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101 results for “Anopheles gambiae”
Anopheles gambiae (AgamP4) genome conservation score
<p>The conservation score storage is a result of a bioinformatics pipeline that integrates a systematic analysis of the data on genetic variation in more than 1,000 wild-caught Anopheles gambiae individuals and conserved syntenic regions of 19 Anopheles species and 3 phylogenetically more distant species of dipterans.</p> <p>The results of this analysis are gathered in the HDF5 data storage system that allows for flexible extraction and bioinformatic manipulation at each genomic position in AgamP4 reference genome.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Fig. 4 in Isolation and characterization of native Bacillus thuringiensis strains from Saudi Arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae (s.l.)
Fig. 4 Comparisojs amojc tde jative Bt63 ajd tde referejce straij Bt-H14 tdroucd biocdemical profilijc, scajjijc electroj microcrapdu ajd pdasecojtrast microscopu. Ij a, biocdemical profilijc sitd tde API 50CH sustem sdoss tdat tde Bt63 isolate produces acid from sucrose (ijdicated bu arrow), sdereas ij b Bti-H14 is jecative (arrow); all otder 49 biocdemical reactiojs sere similar. Ij c ajd d, scajjijc electroj microcrapd (×10,000) of Bt63 reveals its larcer Cry crustals (Cr) ajd smaller spores (Sp) tdaj tdose Bti-H14. Ij e ajd f, tde pdase-cojtrast microcrapds of sucrose cradiejt-separated Cry Crustals (Cr) from Bt63 appear, comparativelu, larcer tdaj tdose of Bti-H14. Scale-bars: c, d, 1 μm; e, f, 10 μm
Fig. 3 in Isolation and characterization of native Bacillus thuringiensis strains from Saudi Arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae (s.l.)
Fig. 3 SDS-PAGE profiles of sdole parasporal crustals/spores mixtures. a Profiles after dissolutioj of proteij crustals at alkalije pH (10.5–11). b Profiles follosijc pH-jeutralizatioj. c Profiles after trupsij-treatmejt (silver staij). Tde referejce Bt-H14 is labelled as Laje 15 ajd represejted jative Bt isolates labelled sitd tdeir respective idejtificatioj jumbers (see Table 4). Lajes M: proteij molecular mass markers (245 to 11 kDa). Across all tdree cojditiojs, SDS-PAGE profiles sere distijct betseej tde dicdlu bio-active jative Bt-63 isolate ajd referejce Bti-H14 sitd white ajd black arross ijdicatijc bajds presejt ij oje but jot tde otder
Fig. 1 in Isolation and characterization of native Bacillus thuringiensis strains from Saudi Arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae (s.l.)
Fig. 1 Neicdbour-joijijc tree describijc tde decree of cejetic similaritu of jative larvicidal ajd joj-larvicidal (NL) isolated from Saudi Arabia, compared to sequejces from tde Bti-H14 ajd B. cereus referejce straij. Outcroups ijclude tde GRAM-positive bacteria Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Bacillus pumilus ajd B. megatorium. Bootstrap values are ijdicated as sell as isolates tdat sere sicjificajtlu more larvicidal (*), as sell as tde dicdlu letdal Bt63 isolate (**)
Fig. 2 in Isolation and characterization of native Bacillus thuringiensis strains from Saudi Arabia with enhanced larvicidal toxicity against the mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae (s.l.)
