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35 results for “Abiotic drivers”
The Blue Carbon of Southern South West Atlantic salt marshes and their biotic and abiotic drivers
<p>Organic carbon stocks, salt marsh plant biomass, crab burrow abundances and diameters. This data was generated by sampling at 11 salt marsh sites along 3000 km of coastal line in southern SW Atlantic coast in South America. Organic carbon stocks and burial rates extarcted from other publications and used to update global estimates are also included with their respective references. Values of biotic and abiotic drivers included in the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to evaluate their roles in belowground organic carbon stocks.</p>
Data from: Abiotic and biotic drivers on tadpoles in seasonal rock pools of Western Ghats rock outcrops, India
<p>We assessed the influence of abiotic (pool size, monsoon progression) and biotic (predator abundances) factors on occurrence and abundance of three species of tadpoles by periodically monitoring rock pools in lateritic plateaus. The dataset generated from this study is published here. </p> <p>Species Coverage: <em>Euphlyctis jaladhara, Microhyla nilphamariensis, Polypedates maculatus</em>; four predator groups (Pisaurid Spiders, Crabs, Water Beetles, Dragonfly Larvae)</p> <p>Geographic Coverage: Devi Hasol plateu of Ratnagiri District, Maharashtra State, India. (16°44'–16°45'N; 73°25–73°27'E)</p> <p>Temporal Coverage: July, August, September (2022).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong></p> <p>Nighttime rock pool surveys were conducted for tadpoles of three species (<em>Euphlyctis jaladhara, Microhyla nilphamariensis, Polypedates maculatus</em>). Pools were monitored eight times during the study period between 1900–2300 hr, usually in clear weather, barring occasional rain incidences. The pool water was clear during all the observation occasions. For large (>1003 cm<sup>3</sup>) pools, the observer gently walked along the bank and scanned the pool to record all animals. Care was taken not to recount the same schools of tadpoles, and a red light was used while approaching the pool to avoid light disturbance. The observer enumerated tadpoles of the three species and their potential predators (fishing spiders, crabs, dragonfly larvae, and water beetles) by counting them using head and hand-held torch lights. Following microhabitat variables were recorded at four occasions: Pool maximum length and width (cm), water depth (cm) at three points, humus cover (%), submerged vegetation cover (%), and edge vegetation cover (%). The percentage covers of vegetation and humus were visually estimated. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Funding:</strong></p> <ol> <li>On the Edge (UK)</li> <li>The Habitats Trust (India)</li> <li>The Bombay Environmental Action Group (India)</li> </ol>
Data from: Strong links between plant traits and microbial activities but different abiotic drivers in mountain grasslands
<p>This dataset contains data and code that support the results in Weil, S.-S., Martinez-Almoyna, C., Piton, G., Renaud, J., Boulangeat, L., Foulquier, A., ... & Thuiller, W. (2021) Strong links between plant traits and microbial activities but different abiotic drivers in mountain grasslands (accepted in Journal of Biogeography).</p> <p>We used an extensive plant-soil dataset that covers 14 elevational gradients (between 1500 and 2800 m of elevation) distributed over the whole French Alps to analyse the spatial co-dependencies between the plant and soil compartments. We ran a Graphical Lasso that extracts the direct and indirect linkages between plant functional composition, soil microbial activities, and environmental conditions (local climate and soil properties).</p> <p>Our main results are 1) that plant traits are tightly associated with microbial activities, the former being driven by climate and the latter by soil properties; 2) that the dominance of specific plant traits was more important than their diversity to determine plant-soil linkages; and 3) that soil microbes invested strongly in nutrient acquisition in sites with conservative plant traits and reduced organic matter quality.</p>
Effects of temporal abiotic drivers on the dynamics of an allometric trophic network model
<p>Current ecological research and ecosystem management call for improved understanding of the abiotic drivers of community dynamics, including temperature effects on species interactions and biomass accumulation. Allometric trophic network (ATN) models, which simulate material (carbon) transfer in trophic networks from producers to consumers based on mass-specific metabolic rates, provide an attractive framework to study consumer-resource interactions from organisms to ecosystems. However, the developed ATN models rarely consider temporal changes in some key abiotic drivers that affect e.g. consumer metabolism and producer growth. Here, we evaluate how temporal changes in carrying capacity and light-dependent growth rate of producers and in temperature-dependent mass-specific metabolic rate of consumers affect ATN model dynamics, namely seasonal biomass accumulation, productivity and standing stock biomass of different trophic guilds, including age-structured fish communities. Our simulations of the pelagic Lake Constance (LC) food web indicated marked effects of temporally changing abiotic parameters on seasonal biomass accumulation of different guild groups, particularly among the lowest trophic levels (primary producers and invertebrates). While the adjustment of average irradiance had a minor effect, increasing metabolic rate associated with 1–2˚C temperature increase led to a marked decline of larval (0-year age) fish biomass, but to a substantial biomass increase of 2- and 3-year-old fish that were not predated by ≥4-year-old top predator fish, European perch. However, when averaged across the 100 simulation years, the inclusion of seasonality in abiotic drivers caused only minor changes in standing stock biomasses and productivity of different trophic guilds. Our results demonstrate the potential of introducing seasonality in and adjusting the average values of abiotic ATN model parameters to simulate temporal fluctuations in food-web dynamics, which is an important step in ATN model development aiming to e.g. assess potential future community-level responses to ongoing environmental changes.</p>
