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31 results for “Acoustic repertoire”
Fig. 1. Residentmalependulinetitsreacttoplaybacksongandadummypendulinetit aroundtheirnest. Behaviouralresponsesincludedattacking, i.e in Acoustic Signalling In Eurasian Penduline Tits Remiz Pendulinus: Repertoire Size Signals Male Nest Defence
Fig. 1. Residentmalependulinetitsreacttoplaybacksongandadummypendulinetit aroundtheirnest. Behaviouralresponsesincludedattacking, i.e. peckingatthedummy, as
Fig. 2 in Acoustic Signalling In Eurasian Penduline Tits Remiz Pendulinus: Repertoire Size Signals Male Nest Defence
Fig. 2. SonogramsofsometypicalsyllabletypesofEurasianpendulinetits. Songbouts mayconsistofvarioussyllables (topandbottomsonograms) ormayincludemonotone
Fig. 3 in Acoustic Signalling In Eurasian Penduline Tits Remiz Pendulinus: Repertoire Size Signals Male Nest Defence
Fig. 3. Approachdistance (a) and % behaviouralresponses (b) towardsanintruderinre- lationtotheresidentmale'sownrepertoiresize. Behaviouralresponsesincludedcalling, singing, tailquiveringandattacking. Opencirclesindicateresponsesofchallengedresi- dentsonsmallrepertoireplayback, whereasfilledcirclesindicatethesamemales' respons- esonlargerepertoireplayback. Notethatpointsshownontheupperhalfregionof (a) represent males that were mostly present very close to their nest (15 m from the stimulus,
Cold call: the acoustic repertoire of Ross Sea killer whales (Orcinus orca, Type C) in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
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Data from: Phenotypic integration and the evolution of signal repertoires: a case study of treefrog acoustic communication
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Fig. 4 in Acoustic communication in the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus: evidence for an unusual large vocal repertoire
Fig. 4. Long grunt trains (LGT) were significantly longer (A), were made up of more grunts (B), but had similar grunt periods (C) than grunt trains (GT). Grunts in LGT had similar duration (D) and dominant frequency (F), but had a higher number of pulses (E) than grunts in GT. Medians and quartiles are depicted. Mann–Whitney tests,, P, 0.001;, P, 0.01.
Fig. 3 in Acoustic communication in the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus: evidence for an unusual large vocal repertoire
Fig. 3. During the present study, nesting Lusitanian toadfish males emitted sounds that have not previously been described such as triple croaks (A), long grunt trains (B) and combinations of long grunt trains with other sound types (C). In (C) a long grunt train (thin line) combines with a grunt train (double line) that ends in a croak (thick line), which blends into a boatwhistle (dashed line), which is then followed by another long grunt train (thin line). Note that in (C), the LGT is hardly visible in the oscillogram due its much lower amplitude than the other sounds. Sonograms used a 30 Hz filter bandwidth.
Fig. 2 in Acoustic communication in the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus: evidence for an unusual large vocal repertoire
Fig. 2. Mean percentage of the different sound types emitted per hour by 16 nesting males during one week in the peak of the breeding season.
Data from: Repertoire-based individual acoustic monitoring of a migratory passerine bird with complex song as an efficient tool for tracking territorial dynamics and annual return rates
In field ecological and behavioural studies, it is often necessary to identify specific individuals. In birds, colour rings are frequently used to mark individuals; however, rings are often difficult to observe, especially in small species and dense habitats. Acoustic-based monitoring detecting individuals by their characteristic vocalization is a potentially suitable alternative, but this approach is challenging in species with complex songs. On the example of the Tree Pipit (Anthus trivialis), a small migratory passerine often singing in flight or from perches obscured by foliage, we demonstrate that acoustic monitoring based on the syllable repertoire can be very efficient tool for individual recognition. During a 3-year study, we obtained over 500 recordings from males from one study population (a number of them returning after winter). Males banded with colour rings were repeatedly recorded throughout the seasons, and syllable repertoires were determined from spectrograms for each recording. The repertoire of each unambiguously identified male was distinct and stable within as well as between seasons; and males with similar syllable repertoires differed in syntax. Based on the congruence between identification based solely on spectrogram assessment, and that based on observation of colour rings, we inferred that reliable identification of singing males (including non-ringed ones) was possible in the studied population from assessing a repertoire and song syntax of <5-min recording (containing 20–30 songs). The acoustic-based data: (i) increased the overall estimated number of territorial males at the study locality (from 49 ringed to 61), and improved the estimates of the period of their presence; (ii) revealed dynamic within-season changes in territory occupancy that would otherwise be missed; and (iii) allowed identification of returning birds (including non-ringed ones and those actively avoiding approaching humans). Our results suggest that some commonly used methods may substantially underestimate return rates of migratory bird species. Individual acoustic monitoring should be applicable on various bird species with complex song and stable repertoires, and may be particularly useful for those living in dense habitat or sensitive to handling.
