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6,771 results for “freshwater”
Database of freshwater fish species of the Amazonia Region in Colombia: records from ichthyological collections.
<p>The database corresponds to an exhaustive review of freshwater from the Amazonia Region records from the catalogs of scientific reference collections from different institutions. </p>
Timing and synchrony of migration in a freshwater fish: consequences for survival
<p>Animal migration is one of the most spectacular and visible behavioural phenomena in nature with profound implications for a range of ecological and evolutionary processes. Successful migration hinges on the ability to exploit temporary resources (e.g. food) and evade threats (e.g. predators) as they arise, and thus the timing of migration is often regarded as a dominant predictor of individual migratory success.</p> <p>However, with the exception of intensively studied taxa (mainly birds), relatively few studies have investigated inter-individual annual and seasonal variation in migratory timing and performance, or tested predictions on how migration across high and low predation-risk habitats may exert selection on migratory timing. In particular, studies that assess the survival consequences of variation in migratory timing remain rare, which is most likely due to the logistical challenges associated with monitoring survival success and population-level characteristics simultaneously.</p> <p>Here, we address the above-mentioned questions using roach Rutilus rutilus, a fish that migrates from lakes characterised by high-predation risk into low-risk streams during winter. Specifically, we used individual-based tracking of roach in two European lake systems over multiple migration periods (9 and 7 years, respectively), to obtain highly detailed (year-round scheduling, repeat journeys and the fate of individuals) data on the variability/synchrony of migratory timing in spring and autumn respectively.</p> <p>We report seasonal differences in the variability of migratory timing, with lower variance and higher migration synchrony in spring lake arrival timing as compared to autumn lake departure timing. Furthermore, the timing of autumn migration is more variable across years than the timing of spring migration. Secondly, we find that later arrival to the lake habitat is positively associated with apparent survival from one year to the next, whereas we found no effect of lake departure timing on survival probability.</p> <p>These findings represent rare evidence showing how intraspecific variation in timing in migratory fish differs across years and seasons, and how variation in timing can translate into survival consequences for prey in systems characterised by high predation risk. </p>
Supplementary data for: Effects of thermal acclimation on the proteome of the planarian Crenobia alpina from an alpine freshwater spring
<p>Species' acclimation capacities and their ability to maintain molecular homeostasis outside of ideal temperature ranges will partly predict their success following climate-change induced thermal regime shifts. Theory predicts that ectothermic organisms from thermally stable environments have muted plasticities, and that these species <span>may be</span> particularly vulnerable to temperature increase. Whether such species retained or lost acclimation capacities remains largely unknown. We studied proteome changes in the planarian <em>Crenobia alpina</em>, a prominent member of cold-stable alpine habitats that is considered to be cold-adapted stenotherm. We found that the species' CT<sub>max</sub> is above its experienced habitat temperatures and that different populations exhibit differential CTmax acclimation capacities, whereby an alpine population showed reduced plasticity. In a separate experiment, we acclimated <em>C. alpina</em> individuals from the alpine population to 8, 11, 14, or 17°C over the course of 168 h and compared a comprehensively annotated species-specific proteome. Network analyses of 3399 proteins and protein set enrichment show that while the species' proteome is overall stable across these temperatures, protein sets functioning in oxidative stress response, mitochondria, protein synthesis and turnover are lower abundant following warm acclimation. Proteins associated with an unfolded protein response, ciliogenesis, tissue damage repair, development, and the innate immune system were higher abundant following warm acclimation. Our findings suggest that this species has not suffered DNA decay (e.g., loss of heat-shock proteins) during evolution in a cold-stable environment and retained plasticity in response to elevated temperatures, challenging the notion that stable environments necessarily result in muted plasticity.</p>
Effect of freshwater discharge from estuary dam on residual circulation in bifurcated channel
<p>Zip-files contain matlab m-files and raw data of transects data in Yeoungsan Rver estuary. The code was designed to analysis the changes from the raw data.</p> <p>During freshwater discharge.zip file contains data set with a freshwater impact from a estuary dam,</p> <p>Whereas during non-freshwater discharge.zip file contains data set without a freshwater impacts period.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Fig. 1 in A New Freshwater Gastropod Species Of The Genus Pseudamnicola Paulucci, 1878 From Algeria (Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae)
Fig. 1. Sampling habitat of Pseudamnicola thawintae sp. n.
