in melanoma and identifies potential new therapeutic targets
<p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are standard-of-care for the treatment of advanced melanoma, but their use is limited by immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Proteomic analyses and multiplex cytokine/chemokine assays from serum at baseline and at irAEs onset in melanoma patients indicated aberrant T-cell activity with differential expression of Type I and III immune signatures. This was in line with an increase in the proportions of monocytes and decrease of IL-17A-producing CD4+ T-cells in the peripheral blood using single cell RNA sequencing. Multiplex immunohistochemistry and spatial transcriptomics on ICI-induced skin rash and colitis showed an increase in the proportion of CD4+ T-cells with IL-17A expression. </p> <p>Anti-IL-17A mAbs were administered in two patients with myocarditis, colitis and skin rash with resolution of the irAE. This study highlights the potential role of Type III CD4+ T-cells in irAEs development and provides proof-of-principle evidence for a corresponding clinical trial using anti-IL17A for treating irAEs.</p> <p>Code to generate the figures are located at https://github.com/pcheng84/AE_analysis/</p> <p> </p>
Australian Grains Pest Innovation Program - Acute toxicity to beneficials
<p>Australian Grains Pest Innovation Program (AGPIP) - Acute toxicity to beneficials dataset v1 22Sep23</p> <p>Funded by the Grains Research and Development Corporation (GRDC) </p> <p>This version was last edited on 23 August 2023 and is the dataset used in:</p> <p>Mata L, Knapp RA, McDougall R, Overton K, Hoffmann AA, Umina P. (2024) Acute toxicity effects of pesticides on beneficial organisms – Dispelling myths for a more sustainable use of chemicals in agricultural environments. bioRxiv</p>
Pesticides toxicity on Nesidiocoris tenuis
<p><span><span>Residual toxicity of <em>Nesidiocoris tenuis</em> (Heteroptera: Miridae) to pesticide active ingredients commonly used in tomato crop</span></span></p>
Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C enhances vesicular storage of dopamine and counters dopaminergic toxicity
<p>Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra exist in a persistent state of vulnerability resulting from high baseline oxidative stress, high energy demand, and broad unmyelinated axonal arborizations. Impairments in the storage of dopamine compound this stress due to cytosolic reactions that transform the vital neurotransmitter into an endogenous neurotoxicant, and this toxicity is thought to contribute to the dopamine neuron degeneration that occurs Parkinson's disease. We have previously identified synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C (SV2C) as a modifier of vesicular dopamine function, demonstrating that genetic ablation of SV2C in mice results in decreased dopamine content and evoked dopamine release in the striatum. Here, we adapted a previously published in vitro assay utilizing false fluorescent neurotransmitter 206 (FFN206) to visualize how SV2C regulates vesicular dopamine dynamics and identified that SV2C promotes the uptake and retention of FFN206 within vesicles. In addition, we present data indicating that SV2C enhances the retention of dopamine in the vesicular compartment with radiolabeled dopamine in vesicles isolated from immortalized cells and from mouse brain. Further, we demonstrate that SV2C enhances the ability of vesicles to store the neurotoxicant 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and that genetic ablation of SV2C results in enhanced 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced vulnerability in mice. Together, these findings establish that SV2C functions to enhance storage of dopamine and toxicants and helps maintain the integrity of dopaminergic neurons.</p>
Figure 1 in Evaluation on reducing toxicity of fluoxastrobine with doped TiO2 nanoparticles
Figure 1. (A) XRD pattern, (B) SEM images of S–TiO2, and (C) SEM-EDX spectrum.