Data from: The relative roles of cultural drift and acoustic adaptation in shaping syllable repertoires of island bird populations change with time since colonization
In birds, song divergence often precedes and facilitates divergence of other traits. We assessed the relative roles of cultural drift, innovation and acoustic adaptation in divergence of island bird dialects, using silvereyes (Zosterops lateralis). In recently colonized populations, syllable diversity was not significantly lower than source populations, shared syllables between populations decreased with increasing number of founder events and dialect variation displayed contributions from both habitat features and drift. The breadth of multivariate space occupied by recently colonized Z. l. lateralis populations was comparable to evolutionarily old forms that have diverged over thousands to hundreds of thousands of years. In evolutionarily old subspecies, syllable diversity was comparable to the mainland and the amount of variation in syllable composition explained by habitat features increased by two- to three-fold compared to recently colonized populations. Together these results suggest that cultural drift influences syllable repertoires in recently colonized populations, but innovation likely counters syllable loss from colonization. In evolutionarily older populations, the influence of acoustic adaptation increases, possibly favoring a high diversity of syllables. These results suggest that the relative importance of cultural drift and acoustic adaptation changes with time since colonization in island bird populations, highlighting the value of considering multiple mechanisms and timescale of divergence when investigating island song divergence.
Supplementary material 1 from: Forti LR, da Silva TRÁ, Toledo LF (2017) The acoustic repertoire of the Atlantic Forest Rocket Frog and its consequences for taxonomy and conservation (Allobates, Aromobatidae). ZooKeys 692: 141-153. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.692.12187
The acoustic repertoire of the Atlantic Forest Rocket Frog (Allobates, Aromobatidae) and its consequences for taxonomy and conservation. : Explanation note: Here, we presented complementary methodology information and additional results with statistical differences of note duration among populations.
FIGURE 3 in Notes on the acoustic repertoire of Melanophryniscus klappenbachi Prigioni & Langone, 2000
FIGURE 3. Distress call of M. klappenbachi. Oscillogram illustrating the temporal structure (A), as well as oscillograms and spectrograms of two notes (B, C).
FIGURE 2 in Notes on the acoustic repertoire of Melanophryniscus klappenbachi Prigioni & Langone, 2000
FIGURE 2. Advertisement call of M. klappenbachi. Oscillogram and spectrogram of a typical advertisement call (A) as well as of an advertisement call composed of two different call types (B), which, however, was only rarely observed.
FIGURE 1 in Notes on the acoustic repertoire of Melanophryniscus klappenbachi Prigioni & Langone, 2000
FIGURE 1. Melanophryniscus klappenbachi; note the distinctive characters described in the text allowing a reliable identification of the species among members of the M. stelzneri group (A, B), pair in amplexus (C) and specimens in ventral view (D).
Figure 1 in Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits
Figure 1. Breeding site used by Paratelmatobius mantiqueira observed in Reserva das Araucárias, municipality of São José dos Campos, São Francisco Xavier subdistrict, state of São Paulo, Brazil. (a) In site I, the puddles used for breeding were always below rocks and contained the sandy substrate without organic matter. (b) The area of site I is permanently muddy and has a spring between rocks in a rocky outcrop that retains water throughout the year. (c) At site II, the puddle they used for reproduction was in a sandy substrate with more organic matter accumulation. In addition, it was not located under rocks as in site I.
Figure 3 in Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits
Figure 3. Tadpoles of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira observed in Reserva das Araucárias, municipality of São José dos Campos, São Francisco Xavier subdistrict, state of São Paulo, Brazil. (a–c) Sequence of a tadpole ingesting atmospheric air from bubbles. Tadpoles swam quickly to the surface of the water, captured an atmospheric air bubble and released it shortly after sinking to the bottom of the puddle. (d) Tadpoles foraged in any substrate in the ponds: under leaves, branches, and rocks. (e) Tadpole alive in the aquarium and (g) post-metamorphic.
Figure 4 in Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits
Figure 4. Reproductive behaviour of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira observed in Reserva das Araucárias, municipality of São José dos Campos, São Francisco Xavier subdistrict, state of São Paulo, Brazil. (a) Individual 30 of P. mantiqueira vocalising at the reproductive site: a small pond (3 cm deep) under a rocky outcrop. (b) Axillary amplexus of unidentified individuals. Note the female's darker colour pattern and larger body size. (c) Egg clutch with six eggs. (d) Tadpoles of P. mantiqueira in the puddle; (e) the same puddle with the spawning and the male of Bokermannohyla luctuosa.
Figure 6 in Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits
Figure 6. Rose diagram representing the occurrence of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira throughout the year. The length and direction of the arrow indicate the amount of data concentration throughout the year, showing that the highest occurrence concentration is distributed in the rainy season. The solid circle in the centre of the diagram indicates the Rayleigh confidence interval for the length of the arrow.
Figure 2 in Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits
Figure 2. External morphology of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira tadpoles at stage 40: (a) lateral; (b) dorsal; and (c) ventral view (scale bar = 5 mm). (d) Detail of spiracular aperture, with yellow arrows indicating neuromasts (scale bar = 0.5 mm). (e) Right nare with an elevated marginal rim (scale bar = 0.1 mm). (f) Vent tube (scale bar = 0.2 mm). (g) Open oral disc (scale bar = 0.2 mm). Tadpoles were stained with methylene blue to highlight structures.
Figure 5 in Filling the knowledge gaps of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira (Anura: Leptodactylidae): tadpole, acoustic repertoire, and life history traits
Figure 5. Call repertoire of Paratelmatobius mantiqueira. (a) The advertisement call is composed of pulsed notes, with varied pulse intervals (voucher specimen ZUEC-AMP 24836). Generally, a shorter pulse interval was observed at the beginning and ending of the notes. (b) While in antiphony, the advertisement call had an increase in call rate due to a reduction in intercall duration, notes per call, and internote duration. (c) The release call was composed of pulsed notes and had a visible harmonic structure. (d) The aggressive call had a high number of pulses per note and variable pulse interval.
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