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FIGURES 20–24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 20–24. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 20. Holotype, sagittal section of the sperm duct and seminal vesicle, showing the sperm bursting out of the sperm duct. Fig. 21. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla. Fig. 22. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through ovary and oviduct. Fig. 23. Holotype, sagittal section of the female reproductive system; anterior to the right. Fig. 24. Holotype, sagittal section of the sphincter.

FIGURES 18–19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 18–19. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 18. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 19. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.

FIGURES 45–47. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 45 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 45–47. Othelosoma simile. Fig. 45. Holotype, sagittal section of the penis papilla and the seminal vesicle. Fig. 46. Holotype, sagittal section through copulatory bursa, vaginal duct and penis papilla; anterior to the right. Fig. 47. Holotype, sagittal section through the copulatory system; anterior to the right.

FIGURES 13–17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 13–17. Othelosoma impensum. Fig. 13. Holotype, transverse section showing creeping sole, testes, and ventral nerve cords. Fig. 14. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section of the anterior end showing the dorsal retractor. Fig. 15. Holotype, sagittal section through pharynx; anterior to the right. Fig. 16. Holotype, sagittal section through prepharyngeal part of the body, showing the location of the testes. Fig. 17. ZMA V.Pl. 7251.1, sagittal section through copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.

FIGURES 6–8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 6–8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal.

FIGURES 9–12. Fig. 9 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 9–12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available.

FIGURES 1–3, 5. Fig. 1 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURES 1–3, 5. Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5. Othelosoma duplamaculosum, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes.

FIGURE 4 in Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species

FIGURE 4. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right.

FIGURES 13–15 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 13–15. Neelus cvitanovici sp. nov.: 13, antenna, dorsal view (subapical organite of Ant. IV enlarged); 14, retinaculum; 15, furca, posterior view.

FIGURES 25–26 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 25–26. Neelus lackovici sp. nov.: 25, male genital plate, Abd. VI st.—sternum, Abd. IV st.—sternum, nsneosminthuroid chaetae, av—anal valve mesochaetae, Μ.av—microchaetae of anal valves; 26, female genital plate.

FIGURES 8–12 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 8–12. Neelus cvitanovici sp. nov.: 8, chaetotaxy and arrangement of sensory fields on on thorax and abdomen, specimen from Markov ponor cave, sf 4–6—sensory field 4–6, ns—neosminthuroid chaetae, τ— τ-chaetae, * indicates variability in type of chaetae; 9, thoracal sensory field with τ-chaetae and 2+2 axial chaetae above s.f.; 10, posterior part of abdomen, specimen from Markov ponor cave, av—anal valve chaetae, Μ.av—microchaetae of anal valves, * indicates variability in type of chaetae; 11, Abd. IV-VI half-sterna; 12, tubus ventralis, lateral view.

FIGURES 4–7 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 4–7. Neelus cvitanovici sp. nov.: 4, head, dorsal side, anterior labral row enlarged, sf 1–2—sensory field 1 and 2; 5, maxilla, different views; 6, maxillary outer lobe; 7, ventral side of head with labium and connection of integumentary channels with linea ventralis.

FIGURES 27–28 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 27–28. Neelus lackovici sp. nov.: 27, antenna, dorsal view (subapical organite of Ant. IV enlarged); 28, furca, posterior view.

FIGURES 23–24 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 23–24. Neelus lackovici sp. nov.: 23, chaetotaxy and arrangement of sensory fields on thorax and anterior part of abdomen, sf 3–5—sensory field 3–5, τ—τ-chaetae; 24, posterior part of abdomen with s2 sensillum enlarged, sf 6—sensory field 6, av—anal valve chaetae.

FIGURE 1 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURE 1. Distribution map of the genus Neelus showing all records in Croatian caves, and type locality of N. klisurensis in Kosovo.

FIGURES 19–22 in Genus Neelus Folsom, 1896 (Hexapoda, Collembola) reveals its diversity in cave habitats: two new species from Croatia

FIGURES 19–22. Neelus lackovici sp. nov.: 19, head, dorsal side with anterior labral chaetae enlarged, sf 1–2—sensory field 1 and 2; 20, maxilla, different views; 21, maxillary outer lobe; 22, ventral side of head with labium.

FIGURE 5 in Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru

FIGURE 5. Dorsal and ventral views of the holotype of Phyllodactylus pachamama sp. nov. (ZFMK 90886). Scale bars represent 5 mm.

FIGURE 3. N in Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru

FIGURE 3. N-dimensional hypervolumes of morphological data show the position of the delimited species in the Phyllodactylus reissii group in multidimensional morphological space. Circles mark PCA-derived observations.

FIGURE 2 in Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru

FIGURE 2. Bayesian consensus tree of Ecuadorian and Peruvian Phyllodactylus based on 835 bp of mitochondrial DNA (12S and 16S rRNA). Node support in terms of Bayesian posterior probabilities is indicated by circles at nodes (nodes with a BPP ≥ 0.90 are white, BPP ≥ 0.95 are grey, BPP> 0.99 are black, values <0.90 are not marked). Outgroup (Phyllopezus maranjonensis) not shown for clarity. Results of the species delimitations in the P. reissii group are illustrated by vertical bars. Each bar represents a species detected by the respective approach. Coloration of the bars is according to the species resulting from the consensus of all species delimitation hypotheses.

FIGURE 1 in Applying n-dimensional hypervolumes for species delimitation: unexpected molecular, morphological, and ecological diversity in the Leaf-Toed Gecko Phyllodactylus reissii Peters, 1862 (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae) from northern Peru

FIGURE 1. Geographical distribution of the different clades of Phyllodactylus reissii and related species. Colors refer to delimited species (see Fig. 2). Insets show clades endemic to the inter-Andean valley of the upper Marañón River. Circles mark occurrence records used for climatic niche distribution modeling. Localities with a thick margin were also genetically sampled.