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Figs 21–25 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 21–25. Prestonella radulae: (21–24) P. nuptialis (NMSA V9778): (21) central field and inner marginals (rachidian and laterals numbered), scale bar = 50 µm; (22) rachidian (R) and inner laterals, scale bar = 25 µm; (23) outer marginals, scale bar = 25 µm; (24) latero-marginal transition, scale bar = 25 µm; (25) P. bowkeri (NMSA V9816) latero-marginal transition, scale bar = 25 µm.

Figs 12–15 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 12–15. Prestonella nuptialis (Melvill & Ponsonby, 1894) and P. quadingensis Connolly, 1932: (12) P. nuptialis holotype, length 11.5 mm (BMNH 1905.1.26.29); (13) undamaged specimen, Cradock, length 13.3 mm (NMSA 1592); (14) P. quadingensis holotype, length 12.2 mm (NMSA J8135/T2835); (15) paratype, length 11.4 mm (BMNH 1937.12.30.7079-80).

Figs 2–6 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 2–6. Prestonella bowkeri (Sowerby, 1890): (2) lectotype of Bulimus (Mesembrinus?) bowkeri Sowerby, 1890, length 19.5 mm (BMNH 89.11.4.9); (3) fresh specimen, Glen Avon Falls, length 18.5 mm (NMSA V9816); (4) eroded specimen, Glen Avon Falls, length 20.5 mm (NMSA 2977); (5) Beaufort West specimen, length 17.7 mm (SAM A8171); (6) side view, length 20.5 mm (NMSA 2977).

Fig. 1 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Fig. 1. Distribution of Prestonella. The genus is endemic to southern Africa, occurring in south-western Lesotho and along the southern edge of the Great Escarpment in South Africa (1000–1750 m a.s.l.); contour at 1000 m, showing approximate position of Great Escarpment.

Figs 7, 8 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 7, 8. Prestonella protoconchs: (7) P. bowkeri, Nuweveldberg, Beaufort West (SAM, A8171); (8) P. nuptialis, protoconch. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Figs 19, 20 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 19, 20. Prestonella bowkeri and Prestonella nuptialis, living specimens: (19) P. bowkeri, shell length 18.0 mm, Glen Avon Falls (NMSA V9816); (20) P. nuptialis, shell length 13.0 mm, Fenella Falls (NMSA W5507).

Figs 17, 18 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 17, 18. Habitat of Prestonella nuptialis, Elandsberg, Cradock: (17) Elandsberg with its summit in cloud, on a day when no rainfall was recorded in the surrounding landscape; (18) vertical rock faces near summit, with crevices and overhangs in which the species lives.

Figs 10, 11 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 10, 11. Habitat of Prestonella bowkeri, above Glen Avon falls, Somerset East: (10) flat river bed with near vertical rock wall on south-facing bank, (11) cluster of more than 100 individuals under an overhang in the rock wall.

Figs 27, 28 in Revision of the genus Prestonella (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea: Bulimulidae s. l.), a distinctive component of the African land snail fauna

Figs 27, 28. Prestonella nuptialis (NMSA V9778): (27) pulmonary anatomy (abbreviations: an – anus, aur – auricle, int – intestine, kid – kidney, pc – pericardium, pn – pneumostome, pu – primary ureter, pv – pulmonary vein, rec – rectum, su – secondary ureter, urp – ureteric pore, ven – ventricle); (28) genital anatomy (abbreviations: alb – albumen gland, bc – bursa copulatrix, eph – epiphallus, flg – flagellum, ga – genital atrium, hd – hermaphrodite duct, od – oviduct, ot – ovotestis, pen – penis, pr – prostate gland, prm – penis retractor muscle, vd – vas deferens).

Fig. 70 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 70. Vaceuchelus species examined for comparison: (A, B) Euchelus cavernosus Sowerby, 1905, one of three syntypes, specimen marked with an X, Sri Lanka, length 7.2 mm, diameter 7.0 mm (NHMUK 1905.10.23.6–8); (C, D) Monodonta clathrata A. Adams, 1853, one of three syntypes, Bohol, Philippines, length 9.3 mm, diameter 7.8 mm (NHMUK 196868); (E–G) Euchelus favosus Melvill & Standen, 1896, figured syntype (here designated as lectotype) length 2.63 mm, diameter 2.60 mm (MMUM EE.3734, McGhie 2008). Not to scale, E–G enlarged relative to A–D.

