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FIG 7 in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 7. Left lower tooth series in occlusal view with arrows indicating the vertical groove on the posterolingual face of p4 that divides the trigonid from the talonid: A, MN 206, Ozotoceros bezoarticus from Brazil; B, unnumbered specimen (teaching collections of UFMG) of Mazama americana from Brazil; C, LACM 155113, the holotype of Surameryx acrensis. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIG 6 in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 6. Left dentaries in lateral view: A, UFMG 6087, Odocoileus virginianus from Roraima, Brazil; B, unnumbered specimen (teaching collections of UFMG) of Mazama americana from Brazil; C, LACM 155113, the holotype of Surameryx acrensis. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIG 5. A in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 5. A, Plate depicting Dromomeryx from Douglass (1909) with white arrows indicating the Palaeomeryx fold. B, LACM 155113, the holotype of Surameryx acrensis in occlusal (above) and left lateral (below) views, showing the absence of the Palaeomeryx fold in this specimen. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIG 3 in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 3. Waldochoerus bassleri: A, USNM 513223, partial right mandible with m1–m3; B, USNM 513215, partial right mandible with p4, m2–3; C, USNM 515225, right palatal fragment with P4–M3 (M2 damaged). Dicotyles tajacu: D, MACN zool 8-X-97-4, left P2–M3, and E, right p2-m3. Scale bars = 1 cm.

FIG 4. A in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 4. A, Lateral view of the mandible of Tayassu pecari (MCN-M 2663). B, Posterior view of the left dentary of Dicotyles tajacu (MCN-M 3101). C, Lateral view of mandible of Dicotyles tajacu (MCN-M 3101). D. Occlusal view of the left side of the mandible of Tayassu pecari (MCN-M 2663); E, Occlusal view of the right side of the palate of Tayassu pecari (MCN-M 2663). F, Occlusal view of the left side of the mandible of Dicotyles tajacu (MCN-M 3101). Arrows: 1, the shallow post digastric sulcus; 2, the buccinator crest; and 3, the medially inflected angular process. Scale bars = 1 cm.

FIG 1. A in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 1. A, Sylvochoerus woodburnei, USNM 513221, partial left ramus with dp3–m2. B, Tayassu pecari, USNM 38447, mandible. Arrows: 1, ascending ramus overlapping part of m3; 2, difference in depth of the dentary bone below the toothrow. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIG 8 in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 8. Schematic section showing the characteristic main elements of the landscape in southwestern Brazilian Amazonia (lowlands). Modified from Latrubesse et al. (2010).

FIG 2. A in On the Supposed Presence of Miocene Tayassuidae and Dromomerycinae (Mammalia, Cetartiodactyla) in South America

FIG 2. A, Sylvochoerus woodburnei, USNM 205346, palate with complete dentition and portion of left zygomatic arch; B, USNM 513221, partial left ramus with dp3–m2. C, Tayassu pecari, USNM 38447, upper postcanine dentition (P2–M3), and D, lower left p2–m3. Arrows: 1, bunodont molar morphology described in the text. Scale bars = 1 cm.

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FIG. 1 in DNA Sequence Data from the Holotype of Marmosa elegans coquimbensis Tate, 1931 (Mammalia: Didelphidae) Resolve Its Disputed Relationships

FIG. 1. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of Thylamys cytochrome b sequences. Numbers at nodes indicate posterior probabilities (PP). Filled circles at nodes denote PPs equal to 1.0. Unmarked nodes received PPs less than 0.5. Within T. elegans, tips are labeled with country, region, specimen identifier, and, in parentheses, a GenBank accession number. The holotype of Marmosa elegans coquimbensis Tate, 1931, is in boldface type. For other species, tips of the phylogeny are collapsed and the outgroup is not shown. See appendix 1 for a full list of sequences included in the phylogeny. A full tree file corresponding to this topology is available on TreeBase (doi: http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S25505).