Marine and freshwater planktonic ciliates differ in their thermal performance
<p><span>Predicting the performance of aquatic organisms in a future warmer climate depends critically on understanding how current temperature regimes affect the organisms' growth rates. Using a meta-analysis for published experimental data, we calculated the activation energy (E<sub>a</sub>) to parameterize the thermal sensitivity of marine and freshwater ciliates, major players in marine and freshwater food webs. We hypothesized that their growth rates increase with temperature but that ciliates dwelling in the immense, thermally stable ocean are closely adapted to their ambient temperature and have lower E<sub>a</sub> than ciliates living in smaller, thermally more variable freshwater environments. The E<sub>a</sub> was in the range known from other taxa but significantly lower for marine ciliates (</span><span>0.390 ± 0.105 eV) than for freshwater ciliates (0.633 ± 0.060 eV), supporting our hypothesis. Accordingly, models aiming to predict the ciliate response to increasing water temperature should apply the environment-specific activation energies provided in this study. </span></p>
History of the Giraffe Pipe locality inferred from microfossil remains: A thriving freshwater ecosystem near the Arctic Circle during the warm Eocene
<p>How will freshwater lakes in the Arctic respond to climate change, especially if polar amplification results in even greater warming at these northern latitudes? Deep-time analogs offer opportunities to understand the potential impacts of future climate warming on Arctic environments. The Giraffe Pipe fossil locality located in the Northwest Territories of Canada offers a window into the life of a thriving Arctic freshwater ecosystem in the Eocene under greenhouse conditions. The remains of an extensive deposit of microfossils, including photosynthetic protists (chrysophytes, diatoms and green algae), heterotrophic protists (euglyphids, heliozoans, paraphysomonads, and rotosphaerids), and sponges, were used to reconstruct the history of the ancient water body. The concentrations and diversity of chrysophyte taxa were extensive throughout the core, accounting for over 70 % of the microfossil remains. The ratio of chrysophyte cysts to diatom valves, with a mean value near 14 throughout the core, further emphasized the dominance of the chrysophytes, and given the high diversity of taxa the locality represents a "paleo-hotspot" for this eukaryote lineage. Based on the totality of fossil evidence, the waterbody within the Giraffe Pipe crater represented a series of relatively shallow aquatic habitats, with changing physical and chemical conditions and varying water depths. Five major zones were identified, each found to be stable for an extended period of time, but with distinct transitions between successive zones signaling significant shifts in environmental conditions. The study provides valuable insight into how Arctic freshwater ecosystems responded to past warm climates, and to the organisms that could potentially thrive in these environments under future warming scenarios.</p>
A paradoxical bias in knowledge about Norwegian freshwater fishes: Research efforts during 1980–2020
<p><span>Norwegian freshwater systems are in general species-poor. That is particularly the case for freshwater fishes. Only 32 species are considered native, whereas an additional 12 species are non-native. Some of the non-native species are also considered to be invasive and have negative ecosystem effects. Freshwater fishes are exposed to numerous stressors throughout their life cycle, many of which are of anthropogenic origin. In order to manage and conserve the diversity of fish there is a need for basic knowledge and understanding. Here I make an effort to review the published research on all Norwegian freshwater fish species during the 1980–2020 period, based on a standardized search on the Web of Science. Over 2000 relevant articles were retrieved and evaluated following the search. The research activity has been highly biased, with most research activity directed at a few species of high economic and societal value. Most work was directed at Atlantic salmon <em>Salmo</em> <em>salar</em> and brown trout <em>S</em>. <em>trutta</em>, and in general towards species within the salmonid family. Extremely little attention was directed at species such as the lampreys (four species) and sculpins (three species). Also, many species that have been listed on the Norwegian Red List during various time periods have not been given any particular attention. This lack of attention was also evident for most of the non-native species. The strong bias in research activity and lack of attention given to many species will clearly lead to difficulties in making appropriate management decisions. This is unfortunate, in particular at a time when climate change may lead to numerous ecosystem-level changes.</span></p>
Data from: Maternal diet influences fecundity in a freshwater turtle undergoing population decline
