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44 results for “Affective states”
Significant changes in bacterial communities associated with Pocillopora ingestion by CoTS: an important factor affecting the coral's health state
Coral ingestion by crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS) is an important cause of coral reef degradation, although the impacts of CoTS feeding on coral-associated communities are not well understood. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the zooxanthellae density (ZD), bacterial community composition, and microbial-metagenomic functional capacities associated with Pocillopora corals in healthy portions and feeding scars, following CoTS feeding. The ZDs were significantly lower in the feeding scars, and the ZD-loss rate was 92.05% ± 2.12%. The relative abundances of bacterial communities associated with corals after CoTS feeding changed significantly and were almost completely reorganized at the phylum and genus levels. Analysis of the microbial metagenomic-functional capacities showed that numerous physiological functions of the coral-bacterial holobionts in the feeding scars were diminished, including amino acid metabolism, xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism, lipid metabolism, membrane transport, signal transduction, and cell motility. Compared with the healthy portions of Pocillopora corals, the abundances of potentially pathogenic bacteria in the corals of feeding scars significantly increased, whereas those of beneficial bacteria significantly decreased. Our research showed that coral-zooxanthellae holobionts were destroyed directly by CoTS, and our findings imply that the large increase in potentially pathogenic bacteria in feeding scars could threaten the long-term health of Pocillopora corals.
Data and script for 'The relationships between exercise and affective states: A naturalistic, longitudinal study of recreational runners'
<p>Herewith R script and .csv raw data file for Bonham et al. 'The relationships between exercise and affective states: A naturalistic, longitudinal study of recreational runners'.</p>
Data from: Two stressors are worse than one: combined heatwave and drought affect hydration state and glucocorticoid levels in a temperate ectotherm
<p>Data sets from the paper: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243777">https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.243777</a> "Two stressors are worse than one: combined heatwave and drought affect hydration state and glucocorticoid levels in a temperate ectotherm" by Dezetter et al. 2022 ; Journal of Experimental Biology</p> <p> </p>
Simulated corn yield, drainage nitrate load and residual soil nitrate as affected by weather, management and soil-state at seven long-term US Midwest research sites
<p>This data set is the product of a factorial simulation experiment designed to quantify the impact of five environmental factors and five management practices on NO<sub>3</sub> leaching and yield in corn cropping systems. The simulation model used was the Agricultural Production Systems SImulator (APSIM; <a href="https://www.apsim.info/">https://www.apsim.info/</a>). Description of the simulation factors are provided in the metadata.txt file. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset of the article: "The social dimension of equine welfare: social contact positively affects the emotional state of stalled horses"
<p>Here are the data used in the analyses of the manuscript "The social dimension of equine welfare: social contact positively affects the emotional state of stalled horses.".<br>Experiment 1: Observations in the individual stall<br>Experiment 2: Observations during horse grooming<br>Experiment 3: Judgement bias test</p>
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States
<ol> <li>Recovering and maintaining large carnivore populations is a global conservation challenge that requires better knowledge of the factors affecting their populations, particularly in shared landscapes (i.e., non-protected areas where people occupy and or utilize the land).</li> <li>The Mexican wolf (<em>Canis</em> <em>lupus</em> <em>baileyi</em>) is an endangered wolf subspecies being recovered on shared landscapes in the Southwest United States and Mexico. We used data from the U.S. program to model population growth, evaluate the impact of management removal and illegal killing relative to other demographic factors, and test hypotheses about factors influencing rates of management removal and illegal killing.</li> <li>From 1998–2019, the population growth averaged 12% per year. Rates of natural reproduction, illegal killing, and other mortality remained consistent over the 22 years; while releases, translocations, and management removals varied markedly between two time periods, phase 1: 1998–2007 and phase 2: 2008–2019.</li> <li>The number of wolves removed for conflict management was higher during phase 1 (average ~13 per year, rate = 24.8%) than phase 2 (average of ~5 per year, rate = 5.2%). This decrease in management removal resulted in the wolf population resuming growth after a period of population stagnation. Two factors influenced this decrease, a change in policy regarding removal of wolves (stronger modeling support) and a decrease in the number of captive-reared adult wolves released into the wild (weaker modeling support).</li> <li>Illegal mortality was relatively constant across both phases, but after the decrease in management removal, illegal mortality became the most important factor (relative importance shifted from 28.2% to 50.1%). Illegal mortality was positively correlated with rates of reintroduction and translocation of wolves and negatively correlated with the rate of management removal.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>. Using management removal to reduce human-carnivore conflict can have negative population impacts if not used judiciously. Recovering and maintaining carnivore populations in shared landscapes may require greater tolerance of conflict and more emphasis on effective conflict prevention strategies and compensation programs for affected stakeholders.</li> </ol>
Premenstrual Hormonal and Affective State Evaluation (PHASE) Project
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03862469. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 23.