Fig. 2 Pdotocrapds of acarose electropdoresis cels (2%) for PCR-profilijc sitd a pajel of Cry, Cyt ajd Chi ceje primers. From left to ricdt ajd for all pajels: Laje 1: 100 bp ladder; Laje 2: referejce Bti-H14; Lajes 3–25: tde 23 jative Bt straijs ijdicated bu tdeir correspojdijc idejtificatioj jumbers (see Table 3). Ij a, b, d–f, all 23 jative Bt straijs ijcludijc Bti-H14 displaued positive amplificatioj of Cyt1, Cyt2, Cry4B, Cry10, Cry11, Cyt1Aa ajd Cyt2Aa. Ij c, all straijs sere positive for Cry4A except Bt63. Ij g, all Bt straijs sere PCR jecative for Chi ceje except Bt-12 ajd 55; sdereas all Bt straijs sere PCR positive for Cyt1Ab ceje, except tde jative isolates coded 67, 60, 63, 56 ajd 16
Illumina RNA-Sequencing fastq data from insecticide resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l
<p>This is a dataset of Illumina RNA sequencing reads, for a project investigating resistance to Pirimiphos-methyl in the major malaria vectors, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii. There are four biological replicates for the following conditions:</p> <p> </p> <p>Ngousso (susceptible)</p> <p>Kisumu (susceptible)</p> <p>Bouake gambiae unexposed</p> <p>Bouake gambiae PM survivors</p> <p>Bouake coluzzii unexposed </p> <p>Bouake coluzzii PM survivors </p> <p> </p> <p>SRA submission: SUB14596876</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Anopheles gambiae: metabolomic profiles in sugar-fed, blood-fed and Plasmodium falciparum-infected midgut
The mosquito midgut is a physiological organ essential for the nutrient acquisition as well as an interface that encounters various mosquito borne pathogens. Metabolomic characterization would reveal biochemical fingerprints that are generated by various cellular processes. The metabolite profiles of the mosquito midgut will provide an overview of the biochemical events in both physiological states and the dynamic responses to pathogen infections. In this study, the midgut metabolic profiles of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes following feeding with sugar, human blood, mouse blood, and Plasmodium falciparum-infected human blood were examined. A mass spectrometry system coupled to liquid and gas chromatography produced a time series of metabolites in the midgut at discrete conditions (sugar feeding, 24hr and 48hr post normal blood and P. falciparum-infected blood feeding). Triplicates were included to ensure system validity. A total of 512 individual compounds were identified, 511 were assigned to 8 super-pathways and 75 sub-pathways. The dataset can be used for further inquiry into the metabolic dynamics of sugar and blood digestion and of malaria parasite infection.
Data from: Mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in Anopheles gambiae revealed by allele specific expression
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Data from: Anopheles gambiae: metabolomic profiles in sugar-fed, blood-fed and Plasmodium falciparum-infected midgut
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Data from: Prominent intra-specific genetic divergence within Anopheles gambiae sibling species triggered by habitat discontinuities across a riverine landscape
The Anopheles gambiae complex of mosquitoes includes malaria vectors at different stages of speciation, whose study enables a better understanding of how adaptation to divergent environmental conditions leads to evolution of reproductive isolation. We investigated the population genetic structure of closely-related sympatric taxa that have recently been proposed as separate species (An. coluzzii and An. gambiae), sampled from diverse habitats along the Gambia River in West Africa. We characterised putatively neutral microsatellite loci as well as chromosomal inversion polymorphisms known to be associated with ecological adaptation. The results revealed strong ecologically-associated population subdivisions within both species. Microsatellite loci at chromosome-3L revealed a clear differentiation between coastal and inland populations, which in An. coluzzii is reinforced by a peculiar inversion polymorphism pattern, supporting the hypothesis of genetic divergence driven by adaptation to the coastal habitat. Striking genetic differences, compatible with a strong reduction of gene-flow, were observed between An. gambiae populations west and east of an extensively rice-cultivated region exclusively occupied by An. coluzzii. Notably, this 'intra-specific' differentiation was higher than that observed between the two species and involved also the centromeric region of chromosome-X which has previously been considered a marker of speciation within this complex, suggesting that the two populations may be at an advanced stage of reproductive isolation triggered by human-made habitat fragmentation. These results confirm ongoing ecological speciation within these most important Afro-tropical malaria vectors and raise new questions on the possible effect of this process in malaria transmission.