Prioritization of unknown features based on predicted toxicity categories
<p> The fish toxicity data set, the filtered CompTox data set, and the pesticide mixture datasets used for the development of the prioritization algorithms described elsewhere.</p>
Raw data for the submitted manuscript: The Influence of Soil Organic Matter Content on the Toxicity of Pesticides to the Springtail Folsomia candida
<p>Raw data obtained from toxicity tests with the springtail Folsomia candida exposed for 28 days to chlorpyrifos, lindane, cyproconazole, carbendazim and imidacloprid in artificial soils containing 10%, 5%, 2.5% sphagnum peat, and LUFA 2.2 soil. Tests were performed following OECD guideline 232. The file includes data on springtail survival and reproduction.</p>
Raw data for the manuscript: The influence of soil organic matter content and substance lipophilicity on the toxicity of pesticides to the earthworm Eisenia andrei
<p>Raw data obtained from toxicity tests with the earthworm <em>Eisenia andrei</em> exposed for 56 days to chlorpyrifos, lindane, cyproconazole, carbendazim and imidacloprid in artificial soils containing 10%, 5%, 2.5% sphagnum peat, and LUFA 2.2 soil. Tests were performed following OECD guideline 222. The file includes data on earthworm starting and ending weights, survival, and reproduction.</p>
Dataset for Interactive Profiling Narrative (IPN) with Toxicity Tolerance Score of each individual user to different categories of toxicity
<p>he dataset is the collection of the results of the Interactive Profiling Narrative that was developed as a part of the project Listener Aware Content Detoxification.<br>It contains the toxicity tolerance scores of each individual user to different categories.<br>High scores indicate that the user is extremely sensitive to the particular category where as low scores indicate that the user isn't that triggered by the category.Medium scores show moderate tolerance.</p> <p>Columns:<br>1.UserId: The unique id given to each user (helps preserve anonymity).<br>2.Race: The user's toxicity tolerance to the category race. High score means racist comment trigger them. <br>3.Sex: The user's toxicity tolerance to the category sexuality. High scores indicate sensitivity to comments on sexual identity.<br>4.Body_image: The user's sensitivity to comments regarding body image. High scores indicate that remarks on body appearance strongly affect the user.<br>5.Disability:The user's sensitivity to comments about disabilities. A high score means the user is highly sensitive to potentially ableist remarks.<br>6.Religion_culture: The user's sensitivity to content involving religion or culture. High scores show the user is easily triggered by insensitive comments about religious or cultural aspects.<br>7.Physical_abuse: User's sensitivity to comments regarding physical abuse. High scores indicate the user is strongly affected by remarks on physical abuse.<br>8.Mental_health: This measures the user's sensitivity to comments on mental health. High scores suggest that the user is particularly affected by comments stigmatizing mental health issues.<br>9.Politics:The user's sensitivity to political content. High scores indicate that political discussions or comments are likely to evoke a strong reaction in the user</p>
Toxic Sentence Classification Dataset with labels of categories such as religion, mental health, race, sex, body image, disability, physical abuse, and politics
<p>The dataset has a collection of various toxic sentences belonging to different categories. It was collected from various sources. It indicates which category each sentence belongs to. The values of the category columns are binary 1 or 0 indicating whether the sentence belongs to that particular category or not. Each sentence belongs to only 1 category. </p> <p> </p> <p>Columns:<br>1.comment_text: Contains toxic sentences that are insensitive and offensive, focusing on various categories.<br>2.mental_health: Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence focuses on mental health.<br>3.Race:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence is racist.<br>4.sex:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence focuses on sexuality.<br>5.body_image:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence focuses on body image.<br>6.disability:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence focuses on physical disability and related issues.<br>7.religion:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence can be triggering to people who are extremely religious.<br>8.physical_abuse:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence focuses on physical abuse issues.<br>9.politics:Binary value 1 indicates that the sentence focuses on political issues.</p>
Data for: Molecular mechanisms behind safranal's toxicity to liver cancer cells from dual omics