Fig. 13 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 13. Right calcaneus of Megacricetodon yei (IVPP V15350.27). A, medial view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view; D, distal view; E, dorsal view. Abbreviations: at, anterior plantar tubercle; CaA, calcaneoastragalar facet; CaCu, calcaneocuboid facet; Caf, the tubercle for the calcaneofibular ligament; ga, groove for the Achilles tendon; gfhl, groove for the flexor hallucis longus; gpl, groove for the peroneus longus; pp, peroneal process; sc, sulcus calcaneus; su, sustentacular facet; sust, sustentaculum talus; tub, calcaneal tuber.

Fig. 11 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 11. Right femur of Megacricetodon yei (IVPP-V15350.13). A, posterior view; B, lateral view; C, anterior view; D, posterior view. Abbreviations: ff, femoral fovea; gtr, greater trochanter; itf, intertrochanteric fossa; ltr, lesser trochanter; ptf, patellar fossa; tt, third trochanter.

Fig. 9 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 9. Right humerus of Megacricetodon yei (IVPP V15350. 2). A, lateral view; B, anterior view; C, medial view; D, posterior view. Abbreviations: bc, brachial crest; dc, deltoid crest; entepfor, entepicondylar foramen; le, lateral epicondyle; me, medial epicondyle; olecrfo, olecranon fossa; radialfo, radial fossa.

Fig. 5 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 5. Left mandible of Megacricetodon yei. A–C, occlusal, labial, and lingual views of IVPP V15349.23; D–F, occlusal, lingual, and labial views of IVPP V15349.24 show incisor in situ. Abbreviations: an, angular notch; capp, capsular process; conp, condyloid process; cp, coronoid process; imc, inferior masseteric crest; masf, masseteric fossa; mf, mandibular foramen; mnf, mental foramen; pf, pterygoid fossa; smc, superior masseteric crest; sn, sigmoid notch.

Fig. 7 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 7. Occlusal view of m2 and i1 of Megacricetodon (IVPP V15349.24). The box in A is enlarged in B. The arrow in B indicates the orientation of the wear striations.

Fig. 4 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 4. Upper cheek teeth of Megacricetodon yei (IVPP V15349.2, V15349.7, V15349.1). Occlusal view of upper cheek teeth showing variations owing to age and wear among individuals. Image B was flipped horizontally to facilitate comparison.

Fig. 6 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 6. Occlusal views of a left lower incisor and cheek teeth of Megacricetodon yei (A: IVPP V15349.23; B: V15349.25; C: V15349.24). Occlusal view of lower cheek teeth show variations owing to age and wear among individuals.

Fig. 1 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 1. SEM images of a left fragmentary maxilla with the M1 and two isolated M1s of Megacricetodon yei n. sp. showing variations. A, ventral view of the maxilla (IVPP V15349.9); B, occlusal view of a right M1 (V15349.3); C, occlusal view of a left M1 (V15349.10). Arrows point to labial spur of the anterolophule in both B and C. Abbreviations: inf, incisive foramen; sm, the oval patch for the superficial masseter; zp, zygomatic plate.

Fig. 8 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 8. Baculum of Megacricetodon yei (IVPP V 15350.1). A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, lateral view.

Fig. 12 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 12. Left tibia of Megacricetodon yei (IVPP V15350.22). A, anterior view; B, lateral view; C, posterior view; D, medial view. Abbreviations: fs, flexor sulcus; ltf, lateral tibial fossa; mm, medial malleolus; ptf, posterior tibial fossa; ptp, posterior tibial process; tcr, tibial crest.

Fig. 10 in A new species of Megacricetodon (Cricetidae, Rodentia, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of northern Junggar Basin, China

Fig. 10. Right proximal portion (IVPP V15350.7) and left distal portion (V15350.11) of the ulna of Megacricetodon yei. A, lateral view; B, medial view; C, lateral view; D, medial view. Abbreviations: ap, anconeal process; br, brachial ridge; cp, coronoid process; ole, olecranon; rn, radial notch; sp, styloid process; tn, trochlear notch.