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15,707 results for “history”
Tracing Maize History in Northern Iroquoia through Radiocarbon Date Summed Probability Distributions Data
<p>These files contain the data used in the radiocarbon summed probability distribution and complementary analyses to create a history of maize (<em>Zea mays</em> ssp. <em>mays</em>) in Northern Iroquoia. Results piublished in:</p> <p>Hart, John P.. "Tracing Maize History in Northern Iroquoia Through Radiocarbon Date Summed Probability Distributions" <em>Open Archaeology</em>, vol. 8, no. 1, 2022, pp. 594-607. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0256">https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2022-0256</a></p> <p> </p>
Two-sex integrated population model reveals intersexual differences in life history strategies in Cooper's Hawks
<p>This site contains data files and model code for a dynamic nesting territory occupance model and 2-sex integrated population model for Cooper's hawks in Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, 2011 - 2020.</p>
Chameleon biogeographic dispersal associated with extreme life history strategies
<div class="t-landing__text-wall "> <p>This dataset contains data and code that support the results in Weil, S.-S., Gallien, L., Lavergne, S., Börger, L., Hassler, G., Nicolaï, Michaël P. J., Allen, William L. (2022) Chameleon biogeographic dispersal associated with extreme life history strategies (DOI<strong>: </strong><span>10.1111/ecog.06323</span>).</p> <p>We used species distribution, phylogenetic and life history trait data of 181 chameleons to determine the relationship between three traits (coastal distribution, body size, position on the fast/slow life history continuum) and past dispersal probability on an evolutionary timescale using trait-dependent biogeographic models.</p> <p>We found that all three traits were associated with past biogeographical movements. Lineages having coastal distributions and those with large bodies had higher dispersal probabilities. Interestingly, chameleons with either very fast or very slow life history were more successful dispersers than species with an intermediate strategy. Together, the three traits "coastal, large-bodied and extreme life history" form a dispersal syndrome.</p> </div>
Fig. 16. Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, natural history. A in Lycosa Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Lycosidae) of Israel, with a note on Geolycosa Montgomery, 1904
Fig. 16. Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, natural history. A. Feeding on Pyrrhocoris apterus (Linnaeus, 1758), Mt. Gilboa. B. At the opening of a turretless burrow, central Negev. C. Female with egg sac, Midreshet Ben-Gurion. D. Turreted burrow sealed with silk, Midreshet Ben-Gurion. Photos by I. Armiach Steinpress.
Dataset used in "Deep learning with multisite data reveals the lasting effects of soil type, tillage and vegetation history on biopore genesis"
<p>Please see the paper "Deep learning with multisite data reveals the lasting effects of soil type, tillage and vegetation history on biopore genesis" how the images were captured, manual counting was performed, training datasets were prepared and models were trained.</p>
Supplementary data for Plutniak, S. 2022. "What makes the identity of a scientific method? A history of the 'Structural and analytical typology' in the growth of evolutionary and digital archaeology in southwestern Europe (1950s–2000s)", Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology, vol. 5, 10.
<p>Supplementary data for Plutniak, S. 2022. “What makes the Identity of a Scientific Method? A History of the ‘Structural and analytical typology’ in the Growth of Evolutionary and Digital Archaeology in Southwestern Europe (1950s–2000s)”, <em>Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology</em>. vol 5, 10. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s41982-022-00119-7">10.1007/s41982-022-00119-7</a>.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data for Contrasting life-history responses to climate variability in eastern and western North Pacific sardine populations
<p><span>Massive populations of sardines inhabit both the western and eastern boundaries of the world's subtropical ocean basins, supporting both commercial fisheries and populations of marine predators. Sardine populations in western and eastern boundary current systems have responded oppositely to decadal scale anomalies in ocean temperature, but the mechanism for differing variability has remained unclear. Here, based on otolith microstructure and high-resolution stable isotope analyses, we show that habitat temperature, early life growth rates, energy expenditure, metabolically optimal temperature and, most importantly, the relationship between growth rate and temperature were remarkably different between the two subpopulations in the western and eastern North Pacific. Varying metabolic response to environmental changes partly explain the contrasting growth responses. Consistent differences in the life-history traits are observed between subpopulations in the western and eastern boundary current systems around South Africa. These growth and survival characteristics can facilitate the contrasting responses of sardine populations to climate change.</span></p>