Data from: The last bastion? X chromosome genotyping of Anopheles gambiae species pair males from a hybrid zone reveals complex recombination within the major candidate 'genomic island of speciation'
Speciation with gene flow may be aided by reduced recombination helping to build linkage between genes involved in the early stages of reproductive isolation. Reduced recombination on chromosome X has been implicated in speciation within the Anopheles gambiae complex, species of which represent the major Afrotropical malaria vectors. The most recently diverged, morphologically indistinguishable, species pair, A. gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii, ubiquitously displays a 'genomic island of divergence' spanning over 4 Mb from chromosome X centromere, which represents a particularly promising candidate region for reproductive isolation genes, in addition to containing the diagnostic markers used to distinguish the species. Very low recombination makes the island intractable for experimental recombination studies, but an extreme hybrid zone in Guinea Bissau offers the opportunity for natural investigation of X-island recombination. SNP analysis of chromosome X hemizygous males revealed: (i) strong divergence in the X-island despite a lack of autosomal divergence; (ii) individuals with multiple-recombinant genotypes, including likely double crossovers and localized gene conversion; (iii) recombination-driven discontinuity both within and between the molecular species markers, suggesting that the utility of the diagnostics is undermined under high hybridization. The largely, but incompletely protected nature of the X centromeric genomic island is consistent with a primary candidate area for accumulation of adaptive variants driving speciation with gene flow, while permitting some selective shuffling and removal of genetic variation.
Data from: Geographic population structure of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae suggests a role for the forest-savannah biome transition as a barrier to gene flow
The primary Afrotropical malaria mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto has a complex population structure. In western Africa, this species is split into two molecular forms and displays local and regional variation in chromosomal arrangements and behaviours. To investigate patterns of macro-geographic population substructure, 25 An. gambiae samples from 12 African countries were genotyped at 13 microsatellite loci. This analysis detected the presence of additional population structuring, with the M-form being subdivided into distinct west, central and southern African genetic clusters. These clusters are coincident with the central African rainforest belt and northern and southern savannah biomes, which suggests restrictions to gene flow associated with the transition between these biomes. By contrast geographically patterned population substructure appears much weaker within the S-form.
Data from: Generational conservation of composition and diversity of field-acquired midgut microbiota in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato during colonization in the laboratory
The gut microbiota is known to play a role in the mosquito vectors' life history, which is a subject of increasing research. Laboratory experiments are essential for such studies and require laboratory colonies. In this study, the conservation of field-obtained midgut microbiota was evaluated in laboratory-reared Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes continuously hatched in water from the field breeding habitats. Pupae and late instars were obtained from the field and reared, and the emerged adults were blood fed. The eggs obtained from them were hatched in either water from the field or in dechlorinated tap water. The mosquito colonies were maintained for 10 generations. Midguts of female adults from unfed F0 (emerging from field-caught pupae and larvae), F5, and F10 were dissected out and genomic DNA were extracted for 16S metagenomic sequencing. The sequences were compared to investigate the diversity, and bacteria compositional differences using ANCOM and correlation clustering methods. Less than 10% of the bacteria families identified had differential relative abundances between generational groups and accounted for 46% of the variation observed. Although diversity reduced in F10 mosquitoes during lab colonization (Shannon-Weaver; p-value< 0.05), 50% of bacteria genera were conserved in those bred continuously in field-water compared to 38% in those bred in dechlorinated tap water. The study is the first report on the assessment of gut bacterial community of mosquitoes during laboratory colonization and recommends the use of water from the natural breeding habitats if they are intended for microbiota research.
Data from: Seasonality and locality affect the diversity of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii midgut microbiota from Ghana.
