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6,170 results for “european”
Higher spring phenological sensitivity to forcing temperatures of Asian compared to European tree species under low and high pre-chilling conditions Datasets
<p>Winter chilling, spring forcing temperature and photoperiod are the most important drivers explaining the spatial and temporal variability of spring phenology in temperate trees. However, how these factors interact with each other on dormancy release and spring budburst date remains unclear and varies greatly depending on species. Our knowledge is also limited as to whether heat accumulation of forcing temperatures that trigger bud break in spring is a linear or non-linear process. Here, we aimed at experimentally quantifying the effect of chilling, forcing, photoperiod and their interactions on the budburst dates of nine different temperate tree species from East Asia (near Beijing, China) and Central Europe (near Zurich, Switzerland), including six phylogenetically related species (same genus). We conducted a full factorial experiment in climate chambers using two chilling (low and high, i.e., 0 vs. 56 days at 2C after sampling at the end of December), four forcing (5, 10, 15, and 20C), and two photoperiod (8 vs. 16 h) treatments simultaneously in Beijing and Zurich. We found that species growing near Beijing responded more readily to forcing conditions than species of the same genus growing near Zurich regardless of chilling treatment. Budburst timing of most species but European beech was marginally, if at all, affected by photoperiod. Furthermore, our results suggest that linear heat accumulation, as commonly used with the growing degree hours (GDH) model, could result in accurate prediction of budburst date depending on the temperature threshold used as a basis for heat accumulation. Our results also demonstrate the important role of chilling in shaping the sensitivity and rate of forcing accumulation to trigger budburst and suggest that species-specific sigmoid relationship for accumulating heat that accounts for prior chilling exposure may yield better predictions of budburst dates. Our results suggest that deciduous trees may have adapted their chilling and forcing requirements in regards to the predictability of winter-spring transition and late spring frosts. A less predictable winter-spring transition, as observed in Central Europe, could have driven species evolution towards higher chilling and forcing requirements compared to species growing in a more predictable climate of Northeastern Asia. Our cross-continental experiment therefore suggests that the spring phenology of East Asian species is tighter coupled to spring forcing temperature than Central European forests.</p>
Data from: A mix of old British and modern European breeds: Genomic prediction of breed composition of smallholder pigs in Uganda
<p>Pig herds in Africa comprise genotypes ranging from local ecotypes to commercial breeds. Many animals are composites of these two types and the best levels of crossbreeding for particular production systems are largely unknown. These pigs are managed without structured breeding programs and inbreeding is potentially limiting. The objective of this study was to quantify ancestry contributions and inbreeding levels in a population of smallholder pigs in Uganda. The study was set in the districts of Hoima and Kamuli in Uganda and involved 422 pigs. Pig hair samples were taken from adult and growing pigs in the framework of a longitudinal study investigating productivity and profitability of smallholder pig production. The samples were genotyped using the porcine GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 50K SNP Chip. The SNP data was analyzed to infer breed ancestry and autozygosity of the Uganda pigs. The results showed that exotic breeds (modern European and old British) contributed an average of 22.8% with a range of 2–50% while "local" blood contributed 69.2% (36.9–95.2%) to the ancestry of the pigs. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) greater than 2 megabase (Mb) quantified the average genomic inbreeding coefficient of the pigs as 0.043. The scarcity of long ROH indicated low recent inbreeding. We conclude that the genomic background of the pig population in the study is a mix of old British and modern pig ancestries. Best levels of admixture for smallholder pigs are yet to be determined, by linking genotypes and phenotypic records.</p>
Estimated densities of activity from: Characterising diel activity patterns to design conservation measures: Case study of European bat species
<p>Estimated densities of activity calculated in <em>"Characterising diel activity patterns to design conservation measures: case study of European bat species"</em> (see Materials and Methods for more information on these calculations).</p> <p>The files named "<em>densitiyAllYear</em>" correspond to the estimated densities based on our entire dataset.</p> <p>The files named "<em>densitiySpring</em>" correspond to the estimated densities based on a subset of our dataset comprising only monitoring carried out between 1 March and 21 June.</p> <p>The files named "<em>densitiySummer</em>" correspond to the estimated densities based on a subset of our dataset comprising only monitoring carried out between 22 June and 21 August.</p> <p>The files named "<em>densitiyAutumn</em>" correspond to the estimated densities based on a subset of our dataset comprising only monitoring carried out between 22 August and 31 October.</p> <p>The first column of each file (<em>"PercentageNight"</em>) corresponds to the percentage of the night elapsed (0 % = sunset time, 100 % = sunrise time), the second to the estimated activity density (<em>"Density"</em>).</p>
COVID-19 Impact on European Higher Education Survey Data
<p>This dataset consists of the results of the first European-Union-wide survey on the potential long-term impacts of COVID-19 on higher education (Huth, M. & Cominola, A., 2022 forthcoming), evaluating over 800 responses from students and faculty members of higher education institutions located in 17 different European countries. The data consists of variables related to the actual pre-pandemic, pandemic and intended future frequency of use of various educational tools and formats, as well as students and faculty members' attitude toward retaining digital teaching formats and media post-pandemic. The data is shared in SPSS file format (.sav) and as a .CSV file. A detailed item bank label overview is attached in excel format. The attitude related items consists of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) construct variables following items used by Rizun et al. (2021) and Vladova et al. (2021). Following guidelines (Hair et al. 2019; Henseler, Ringle, and Sarstedt 2015) to establish discriminant validity before analysing the TAM variables in a structural equation model, the objective had to be disregarded. The data might still yield interesting descriptive insights nonetheless, which is why they are published here along with the variables used in the forthcoming publication by Huth and Cominola (2022). </p>
PAN EUROPEAN RAIL NETWORK - Rail Baltica
<p>Rail Baltica demonstrator focus on deployment of autonomous drone flight command and controlled exclusively through cellular network. A drone as a service concept will be elaborated and demonstrated to be further incorporated in routine monitoring of Pan European railway infrastructure construction and exploitation stages.</p>
Data for: Foraging habitat and site selection do not affect feeding rates in European shags
<p>Igor files of depth, temperature and 3-axis acceleration of data-loggers deployed on European shags at Isle of May Scotland in late May-early June 2006. File name is bird ID. Information of all birds is in the Excel file "Shag2006Birds."</p>
New1_Korespondensi Propagation of Economic Shocks from the United States, China, The European Union, and Japan to Selected Asian Economies: Does the Global Value Chain Matters?