Fitness of evolving bacterial populations is contingent on deep and shallow history but only shallow history creates predictable patterns
<p><span>Long term evolution experiments have tested the importance of genetic and environmental factors in influencing evolutionary outcomes. Differences in phylogenetic history, recent adaptation to distinct environments, and chance events all influence the fitness of a population. However, the interplay of these factors on a population's evolutionary potential remains relatively unexplored. We tracked the outcome of 2,000 generations of evolution of four natural isolates of Escherichia coli bacteria that were engineered to also create differences in shallow history by adding previously identified mutations selected in a separate long-term experiment. Replicate populations started from each progenitor were evolved in four environments. We found that deep and shallow phylogenetic histories both contributed significantly to differences in evolved fitness, though by different amounts in different selection environments. With one exception, chance effects were not significant. Whereas the effect of deep history did not follow any detectable pattern, effects of shallow history followed a pattern of diminishing-returns whereby fitter ancestors had smaller fitness increases. These results are consistent with adaptive evolution being contingent on the interaction of several evolutionary forces but demonstrate that the nature of these interactions is not fixed and may not be predictable even when the role of chance is small.</span></p>
Data from: Weedy and seedy: The rapid evolution of life-history characteristics in an introduced daisy
<p>Despite the importance of life-history characteristics in determining a species' success, we still lack basic information about some fundamental life-history elements found across the life cycle of introduced plants. Our study assesses rapid evolutionary divergence in life-history characteristics of the beach daisy, <em>Arctotheca populifolia,</em> by comparing introduced Australian and source South African plants and measuring eight key variables including seed mass, germination, reproductive output and survival. This is the first study that compares the life history of an introduced plant species with its single original source population, providing a precise and powerful method for detecting evolutionary divergence. We found that introduced <em>A. populifolia</em> has evolved a suite of weedy life-history characteristics in less than 90 years: the introduced plants use a live-fast die-young strategy of germination and survival and produce significantly more inflorescences and more seeds that germinate faster. This knowledge adds to the remarkable data that we already have on the rapid evolutionary divergence occurring in the morphology, physiology and defence of this introduced plant and highlights the speed and scope of evolutionary divergence possible in plants. To fully understand and manage the future of our plant species, we must consider their potential for ongoing change in key aspects of life history.</p>
Fig. 1. A in Agricultural Trichothecene Mycotoxin Contamination Affects The Life-History And Reduced Glutathione Content Of Folsomia Candida Willem (Collembola)
Fig. 1. A relative growth of Folsomia candida on the relation of the contaminated food; significant difference in mean B. Total reproduction of Folsomia candida in the contaminated
Text-fig. 4. Lepidocarpon cone in the process of disaggregating as part of the dispersal strategy of the plants. When preserved isolated, the sporophylls are assigned to the fossil-genus Lepidostrobophyllum. Refigured from Thomas (1981). Grovesend Formation (upper Asrturian – lower Moscovian), Kilmersdon Tip, Radstock Coalfield, UK; Natural History Museum (London) specimen V.60431. in Naming Of Parts: The Use Of Fossil-Taxa In Palaeobotany
Text-fig. 4. Lepidocarpon cone in the process of disaggregating as part of the dispersal strategy of the plants. When preserved isolated, the sporophylls are assigned to the fossil-genus Lepidostrobophyllum. Refigured from Thomas (1981). Grovesend Formation (upper Asrturian – lower Moscovian), Kilmersdon Tip, Radstock Coalfield, UK; Natural History Museum (London) specimen V.60431.