Symbiotic bacteria can have important implications in the development and competence of disease vectors. In Anopheles mosquitoes, the composition of the midgut microbiota is largely influenced by the larval breeding site, but the exact factors shaping this composition are currently unknown. Here, we examined whether the proximity to urban areas and seasons have an impact on the midgut microbial community of the two major malaria vectors in Africa, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae. Larvae and pupae were collected from selected habitats in two districts of Ghana during the dry and rainy season periods. The midgut microbiota of adults that emerged from these collections was determined by 454-pyrosequencing of the 16S ribosomal DNA. We show that in both mosquito species, Shewanellaceae constituted on average of 54% and 73% of the midgut microbiota from each site in the dry and rainy season, respectively. Enterobacteriaceae was found in comparatively low abundance below 1% in 22/30 samples in the dry season, and in 25/38 samples in the rainy season. Our data indicate that seasonality and locality significantly affect both the diversity of microbiota and the relative abundance of bacterial families with a positive impact of dry season and peri-urban settings.
Data from: Dissecting functional components of reproductive isolation among closely related sympatric species of the Anopheles gambiae complex
Explaining how and why reproductive isolation evolves and determining which forms of reproductive isolation have the largest impact on the process of population divergence are major goals in the study of speciation. By studying recent adaptive radiations in incompletely isolated taxa, it is possible to identify barriers involved at early divergence before other confounding barriers emerge after speciation is complete. Sibling species of the Anopheles gambiae complex offer opportunities to provide insights into speciation mechanisms. Here we studied patterns of reproductive isolation among three taxa, An. coluzzii, An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis, to compare its strength at different spatial scales, to dissect the relative contribution of pre- versus post-mating isolation, and to infer the involvement of ecological divergence on hybridization. Because F1 hybrids are viable, fertile, and not uncommon, understanding the dynamics of hybridization in this trio of major malaria vectors has important implications for how adaptations arise and spread across the group, and in planning studies of the safety and efficacy of gene drive as a means of malaria control. We first performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published surveys reporting on hybrid prevalence, showing strong reproductive isolation at a continental scale despite geographically restricted exceptions. Second, we exploited our own extensive field datasets collected at a regional scale in two contrasting environmental settings, in order to assess: i) levels of pre-mating isolation; ii) spatio/temporal and frequency-dependent dynamics of hybridization, iii) relationship between reproductive isolation and ecological divergence, and iv) hybrid viability penalty. Results are in accordance with ecological speciation theory predicting a positive association between the strength of reproductive isolation and degree ecological divergence, and indicate that post-mating isolation does contribute to reproductive isolation among these species. Specifically, only post-mating isolation was positively associated with ecological divergence, whereas pre-mating isolation was correlated with phylogenetic distance.
FIGURE 6 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 6. Anopheles (Cellia) amharicus sp. n., larva (paratypes, WRBU digital image preps #2125 (A–D), #2126 (F): A, head, dorsal view; B, pecten plate; C, antenna, position of seta 1-A; D, abdomen, development of palmate setae (1-I–III); E, head, relative sizes and positions of setae 2-C and 3-C; F, thorax, branching of setae 1–3-P.
FIGURE 5 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 5. Anopheles (Cellia) amharicus sp. n., pupa (paratype, WRBU digital image prep #2125): A, trumpet showing lengths of meatus and pinna; B, segment VIII, distal, showing form of seta 9; C, paddles.
FIGURE 2 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 2. Anopheles (Cellia) coluzzii sp. n., pupa (holotype exuviae, WRBU digital image prep #2124): A, trumpet showing lengths of meatus and pinna; B, segment VIII, distal, showing form of seta 9; C, paddles.
FIGURE 4 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 4. Anopheles (Cellia) amharicus sp. n., adult female (holotype, WRBU digital image prep #2128): A, habitus; B, head, dorsolateral view showing detail of vertex and antennae; C, maxillary palpi; D, thorax, dorsal view; E, wing.
FIGURE 3 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 3. Anopheles (Cellia) coluzzii sp. n. larva (holotype exuviae, WRBU digital image prep #2124): A, head, dorsal view; B, head, relative sizes and positions of setae 2-C and 3-C; C, antenna, position of seta 1-A; D, abdomen, development of palmate setae (1-I–III); E, thorax, branching of setae 1–3-P; F, pecten plate.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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