<p>Food availability determines the amount of energy animals can acquire and allocate to reproduction and other necessary functions. Female animals that are food-limited thus experience reduced energy available for reproduction. When this occurs, females may reduce frequency of reproductive events or the number or size of offspring per reproductive bout. We assessed how maternal diet affects reproductive output in adult female Murray River short-necked turtles, <em>Emydura macquarii,</em> from four wetlands in Victoria. We previously found that turtle diets differ in the composition of plants and animals between our study wetlands. In this study, we tested whether differences in turtle diet composition (i.e plants and animals) at these wetlands were associated with differences in clutch mass, individual egg mass, bulk egg composition, and hatching success. We found total clutch mass increased with maternal body size at each site. At sites where filamentous green algae were scarce and <em>E. macquarii</em> were carnivorous, females produced smaller clutches relative to body size compared to females from sites where algae were abundant, and turtles were more herbivorous. Individual egg mass, bulk egg composition, and hatching success did not differ across wetlands. Isotopic analysis revealed a significant positive relationships between the carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N) of the eggs and those of the mothers, indicating that mothers allocated ratios of carbon and nitrogen isotopes to their eggs similar to those present in their tissues. Our study suggests that at sites where females are more carnivorous due to a relative absence of algae, females produce smaller clutches but other aspects of their reproduction are not significantly impacted. The reduction in clutch size associated with differences in the availability of dietary plants and animals may have long-term consequences for <em>E. macquarii</em> and other freshwater turtle species that are experiencing population declines.</p>
Dataset: Stable oxygen and carbon isotopes in freshwater pearl mussels from ultrastructurally distinct shell portions
<p>Oxygen isotopes in stream water can serve as natural tracers of watershed dynamics. Freshwater pearl mussels provide δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>water</sub> estimates that overcome temporal and spatial limitations of instrumental records. The reliability of shell‑based δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>water</sub> reconstructions depends on understanding which shell layer biomineralizes closer to oxygen isotopic equilibrium with ambient water<em>.</em></p> <p>This dataset contains isotope data obtained from freshwater pearl mussel shells<em>,</em> as discussed in the article titled "Biologically driven isotope fractionation in ultrastructurally different shell portions of freshwater pearl mussels <em>(Margaritifera margaritifera):</em> Implications for stream water δ<sup>18</sup>O reconstructions".</p> <p>The dataset includes δ<sup>18</sup>O and δ<sup>13</sup>C values from field-collected and tank-reared bivalve shells, complemented by <em>in-situ</em> δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>water</sub> measurements from the tanks and shell growth rates of the tank-reared specimens.</p>
Data from: Environmentally independent selection for hybrids between divergent freshwater stickleback lineages in semi-natural ponds
<p>Hybridization following secondary contact of genetically divergent populations can influence the range expansion of invasive species, though specific outcomes depend on the environmental dependence of hybrid fitness. Here, using two genetically and ecologically divergent threespine stickleback lineages that differ in their history of freshwater colonization, we estimate fitness variation of parental lineages and hybrids in semi-natural freshwater ponds with contrasting histories of nutrient loading. In our experiment, we found that fish from the older freshwater lineage (Lake Geneva) and hybrids outperformed fish from the younger freshwater lineage (Lake Constance) in terms of both growth and survival, regardless of the environmental context of our ponds. Across all ponds, hybrids exhibited the highest survival. Although wild- caught adult populations differed in their functional and defence morphology, it is unclear which of these traits underlie the fitness differences observed among juveniles in our experiment. Overall, our work suggests that when hybrid fitness is insensitive to environmental conditions, as observed here, introgression may promote population-expansion into unoccupied habitats and accelerate invasion success.</p>
Multiple stressors simplify freshwater food webs