Supplementary Data for "The history of Cenozoic carbonate flux in the Atlantic Ocean constrained by multiple regional carbonate compensation depth reconstructions"
<p>The files on this site accompany the paper:</p> <p>Dutkiewicz, A. And Müller, R.D., in review, The history of Cenozoic carbonate flux in the Atlantic Ocean constrained by multiple regional carbonate compensation depth reconstructions, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.</p> <p>There are two zipped file archives:</p> <p>1) backtracked_sites.zip</p> <p>This archive contains two directories of backtrack site files, one for the North Atlantic and one for the South Atlantic.</p> <p>Each directory contains a set of files listing, by site:</p> <p>age(Ma), compacted_depth (observed)(mbsf), compacted_thickness (observed)(m), decompacted_thickness(m), decompacted_density(g/cm3), water_depth(m), tectonic_subsidence (since formation of crust)(m), decompacted_depth(mbsf) dynamic_topography(m) lithology</p> <p>The lithology classification follows the lithology classes defined in Muller et al. (2018).</p> <p>A second set of files contains:</p> <p>age(Ma), depth(mbsf), paleowaterdepth(m), dry_bulk_density(g/cm3), DLSR(m/my), carbonate(weight_%) CAR(mg/cm2/kyr)</p> <p>DLSR=decompacted linear sedimentation rate<br> CAR=carbonate accumulation rate</p> <p>2) regional_Cenozoic_carbonate_thickness_grids.zip</p> <p>This archive contains 3 folders with grids for modelled Cenozoic carbonate thicknesses for the South Atlantic, central North Atlantic and northern North Atlantic. They can be viewed with netcdf viewers like panoply, or plotted using the Generic Mapping Tools. The workflow for creating these grids can be found on GitHub:</p> <p>https://github.com/EarthByte/CarbonateSedimentThickness</p> <p><br> This site also contains a spreadsheet entitled "Dutkiewicz_Muller_G3_2022_model_data_summary.xlsx"</p> <p>It contains our model outputs including regional decompacted carbonate sediment volumes and thicknesses, depositional areas, carbonate carbon fluxes and carbonate compensation depths for the northern and central North Atlantic and South Atlantic.</p> <p>A video entitled "compacted_carb_thick_atlantic_66-0Ma.mp4" shows the Cenozoic evolution of carbonate sediment thickness in the Atlantic Ocean.</p> <p><br> References:</p> <p>Spasojevic, S., & Gurnis, M. (2012). Sea level and vertical motion of continents from dynamic earth models since the Late Cretaceous. AAPG bulletin, 96(11), 2037-2064. https://doi.org/10.1306/03261211121</p> <p>Müller, R. D., Cannon, J., Williams, S. and Dutkiewicz, A., 2018, PyBacktrack 1.0: A Tool for Reconstructing Paleobathymetry on Oceanic and Continental Crust, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 19, 1898-1909, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017GC007313.</p> <p><br> </p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Gildenhuys E, Ellis A, Carroll S, Le Roux J (2013) The ecology, biogeography, history and future of two globally important weeds: Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. and C. grandiflorum Sw. NeoBiota 19: 45-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.19.5279
Supporting information for species distribution modelling of Cardiospermum species using native range presences and global pseudo absences. (doi: 10.3897/neobiota.19.5279.app) File format: Micrisoft Word Document (doc).:
Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.
Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Gotfred Kvifte, <a href="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5587748">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5587748</a>. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, <a href="http://bionomia.net">https://bionomia.net</a> using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org">https://gbif.org</a>.
Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.
Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Gunnar Soot, <a href="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q124540283">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q124540283</a>. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, <a href="http://bionomia.net">https://bionomia.net</a> using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org">https://gbif.org</a>.
Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.
Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Wilhelm Ramm, <a href="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q97570173">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q97570173</a>. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, <a href="http://bionomia.net">https://bionomia.net</a> using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org">https://gbif.org</a>.
Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.
Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Oddkjell Bosheim, <a href="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q125291661">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q125291661</a>. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, <a href="http://bionomia.net">https://bionomia.net</a> using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org">https://gbif.org</a>.
Opposing life history strategies allow grass shrimp parasites to avoid a conflict of interest
<p>A conflict of interest occurs when parasites manipulate the behavior of their host in contradictory ways to achieve different goals. In grass shrimp (<em>Palaemonetes pugio</em>), trematode parasites that use shrimp as an intermediate host cause the shrimp to be more active than usual around predators, whereas bopyrid isopod parasites that use shrimp as a final host elicit the opposite response. Since these parasites are altering the host's behavior in opposing directions, a conflict of interest would occur in co-infected shrimp. Natural selection should favor attempts to resolve this conflict through avoidance, killing, or sabotage. In a field survey of shrimp populations in four tidal creeks in the Cape Fear River, we found a significant negative association between the two parasites. Parasite abundance was negatively correlated in differently sized hosts, suggesting avoidance as a mechanism. Subsequent mortality experiments showed no evidence of early death of co-infected hosts. In behavior trials, co-infected shrimp did not show significantly different behavior from singly infected or uninfected shrimp, suggesting that neither parasite sabotages the manipulation of the other. Taken together, our results suggest that rather than sabotaging or killing one another, bopyrid and trematode parasites tend to infect differently sized hosts, thus avoiding a conflict and confirming the importance of testing assumptions in natural contexts.</p>
Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.
Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Joseph Lauterer, <a href="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1707480">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1707480</a>. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, <a href="http://bionomia.net">https://bionomia.net</a> using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org">https://gbif.org</a>.
Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.
Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Anton Heimerl, <a href="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85207">http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q85207</a>. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, <a href="http://bionomia.net">https://bionomia.net</a> using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org">https://gbif.org</a>.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.