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Figure 3 in On the successful acclimatization of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Primorsky kray

Figure 3. Modelling of the ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North American habitats by the method of metric two-dimensional

Figure 3 in On the successful acclimatization of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Primorsky kray

Figure 3. Modelling of the ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North American habitats by the method of metric two-dimensional scaling using the Jaccard coefficient.

Figure 1 in On the successful acclimatization of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Primorsky kray

Figure 1. Dynamics of the population size of the Colorado potato beetle over the year of the research (population peaks are shown on average for Primorsky Kray).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Figs. 1A-E in Germination and acclimatization of Melocactus sergipensis Taylor & Meiado

Figs. 1A-E. Development of the morphology of Melocactus sergipensis seedlings. A. Micropillary hilum region (MH); B. Hypocotyl (Hyp), Integument (Int) and Primordial radicle (Prad); C. Hilum (H), Cotyledon (Cot) and hypocotyl (Hyp); D. Areola (Are) and Trichoma (Ti); E. Cotyledon (Cot), Epicotyl (Ep), Hypocotyl (Hyp), Root (Rad). Source: Bravo Filho (2016). Bars: Figs. 1A-D = 1mm; Fig. 1E = 1 cm.

opencc-zeroApr 2024View details →

Data from: Corals that survive repeated thermal stress show signs of selection and acclimatization

Climate change is transforming coral reefs by increasing the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves, often leading to coral bleaching and mortality. Coral communities have demonstrated modest increases in thermal tolerance following repeated exposure to moderate heat stress, but it is unclear whether these shifts represent acclimatization of individual colonies or mortality of thermally susceptible individuals. For corals that survive repeated bleaching events, it is important to understand how past bleaching responses impact future growth potential. Here, we track the bleaching responses of 1,832 corals in leeward Maui through multiple marine heatwaves and document patterns of coral growth and survivorship over a seven-year period. While we find limited evidence of acclimatization at population scales, we document reduced bleaching over time in specific individuals, primarily in the stress-tolerant taxa Porites lobata, indicative of acclimatization. For corals that survived both bleaching events, we find no relationship between bleaching response and coral growth in three of four taxa studied. This decoupling between bleaching and growth suggests that coral survivorship is a better indicator of future growth than is a coral's bleaching history. Based on these results, we recommend restoration practitioners in Hawaiʻi obtain outplants from Porites and Montipora colonies with a proven track-record of growth and survivorship, rather than devote resources toward identifying and cultivating bleaching-resistant phenotypes. Survivorship followed a latitudinal thermal stress gradient, but because this gradient was small, it is likely that local environmental factors also drove differences in coral performance between sites. Efforts to reduce human impacts at low performing sites would likely improve coral survivorship in the future.

Fig. 4 in Physiological and Biochemical Thermoregulatory Responses in Male Chinese Hwameis to Seasonal Acclimatization: Phenotypic Flexibility in a Small Passerine.

Fig. 4. Seasonal variation in dry mass (A), state-4respiration (B), and cytochrome c oxidase (C) in the pectoral muscle, heart, liver and kidneys of hwameis (Garrulaxcanorus) captured in either summer or winter in Wenzhou, China. Data are shown as mean ± SEM, *p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001.

Fig. 3 in Physiological and Biochemical Thermoregulatory Responses in Male Chinese Hwameis to Seasonal Acclimatization: Phenotypic Flexibility in a Small Passerine.

Fig. 3. Correlations between body mass and resting metabolic rate (RMR) (A), between body mass and EWL (B), between RMR and EWL (C), and between RMR and thermal conductance (D) in Chinese hwameis (Garrulax canorus) captured in either summer or winter in Wenzhou, China.

Fig. 1 in Physiological and Biochemical Thermoregulatory Responses in Male Chinese Hwameis to Seasonal Acclimatization: Phenotypic Flexibility in a Small Passerine.

Fig. 1. Minimum, maximum and mean ambient daily summer (July to August 2013) and winter (January to February 2014) temperatures in Wenzhou, China. Mean ambient temperature ranged from 31.3 ± 0.2°C in summer to 8.6 ± 0.4°C in winter.

Fig. 2 in Physiological and Biochemical Thermoregulatory Responses in Male Chinese Hwameis to Seasonal Acclimatization: Phenotypic Flexibility in a Small Passerine.

Fig. 2. Seasonal variation in body mass (A), resting metabolic rate (B), evaporative water loss (C) and thermal conductance (D) in Chinese hwamei (Garrulax canorus) captured in either summer or winter in Wenzhou, China. Data are shown as mean ± SEM, **p <0.01.

Fig. 5 in Physiological and Biochemical Thermoregulatory Responses in Male Chinese Hwameis to Seasonal Acclimatization: Phenotypic Flexibility in a Small Passerine.