<p>Globally, freshwater ecosystems are threatened by multiple stressors, yet our knowledge of how they combine to regulate the structure and energy dynamics of food webs remains scant. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a large-scale mesocosm experiment to quantify the single and combined effects of three common anthropogenic stressors, including warming, increased nutrient loading, and insecticide pollution, on the network structure and energetic processes of shallow lake food webs. We identified both antagonistic and synergistic interactive effects on aquatic food webs. Overall, multiple stressors simplified the food web, elongated energy transfer pathways, and shifted energy flow from benthic to more pelagic pathways. This increased the risk of a regime shift from a clear-water state dominated by submerged macrophytes to a turbid state dominated by phytoplankton. Our study highlights how multiple anthropogenic stressors can interactively disrupt food webs, with implications for understanding and managing these ecosystems in a changing world.</p>
Data from: Species-environment sorting explains latitudinal patterns in spatiotemporal β-diversity for freshwater macroinvertebrates
<p>Understanding how and why β-diversity varies along latitude is a long-standing challenge in community ecology and rarely addressed in both space and time. We aimed to explore the spatiotemporal variations in macroinvertebrate β-diversity and their underlying drivers in eight biogeographic regions covering a substantial latitudinal gradient of more than 40 degrees. By combining β-diversity partitioning and distance decay of community similarity analyses, we found that subtropical β-diversity varies more in space relative to in time compared with temperate β-diversity, as we predicted. This is probably because subtropical β-diversity is shaped by species-environment sorting (SS), caused by habitat heterogeneity and species specialization, more strongly in space relative to in time than temperate β-diversity. Our study highlights the importance of SS in shaping latitudinal gradients of β-diversity in space and time.</p>
Figure 1 in Risk screening of non-native freshwater fishes in Yunnan Province, China
Figure 1. Map of the study (risk screening) area (Yunnan Province in southwest China)
The Interconnected Nature of Multiple Threats are Impacting Freshwater Biodiversity
<p><span>Freshwater biodiversity is in crisis across the globe: the significant extraction, modification, and pollution of freshwater resources puts these communities and systems at great risk. Here, using probabilistic network analysis, we show that globally and across all taxonomic groups and geographic regions, threats to freshwater species are interconnected and do not occur in isolation. However, we also find that species in higher risk categories are more acutely threatened by single, dominant threats as compared to species at lower risk of global extinction. Determining when and which species are threatened by isolated threats or a suite of co-occurring threats provides important information for designing effective freshwater conservation strategies.</span></p>
Using eDNA for monitoring fish and invertebrate biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems
<p>Global biodiversity is facing an extinction crisis leading to increasing pressure on industries to monitor their potential environmental impact. Relatedly, there is demand for more efficient biodiversity monitoring methods, resulting in growing interest in the use of environmental DNA (eDNA). Many questions, however, regarding the reliability of this relatively novel method remain, particularly for non-specialist end-users of the technology.</p> <p>Here, the use of commercially available (in the UK) eDNA assays for monitoring freshwater fish and invertebrate biodiversity was compared to conventional surveillance techniques. Samples were collected from different habitats, on varying spatial scales and using multiple sampling regimes to assess how eDNA results were affected.</p> <p>For aquatic macroinvertebrates and fish, more taxa were detected by eDNA than conventional surveys conducted in parallel, and for fish, all taxa detected by conventional monitoring were confirmed by eDNA.</p> <p>For aquatic macroinvertebrates, several species were only detected through conventional methods, and the number of families detected by eDNA was lower than for conventional monitoring at all sites.</p> <p>eDNA results varied significantly between sampling locations within lentic sites and, for lotic sites, with the number of subsamples collected.</p> <p>In terms of practical implications, this study demonstrates the need for bespoke sampling protocols when collecting eDNA samples. This study improves understanding of using eDNA for detecting aquatic taxa that could inform species surveillance protocols. These are essential if eDNA is to be used by practitioners as a regulatory monitoring tool.</p>
Fig 1 in Sub-lethal toxic effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl ) on freshwater murrel Channa punctata (BLOCH)
Fig 1: Channa punctata
Fig 3 in Sodium fluoride induce alterations in glycogen metabolism in freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.)
Fig 3: Effect of NaF on testis tissue glycogen content
Fig 2 in Sodium fluoride induce alterations in glycogen metabolism in freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.)
Fig 2: Effect of NaF on liver tissue glycogen content
Roles of Upwelling on the Dynamics and Freshwater Transport of a River Plume over the Inner Shelf_original
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