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States
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Significant changes in bacterial communities associated with Pocillopora ingestion by CoTS: an important factor affecting the coral’s health state
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Factors affecting the survival of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) embryos in upper and middle Columbia River watersheds, Washington State, USA
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Infection state can affect host migratory decisions
<p>Organisms across a wide range of taxa use migration as a strategy to avoid, reduce or recover from parasitic infection. Previous work has identified three different processes by which migration can help reduce infection risk and/or costs: migratory escape from infection, migratory culling of infected individuals, and migratory recovery from infection. However, most theoretical modelling of host migration in response to infection assumes that individuals have a single strategy during both infected and susceptible states, meaning an individual's state (susceptible or infected) is irrelevant to its decision to migrate. Here, we construct a model with two independent strategies of migration for an individual based on whether they are infected or susceptible, to study when the decision to migrate is favourable. We show that the best strategy for individuals of a given infection state is to either always migrate or never migrate. When infected and susceptible individuals differ in their migration strategy, this leads to partial migration at the population level (only some individuals migrate). Whereas previous theory showed that partial migration can be optimal in the face of infection, our work further parses out the contributors to partial or complete migration by determining which individuals in the population are involved in migration for different sets of conditions.</p> <div class="yj6qo"> </div> <div class="adL"> </div>
Effect of desk materials on affective states and cognitive performance: Datasets and processing code
<p>In this data repository, data related to the study <em>Effect of desk materials on affective states and cognitive performance </em>is deposited, and includes datasets and processing code.</p>
Data from: Nitrogen transformations differentially affect nutrient-limited primary production in lakes of varying trophic state
The concept of lakes "evolving" phosphorus (P) limitation has persisted in limnology despite limited direct evidence. Here, we developed a simple model to broadly characterize nitrogen (N) surpluses and deficits relative to P in lakes, and compared the magnitude of this imbalance to estimates of N gains and losses through biological N transformations. The model suggested that approximately half of oligotrophic lakes in the US had a stoichiometric N deficit, but almost 90% of the most productive lakes had a similar N deficit. Although reactive N appeared to accumulate in the most oligotrophic lakes, net denitrification perpetuated the N deficit in more productive lakes. Productive lakes tended to export reactive N via biological N transformations regardless of their N deficit. The lack of N accumulation through N fixation has important implications for our understanding of lake biogeochemistry, ecology, and eutrophication management.
Beaked whales and state-dependent decision-making: how does body condition affect the trade-off between foraging and predator avoidance?
<p>Body condition is central to how animals balance foraging with predator-avoidance – a trade-off that fundamentally affects animal fitness. Animals in poor condition may accept greater predation risk to satisfy current foraging "needs", whilst those in good condition may be more risk averse to protect future "assets". These state-dependent behavioural predictions can help interpret responses to human activities, but are little explored in marine animals. This study investigates the influence of body condition on how beaked whales trade off foraging and predator-avoidance. Body density (indicating lipid-energy stores) was estimated for 15 foraging northern bottlenose whales tagged near Jan Mayen, Norway. Composite indices of foraging (diving and echolocation clicks) and anti-predation (long ascents, non-foraging dives and silent periods reducing predator eavesdropping) were negatively related. Experimental sonar exposures led to decreased foraging and increased risk aversion, confirming a foraging/perceived safety trade-off. However, lower lipid stores were not related to a decrease in predator-avoidance versus foraging, i.e. worse condition animals did not prioritise foraging. Individual differences ('personalities') or reproductive context could offer alternative explanations for the observed state-behaviour relationships. This study provides evidence of foraging/predator-avoidance trade-offs in a marine top predator and demonstrates that animals in worse condition might not always take more risks.</p>
Factors affecting onion production: an empirical study in the Raya Kobo District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
<p>This is the excel data format covering farm household charactersitcs, plot characterstics and institutional characterstics and that support the findings of "<strong>Factors Affecting Onion Production: an Empirical Study in the Raya Kobo District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia".</strong></p> <p> </p>
Data from: Central place foragers and moving stimuli: a hidden-state model to discriminate the processes affecting movement
1. Human activities can influence the movement of organisms, either repelling or attracting individuals depending on whether they interfere with natural behavioural patterns or enhance access to food. To discern the processes affecting such interactions, an appropriate analytical approach must reflect the motivations driving behavioural decisions at multiple scales. 2. In this study, we developed a modelling framework for the analysis of foraging trips by central place foragers. By recognising the distinction between movement phases at a larger scale and movement steps at a finer scale, our model can identify periods when animals are actively following moving attractors in their landscape. 3. We applied the framework to GPS tracking data of northern fulmars Fulmarus glacialis, paired with contemporaneous fishing boat locations, to quantify the putative scavenging activity of these seabirds on discarded fish and offal. We estimated the rate and scale of interaction between individual birds and fishing boats and the interplay with other aspects of a foraging trip. 4. The model classified periods when birds were heading out to sea, returning towards the colony or following the closest boat. The probability of switching towards a boat declined with distance and varied depending on the phase of the trip. The maximum distance at which a bird switched towards the closest boat was estimated around 35 km, suggesting the use of olfactory information to locate food. Individuals spent a quarter of a foraging trip, on average, following fishing boats, with marked heterogeneity among trips and individuals. 5. Our approach can be used to characterise interactions between central place foragers and different anthropogenic or natural stimuli. The model identifies the processes influencing central place foraging at multiple scales, which can improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying movement behaviour and characterise individual variation in interactions with a range of human activities that may attract or repel these species. Therefore, it can be adapted to explore the movement of other species that are subject to multiple dynamic drivers.
A promising novel judgment bias test to evaluate affective states in dogs (Canis familiaris)
<p>Datasets generated and analysed during the current study.</p>
Immune Response and Affective States of Elderly and 50+ Individuals After Intentional and Indirect Contact With Nature
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05492006. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Central place foragers and moving stimuli: a hidden-state model to discriminate the processes affecting movement
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Nitrogen transformations differentially affect nutrient-limited primary production in lakes of varying trophic state
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.