<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p> <p>A panel vector autoregression (VAR) model is employed to estimate whether growth shocks from the United States (US), China, Japan, and the European Union (EU) can be transferred to selected Asian countries. We examine 1) the effect of shocks through five channels: international trade, monetary policy, finance, global uncertainty, and oil prices; 2) whether a country’s deeper integration with the global value chain (GVC) enhances or decreases the effect of growth shocks from major economies more intensively than trade openness. We found evidence of the shock transfer from major economies to Asia through the five channels. The impact differs across countries depending on their participation in GVC; for example, the impact is high in Indonesia and low in South Korea. Moreover, Asian countries are more exposed to trade shocks through China’s trade channel than other major economies. Zooming in on the channels’ impacts, global uncertainty affects countries’ growth (e.g., Indonesia) more significantly than other channels (i.e., GVC); and Asian countries respond positively to oil prices in the short run but negatively in the long run.</p> <p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Foreign spillovers, global uncertainty, oil prices, global value chain, monetary policy, trade openness, globalization</p> <p><strong>JEL Classification: </strong>F44, F62, O53, E43</p>
Data for: Local conditions matter: Minimal and variable effects of soil disturbance on microbial communities and functions in European vineyards
<p>Soil tillage or herbicide applications are commonly us<span>ed in agriculture for weed control. These measures may also represent a disturbance for soil microbial communities and their functions. However, the generality of response patterns of microbial communities and functions to disturbance have rarely been studied at large geographical scales. We investigated how a soil disturbance gradient (low, intermediate, high), realized by either tillage or herbicide application, affects diversity and composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities as well as soil functions in vineyards across five European countries. Microbial alpha-diversity metrics responded to soil disturbance sporadically, but inconsistently across countries. Increasing soil disturbance changed soil microbial community composition at the European level. However, the effects of soil disturbance on the variation of microbial communities were smaller compared to the effects of location and soil covariates. Microbial respiration was consistently impaired by soil disturbance, while effects on decomposition of organic substrates were inconsistent and showed positive and negative responses depending on the respective country. </span><span>Therefore, we conclude that it is difficult to extrapolate results from one locality to others because microbial communities and environmental conditions vary strongly over larger geographical scales.</span><span> </span></p>
Long term photo - identification of european seabass
<p>Identification of individuals of european seabass. Long term identification, two data collection of 32 seabass. Original and processed data. Data were collected in HCMR, Greece.The long-term scenario - for proving the stability of the visible features on the fish body for the identification of the fish during the long-term cultivation period. We used 32 fish individuals of seabass during 3 months experiment. Data were collected two times during this time. 32 fish were tagged for long-term identification. Trovan, 2 x 11.5 mm, ISO 11784/85 FDX-B PIT stages were used for tagging.</p>
Non - invasive identication of individuals of European seabass Dicentrarchus labrax (short term)
<p>The precision fish farming concept has been widely investigated in research and is highly desirable in aquaculture because it creates opportunities for precisely controlling and monitoring fish cultivation processes and increasing fish welfare. The automatic identification of individual fish could be one of the keys to enabling individual fish treatment. In a previous study, we already demonstrated that the visible patterns on a fish’s body can be used for the non-invasive individual identification of fishes from the same species (with obvious skin patterns, such as salmonids) over long-term periods. The aim of this study was to verify the possibility of using fully-automatic non-invasive photo-identification of individual fish based on natural marks on the fish’s body without any obvious skin patterns. This approach is an alternative to stressful invasive tagging and marking techniques. Scale patterns on the body and operculum, as well as lateral line shapes, were used as discriminative features for the identification of individuals in a closed group of fish. We used the European seabass <em>Dicentrarchus labrax</em>. The identification method was tested on two separate short-term data sets (pattern variability test) and two long-term data sets (pattern stability test) for European seabass (300 individual fish). The accuracy of classification was 100% for both the short-term and long-term experiments. According to these results, the methods used for automatic non-invasive image-based individual-fish identification can also be used for fish species without obvious skin patterns.</p>
Wader breeding densities across European habitats