<p>The spice saffron (<em>Crocus sativus</em>) has anticancer activity in several human tissues, but the molecular mechanisms underlying potential therapeutic effects are poorly understood. We investigated the impact of safranal, a small molecule secondary metabolite from saffron, on the HCC cell line HEP-G2 using untargeted metabolomics (HPLC-MS) and transcriptomics (RNAseq). Increases in glutathione disulfide and other biomarkers for oxidative damage contrasted with lower levels of the antioxidants biliverdin IX (139-fold decrease, p=5.3E-5), the ubiquinol precursor 3-4-dihydroxy-5-all-trans-decaprenylbenzoate (3-fold decrease, p=1.9E-5), and resolvin E1 (-3,282-fold decrease, p=4E-5), which indicates sensitization to reactive oxygen species. We observed a significant increase in intracellular hypoxanthine (538-fold increase, p=7.7E-6) that may be primarily responsible for oxidative damage in HCC after safranal treatment. The accumulation of free fatty acids and other biomarkers, such as S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine, are consistent with safranal-induced mitochondrial de-uncoupling and explain the sharp increase in hypoxanthine we observed. Overall, the dual omics datasets describe routes to widespread protein destabilization and DNA damage from safranal-induced oxidative stress in HCC cells.</p>
Data from: Hitting reset on sediment toxicity: Sediment homogenization alters the toxicity of metal‐amended sediments
<p>Laboratory testing of sediments frequently involves manipulation by amendment with contaminants and homogenization, which changes the physicochemical structure of sediments. These changes can influence the bioavailability of divalent metals, and field and mesocosm experiments have shown that laboratory-derived thresholds are often overly conservative. We assessed the mechanisms that lead to divergence between laboratory- and field-derived thresholds; specifically, we assessed the importance of slow equilibration to solid-phase ligands and vertical stratification. To mimic natural physicochemical conditions, we uniquely aged sediment with a flow-through exposure system. These sediments were then homogenized and compared, toxicologically, with freshly metal-amended sediments in a 28-d chronic toxicity bioassay with the amphipod <em>Hyalella azteca</em>. We assessed concentration–response relationships for 3 metals (copper, nickel, and zinc) and 5 geochemically distinct sediments. We observed minimal differences in growth and survival of <em>H. azteca</em> between aged and freshly spiked sediments across all sediments and metals. These trends suggest that a loss of toxicity observed during long-term sediment aging is reversed after sediment homogenization. By comparison with mesocosm experiments, we demonstrate that homogenizing sediment immediately before toxicity assays may produce artificially high toxicity thresholds. We suggest that toxicity assays with sediments that maintain vertical redox gradients are needed to generate field-relevant sediment metal toxicity thresholds.</p>
Datasheet of Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Toxicity Evaluation of 1,3-bis(p-Hydroxyphenyl)urea
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation is a normal protective response caused by an injury or tissue damage, through physical trauma, damaging chemicals, or invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. One of the modified <em>p</em>-aminophenol compounds is 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea, which was estimated to have more potent analgesic activity and fewer hepatotoxic side effects than paracetamol. When the lipophilicity of this compound increases between 1.8 to 4.4, it is observed to serve as an anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, the determination of safety precaution is very necessary while testing for the toxicity effect of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea. This is due to the effectiveness and safety of suitable drugs.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anti-inflammatory test was carried out by measuring the percentage of inflammation in rats, after the administration of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea was previously induced by the carrageenan solution intraplantar and the analysis of neutrophil values through a plethysmometer and Hematoxylin-Eosin method. Also, an acute toxicity test was performed by administering this p-aminophenol compound to female rats for 24 h and observed for 14 days. In addition, a subchronic toxicity test was conducted on male and female rats for 28 days, with continuous observations carried out for 42 days.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The doses of 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea at 50, 100, and 200 mg/Kg BW, had anti-inflammatory activity compared to diclofenac sodium at 2.25 mg/Kg BW. Also, there is no toxicity and animal death symptoms were observed in the acute and subchronic tests.</p> <p><strong>Conlclusion: </strong>This 1,3-bis(<em>p</em>-hydroxyphenyl)urea compound had an anti-inflammatory activity and relatively low toxicity.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.