Strong links between plant traits and microbial activities but different abiotic drivers in mountain grasslands
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Effects of temporal abiotic drivers on the dynamics of an allometric trophic network model
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Investigating the biotic and abiotic drivers of body size disparity in communities of non-volant terrestrial mammals
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Allometry rather than abiotic drivers explains biomass allocation among leaves, stems and roots of Artemisia across a large environmental gradient in China
<p>1. Biomass allocation patterns reflect the adaptive strategies of plants growing in different environments, which is a central issue in comparative plant ecology and evolution. However, the factors underpinning specific allocation patterns across organs and the existence of general rules governing allocation remain contentious. Optimal partitioning theory (OPT) states that plants can respond to resource availability by allocating relatively more biomass to the organ that captures the most limiting resources to optimize growth. In contrast, allometric partitioning theory (APT) postulates that biomass allocation among organs is a power function of plant size independently of environmental variation. As phylogenetic and growth form constraints (e.g. formation of inert heartwood in tree clades) may also affect biomass allocation, comparison among and within closely related taxa of rather similar growth form may enable a more direct testing of which of these two theories prevails.</p> <p>2. To test whether OPT or APT was prevalent at wide geographic scale, we investigated biomass allocation patterns among leaves, stems and roots of 1022 plants of 63 Artemisia species (Asteraceae) collected along broad climate (annual mean temperature range -4.9 to 18.0 °C, annual mean precipitation range 193 to 1668 mm) and soil gradients (soil carbon content range 1.6 to 15.4 kg C m-2) in central and eastern China.</p> <p>3. There were strong allometric relationships among leaf mass (ML), stem mass (MS) and root mass (MR) at both inter- and intraspecific level. Moreover, the interspecific and intraspecific patterns were not different from general patterns for pooled plants, i.e. ML/MR and ML/MS, but not MS/MR, generally decreased with plant size. However, the three organ mass ratios were not responsive to broad climatic or soil gradients after the effect of plant size was removed.</p> <p>4. Synthesis. Our results generally support APT instead of OPT, suggesting that Artemisia plants have evolved an allometric strategy rather than relying on adjustment of allocation among organs to adapt to the broadly varying environments at the regional scale. For follow-up research, we hypothesize that the strong allometric constraints on biomass allocation should depend on strong physiological adaptive responses of the different organs of Artemisia to environmental gradients.</p>
Data from: A framework for simultaneous tests of abiotic, biotic, and historical drivers of species distributions: empirical tests for North American wood warblers based on climate and pollen
Understanding how abiotic, biotic and historical factors shape species distributions remains a central question in ecology, but studies linking biotic factors to continental-scale patterns remain scarce. Here, we present a novel framework for simultaneously testing patterns expected when abiotic, biotic or historical factors drive species range limits. We use ecological niche models to produce empirical estimates of the "Biotic, Abiotic, and Movement" paradigm (BAM diagrams), which previously had only been used theoretically. Based on climatic and pollen data, as well as explicit consideration of dispersal limitations, we implement the framework for a group of North American birds (Oreothlypis warblers) with clear habitat associations. Because the pollen-based predictor variables characterize vegetation, they represent biotic factors needed by each bird species. Although continental-scale patterns of distribution traditionally are attributed to abiotic factors, only one species matched the hypothesis of solely abiotic drivers. In contrast, pollen-based models indicate biotic drivers for two species, correctly predicting their absence in climatically suitable areas. These results highlight the feasibility of considering and quantifying potential effects of biotic interactions on species ranges, especial when interactions can be decoupled from abiotic factors. Furthermore, the availability of pollen data now and in the Holocene highlights the potential of these data to be used to predict range shifts of other organisms tightly dependent on particular vegetation types.