Fig. 69 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 69. Herpetopoma species examined for comparison: (A, B) Euchelus corrugatus Pease, 1861, lectotype (designated Kay 1965: 58), Sandwich Islands [Hawaii], length 3.8 mm, diameter 3.7 mm (NHMUK 1962821); (C, D) Euchelus fimbriatus Pease, 1861, holotype, Sandwich Islands [Hawaii], length 3.7 mm, diameter 3.6 mm (NHMUK 1962823); (E, F) Diloma verruca Gould, 1861, lectotype (designated Johnson 1964: 167), Coral Seas, China, length 3.2, diameter 2.7 mm (USNM 420).

Fig. 71 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 71. Perrinia species examined for comparison: (A, B) Turcica chinensis Sowerby, 1888, syntype, China, length 23.7 mm, diameter 20.1 mm (NHMUK 1889.2.1.5) [one of two original specimens, the other in NMW 1955.158.00996]; Thalotia maculata Brazier, 1877, syntype, Darnley Is., Torres Strait, length 12.4 mm, diameter 10.2 mm (AMS–Macleay coll'n) (Ponder & Stanbury 1972); Calliostoma (Perrinia) squamocarinatum Schepman, 1908, syntype, Indonesia, length 6.1 mm, diameter 4.6 mm (ZMAN 3.08.084).

Fig. 68 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 68. Ascetostoma and Herpetopoma species examined for comparison: (A, B) Euchelus ringens Schepman, 1908, holotype, Sulu Archipelago, Indonesia, length 7.8 mm, diameter 7.5 mm [not length 7.5 mm, diameter 8.0 mm as given by Schepman] (ZMAN 3.08.092); (C, D) Clanculus crassilabrum Sowerby, 1905, one of three syntypes, specimen marked with an X, Sri Lanka, length 7.0 mm, diameter 6.4 mm (NHMUK 1905.10.23.41–43); (E, F) Monodonta exasperata A. Adams, 1853, one of four syntypes, Sibonga Is. [Cebu], Philippines, length 6.0 mm, diameter 6.5 mm (NMHUK 196875).

Fig. 66 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 66. Granata sulcifera (Lamarck, 1822): (A–C) Santa Carolina Is., Bazaruto Archipelago, Mozambique, maximum diameter 21.5 mm (NMSA J9645); (D, E) specimen with spotted colour pattern, Durban Bay, maximum diameter 18.8 mm (NMSA 5708); (F–H) lectotype of Stomatella articulata A. Adams, 1850, maximum diameter 19.0 mm (NHMUK 1968113).

Fig. 67 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 67. Granata sulcifera (Lamarck, 1822): (A) scratch-like adult microsculpture, Inhaca Is., southern Mozambique, bar = 100 µm (NMSA L1437); (B) protoconch, Mtwalume, KZN, bar = 100 µm (NMSA B8666); (C, D) radula, Santa Carolina Is., central Mozambique, bars = 100 µm and 25 µm respectively (NMSA K3084).

Fig. 63 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 63. Granata cumingii (A. Adams, 1854): holotype of Stomatella cumingii A. Adams, 1854, maximum diameter 31.1 mm (NHMUK 1968201).

Fig. 64 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 64. Granata cumingii (A. Adams, 1854): (A, B) Conducia Bay, northern Mozambique, maximum diameter 18.2 mm (NMSA L1440); (C, D) Kikambala, Kenya, maximum diameter 20.7 mm (NMSA F8740).

Fig. 62 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 62. Pholidotrope gloriosa sp. n., holotype: (A) granular juvenile microsculpture; (B) fine scratch-like microsculpture on last adult whorl; (C) protoconch. Bars all = 100 µm.

Fig. 65 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 65. Distribution of Granata species in the south-western Indian Ocean. Granata cumingii (circles) and G. sulcifera (triangles). Each symbol represents one or more records.

Fig. 60 in A revision of the Chilodontidae (Gastropoda: Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea) of southern Africa and the south-western Indian Ocean

Fig. 60. Distribution of Perrinia stellata in the south-western Indian Ocean. Each triangle represents one or more records.