Fig. 5. Correlations between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and state-4 respiration in the pectoral muscle (A), heart (C), liver (E) and kidneys (G), and between RMR and cytochrome c oxidase activity in the pectoral muscle (B), heart (D), liver (F) and kidneys (H), in Chinese hwameis (Garrulax canorus) captured in either summer or winter in Wenzhou, China.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

Data from: Novel approaches for assessing acclimatization in birds reveal seasonal changes in peripheral heat exchange and thermoregulatory behaviors

Using thermography and behavioral analyses, we found that heat exchange and thermoregulatory behaviors changed seasonally in chipping sparrows (Spizella passerina). Studies on seasonal acclimatization in birds have primarily involved metabolic measurements, few of which have investigated behaviors, and none have investigated changes in peripheral heat exchange. We captured chipping sparrows in the winter and summer of 2022 in Wilmington, North Carolina, and we collected thermal images of these birds at 15.0°, 27.5°, and 40.0°C. We found that heat dissipation through the bill and legs changed seasonally, but surprisingly both were higher in winter than in summer. We found that heat dissipating behaviors were more common in winter, whereas heat conserving behaviors were more common in summer, and that behaviors associated with resource costs (e.g., panting) or predation risk (e.g., bill tucking) showed the most distinct differences between seasons. Meanwhile, low-cost and low-risk postural adjustments (e.g., feather adjustments and tarsus exposure) did not vary as strongly between seasons but followed similar trends. The seasonal adjustments to behaviors suggest that non-acclimatized birds must use costly thermoregulatory behaviors more frequently than acclimatized birds. The use of thermography catalyzed the discovery of one completely novel behavior, and the first detection of a known behavior in a new species. Both novel behaviors aided in evaporative heat loss and occurred more commonly in winter, supporting the presence of seasonal acclimatization as evidenced by behavioral adjustments. These results provide novel insights to the process of acclimatization and suggest a role of behavioral adjustments in seasonal acclimatization.

publicApr 2024View details →

Data from: Corals that survive repeated thermal stress show signs of selection and acclimatization

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publicSep 2023View details →

Data from: Novel approaches for assessing acclimatization in birds reveal seasonal changes in peripheral heat exchange and thermoregulatory behaviors

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dryad36/100

Synchronization of seasonal acclimatization and short-term heat hardening improves physiological resilience in a changing climate

Summary 1. Animal survival and species distribution in the face of global warming and increasing occurrences of heatwave largely depend on how heat tolerance shifts with plastic responses at different spatiotemporal scales, including long-term acclimation/acclimatization and short-term heat hardening. However, knowledge about the interaction of these plastic responses is still unclear. 2. To understand how plastic responses at different timescales work together to adjust heat tolerance of organisms, we examined the effect of heat hardening on the upper thermal limits of an intertidal mudflat bivalve, the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta, for different seasons by using heart rate as a proxy. 3. We observed a stronger heat hardening response of S. constricta in warm seasons, implying that heat hardening worked synchronously with seasonal acclimatization to increase resistance of the clams to high temperatures in warm seasons. In warm seasons, heat hardening increased heat tolerance by 2-4°C and showed a 24-h temporal dependence, suggesting an adaptation to the diel fluctuation of thermal regimes in summer. 4. Furthermore, thermal stress resembling seasonal maximum environmental temperature induced stronger heat hardening effects, indicating that heat hardening is an essential plastic response to extreme hot weather, complementing seasonal acclimatization. 5. Our results suggest that high temperature risk can be alleviated jointly by seasonal acclimatization and heat hardening, and emphasize the importance of considering physiological plasticity on both long-term and short-term temporal scales in evaluating and forecasting vulnerability of organisms to climate change.

opencc-zeroJan 2021View details →

Fig. 2 in On the successful acclimatization of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Primorsky kray

Fig. 2. Population pyramid of the Colorado potato beetle in Primorsky Kray.

Figure 1 in On the successful acclimatization of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Primorsky kray

Figure 1. Dynamics of the population size of the Colorado potato beetle over the year of

Figure 8 in Contribution and acclimatization of the swarming tropical copepod Dioithona oculata (Farran, 1913) in a Mediterranean coastal ecosystem

Figure 8. Interannual variations of proportional ratio in female, male, and copepodits in autumn.

Figure 2 in Contribution and acclimatization of the swarming tropical copepod Dioithona oculata (Farran, 1913) in a Mediterranean coastal ecosystem

Figure 2. Seasonal changes of the sea water temperature and salinity values in the study area.

Figure 1 in Contribution and acclimatization of the swarming tropical copepod Dioithona oculata (Farran, 1913) in a Mediterranean coastal ecosystem

Figure 1. Sampling stations.

Figure 5 in Contribution and acclimatization of the swarming tropical copepod Dioithona oculata (Farran, 1913) in a Mediterranean coastal ecosystem

Figure 5. Annual mean abundance of D. oculata in autumn.