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of long-term wood decomposition within and among species in semiarid inland dunes: a dual role for stem diameter
<p>This is wood decomposition data conducted in an semiarid inland dune including mass loss, initial wood traits and k values of combinations between five diameter classes and four shrub species under different treatments including UV and litter position. We found that after 34 months of in situ incubation, the mass loss of buried woody litters was three times faster than those of suspended and surface woody litters (53.5 ± 2.7 %, 17.0 ± 1.0 % and 14.4± 1.2 %, respectively). In surface and suspended positions, litter decomposition rates were almost equally low and most mass loss was during the first two years, when bark was still attached and UV radiation had no significant effect on woody litter mass loss.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Abiotic and biotic drivers of tree trait effects on soil microbial biomass and soil carbon concentration
<p>Forests are critical ecosystems to understand the global carbon budget, due to their carbon sequestration potential in both above- and belowground compartments, especially in species-rich forests. Soil carbon sequestration is strongly linked to soil microbial communities, and this link is mediated by the tree community, likely due to modifications of micro-environmental conditions (i.e., biotic conditions, soil properties, and microclimate). We studied soil carbon concentration and the soil microbial biomass of 180 local neighborhoods along a gradient of tree species richness ranging from 1 to 16 tree species per plot in a Chinese subtropical forest experiment (BEF-China). Tree productivity and different tree functional traits were measured at the neighborhood level. We tested the effects of tree productivity, functional trait identity and dissimilarity on soil carbon concentrations, and their mediation by the soil microbial biomass and micro-environmental conditions. Our analyses showed a strong positive correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil carbon concentrations. Besides, soil carbon concentration increased with tree productivity and tree root diameter while it decreased with litterfall C:N content. Moreover, tree productivity and tree functional traits (e.g. root fungal association and litterfall C:N ratio) modulated micro-environmental conditions with substantial consequences for soil microbial biomass. We also showed that soil history and topography should be considered in future experiments and tree plantations, as soil carbon concentrations were higher where historical (i.e., at the beginning of the experiment) carbon concentrations were high, themselves being strongly affected by the topography. Altogether, these results imply that the quantification of the different soil carbon pools is critical for understanding microbial community–soil carbon stock relationships and their dependence on tree diversity and micro-environmental conditions.</p>
Biotic and abiotic drivers of coalescence asymmetry between soil and manure microbiomes
<p>The dataset includes bacterial and fungal OTU tables for all soil and manure samples after 180 days incubation, bacterial and fungal OTU abundance tables, the data for variance partitioning analysis, and the phylogenetic trees for calculating MNTD.</p>
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of long-term wood decomposition within and among species in semiarid inland dunes: a dual role for stem diameter
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Allometry rather than abiotic drivers explains biomass allocation among leaves, stems and roots of Artemisia across a large environmental gradient in China
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Abiotic drivers of co-occurrence and diversity patterns of Calopterygidae species in Amazonian protected freshwaters
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Abiotic and biotic drivers of tree trait effects on soil microbial biomass and soil carbon concentration
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Data from: A framework for simultaneous tests of abiotic, biotic, and historical drivers of species distributions: empirical tests for North American wood warblers based on climate and pollen
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Historical, abiotic, and biotic drivers influence contemporary lacustrine fish community composition in the glacial Lake Agassiz basin
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Data from: Evaluating biotic and abiotic drivers of avian community mobbing responses along urban gradients in Southern California
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Biotic and abiotic drivers of plant-pollinator community assembly across wildfire gradients
<p>1. Understanding how abiotic disturbance and biotic interactions determine pollinator and flowering-plant diversity is critically important given global climate change and widespread pollinator declines. To predict responses of pollinators and flowering-plant communities to changes in wildfire disturbance, a mechanistic understanding of how these two trophic levels respond to wildfire severity is needed.</p> <p>2. We compared site-to-site variation in community composition (β-diversity), species richness, and abundances of pollinators and flowering plants among landscapes with no recent wildfire (unburned), mixed-severity wildfire, and high-severity wildfire in three sites across the Northern Rockies Ecoregion, USA. We used variation partitioning to assess the relative contributions of wildfire, other abiotic variables (climate, soils, topography), and biotic associations among plant and pollinator composition to community assembly of both trophic levels.</p> <p>3. Wildfire disturbance generally increased species richness and total abundance, but decreased β-diversity, of both pollinators and flowering plants. However, reductions in β-diversity from wildfire appeared to result from increased abundances following fires, resulting in higher local species richness of pollinators and flowers in burned than unburned landscapes. After accounting for differences in abundance, standardized effect sizes of β-diversity were higher in burned than unburned landscapes, suggesting that wildfire enhances non-random assortment of pollinator and flowering-plant species among local communities.</p> <p>4. Wildfire disturbance mediated the relative importance of mutualistic associations to β-diversity of pollinators and flowering plants. The influence of pollinator β-diversity on flowering-plant β-diversity increased with wildfire severity, whereas the influence of flowering-plant β-diversity on pollinator β-diversity was greater in mixed-severity than high-severity wildfire or unburned landscapes. Moreover, biotic associations among pollinator and plant species explained substantial variation in β-diversity of both trophic levels beyond what could be explained by wildfire and all other abiotic and spatial factors combined.</p> <p>5. Synthesis: Wildfire disturbance and plant-pollinator interactions both strongly influence the assembly of pollinator and flowering-plant communities at local and regional scales. However, biotic interactions were generally more important drivers of community assembly in disturbed than undisturbed landscapes. As wildfire regimes continue to change globally, predicting its effects on biodiversity will require a deeper understanding of the ecological processes that mediate biotic interactions among linked trophic levels.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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