<div> <p>Wading birds can be found breeding in a myriad of habitats and ecosystems across Europe that vary widely in their land-use intensity. Over the past few decades, wader breeding populations have declined steeply in habitats ranging from natural undisturbed ecosystems to intensively managed farmland. Most conservation science has focused on factors determining local population size and trends which leave cross-continental patterns and the associated consequences for large-scale conservation strategies unexplored. Here, we review the key factors underlying population decline. We find land-use intensification in western Europe and mostly agricultural extensification and abandonment in northern, central and eastern Europe to be important drivers. Additionally, predation seems to have increased throughout the breeding range and across all habitats. Using collected breeding density data from published and grey literature, we explore habitat specificity of wader species and, of the most widely distributed species, how breeding densities change across a land-use intensity gradient. We found that two-thirds of all examined wader species have relatively narrow breeding habitat preferences, mostly in natural and undisturbed ecosystems, while the remaining species occurred in most or all habitats. The most widespread generalist species (black-tailed godwit, northern lapwing, common redshank, Eurasian oystercatcher, common snipe and ruff) demonstrated peak breeding densities at different positions along the land-use intensity gradient. To conserve both diverse wader communities and viable meta-populations of species, a diversity of habitats should be targeted ranging in land-use intensity from natural ecosystems to medium-intensity farmland. Alongside, strategies should be designed to moderate predation of wader clutches and chicks.</p> </div>
Orchid-mycorrhizal fungi interactions reveal a duality in their network structure in two European regions differing in climate
<p><span>Network analysis is an effective tool to describe and quantify the ecological interactions between plants and root-associated fungi.</span><span> Mycoheterotrophic plants, such as orchids, critically rely on mycorrhizal fungi for nutrients to survive, therefore, investigating the structure of those intimate interactions brings new insights into the plant community assembly and coexistence. So far, there is little consensus on the structure of those interactions, described either as nested (generalist interactions), modular (highly specific interactions) or of both topologies. Biotic factors (e.g., mycorrhizal specificity) were shown to influence the network structure, while there is less evidence of abiotic factor effects. By</span><span> using next-generation sequencing of the orchid mycorrhizal fungal (OMF) community associated with 238 plant individuals belonging to 17 orchid species, we assessed the structure of four orchid-OMF networks in two European regions under contrasting climatic conditions (Mediterranean vs Continental).</span> <span>Each network contained four to 12 co-occurring orchid species, including up to eight species shared among the sites</span><span>. All four networks were both nested and modular, and fungal communities were different between co-occurring orchid species, despite multiple sharing of fungi across some orchids. Co-occurring orchid species growing in Mediterranean climates were associated with more dissimilar fungal communities, consistent with a greater modular structure compared to the Continental ones. The OMF diversity was comparable among orchid species since most orchids were associated with multiple rarer fungi and with only a few highly dominant ones in the roots. Our results provide useful highlights on potential factors involved in structuring plant-mycorrhizal fungi interactions in different climatic conditions.</span></p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021 – Portugal
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1729. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/172. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2021 AMR data collection: Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021 – Sweden
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1729. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/172. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods, as well as the voluntary reporting of and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2021 AMR data collection: National Veterinary Institute, Swedish Zoonosis Centre</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021 – Poland
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1729. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/172. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods, as well as the voluntary reporting of and Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2021 AMR data collection: National Veterinary Research Institute</p>
2021aggregated dataset submitted on the negative results for extended-spectrum b-lactamase(ESBL) and the carbapenemase-producers - complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food 2020/2021
<p>Data provided by the Member States on the 2021 on the negative results for extended-spectrum b-lactamase(ESBL) and the carbapenemase-producers - complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food 2020/2021.</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021 – The Netherlands
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1729. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/172. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2021 AMR data collection: Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021 – Slovenia
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1729. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/172. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2021 AMR data collection: Ministry for Agriculture, Forestry and Food</p>
2021 MRSA Prevalence - complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food 2020/2021
<p>Data provided by the Member States on the 2021 MRSA Prevalence - complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food 2020/2021.</p>
Antimicrobial resistance monitoring results complementing the European Union Summary Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food in 2020/2021 – Slovakia
<p>This dataset contains AMR monitoring results in animals and food at the isolate level pursuant to Article 9 of Directive 2003/99/EC and to Annex, part B, of Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/1729. In addition, the dataset includes any other results from isolates than the ones mentioned in the Commission implementing Decision (EU) 2020/172. The quantitative minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data from dilution methods are included.</p> <p>Reporting authorities contributing to 2021 AMR data collection: State Veterinary and Food Institute</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.