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10 results for “Anopheles gambiae complex”
Data from: The last bastion? X chromosome genotyping of Anopheles gambiae species pair males from a hybrid zone reveals complex recombination within the major candidate 'genomic island of speciation'
Speciation with gene flow may be aided by reduced recombination helping to build linkage between genes involved in the early stages of reproductive isolation. Reduced recombination on chromosome X has been implicated in speciation within the Anopheles gambiae complex, species of which represent the major Afrotropical malaria vectors. The most recently diverged, morphologically indistinguishable, species pair, A. gambiae and Anopheles coluzzii, ubiquitously displays a 'genomic island of divergence' spanning over 4 Mb from chromosome X centromere, which represents a particularly promising candidate region for reproductive isolation genes, in addition to containing the diagnostic markers used to distinguish the species. Very low recombination makes the island intractable for experimental recombination studies, but an extreme hybrid zone in Guinea Bissau offers the opportunity for natural investigation of X-island recombination. SNP analysis of chromosome X hemizygous males revealed: (i) strong divergence in the X-island despite a lack of autosomal divergence; (ii) individuals with multiple-recombinant genotypes, including likely double crossovers and localized gene conversion; (iii) recombination-driven discontinuity both within and between the molecular species markers, suggesting that the utility of the diagnostics is undermined under high hybridization. The largely, but incompletely protected nature of the X centromeric genomic island is consistent with a primary candidate area for accumulation of adaptive variants driving speciation with gene flow, while permitting some selective shuffling and removal of genetic variation.
Data from: Dissecting functional components of reproductive isolation among closely related sympatric species of the Anopheles gambiae complex
Explaining how and why reproductive isolation evolves and determining which forms of reproductive isolation have the largest impact on the process of population divergence are major goals in the study of speciation. By studying recent adaptive radiations in incompletely isolated taxa, it is possible to identify barriers involved at early divergence before other confounding barriers emerge after speciation is complete. Sibling species of the Anopheles gambiae complex offer opportunities to provide insights into speciation mechanisms. Here we studied patterns of reproductive isolation among three taxa, An. coluzzii, An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis, to compare its strength at different spatial scales, to dissect the relative contribution of pre- versus post-mating isolation, and to infer the involvement of ecological divergence on hybridization. Because F1 hybrids are viable, fertile, and not uncommon, understanding the dynamics of hybridization in this trio of major malaria vectors has important implications for how adaptations arise and spread across the group, and in planning studies of the safety and efficacy of gene drive as a means of malaria control. We first performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published surveys reporting on hybrid prevalence, showing strong reproductive isolation at a continental scale despite geographically restricted exceptions. Second, we exploited our own extensive field datasets collected at a regional scale in two contrasting environmental settings, in order to assess: i) levels of pre-mating isolation; ii) spatio/temporal and frequency-dependent dynamics of hybridization, iii) relationship between reproductive isolation and ecological divergence, and iv) hybrid viability penalty. Results are in accordance with ecological speciation theory predicting a positive association between the strength of reproductive isolation and degree ecological divergence, and indicate that post-mating isolation does contribute to reproductive isolation among these species. Specifically, only post-mating isolation was positively associated with ecological divergence, whereas pre-mating isolation was correlated with phylogenetic distance.
FIGURE 6 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 6. Anopheles (Cellia) amharicus sp. n., larva (paratypes, WRBU digital image preps #2125 (A–D), #2126 (F): A, head, dorsal view; B, pecten plate; C, antenna, position of seta 1-A; D, abdomen, development of palmate setae (1-I–III); E, head, relative sizes and positions of setae 2-C and 3-C; F, thorax, branching of setae 1–3-P.
FIGURE 5 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 5. Anopheles (Cellia) amharicus sp. n., pupa (paratype, WRBU digital image prep #2125): A, trumpet showing lengths of meatus and pinna; B, segment VIII, distal, showing form of seta 9; C, paddles.
FIGURE 2 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 2. Anopheles (Cellia) coluzzii sp. n., pupa (holotype exuviae, WRBU digital image prep #2124): A, trumpet showing lengths of meatus and pinna; B, segment VIII, distal, showing form of seta 9; C, paddles.
FIGURE 4 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 4. Anopheles (Cellia) amharicus sp. n., adult female (holotype, WRBU digital image prep #2128): A, habitus; B, head, dorsolateral view showing detail of vertex and antennae; C, maxillary palpi; D, thorax, dorsal view; E, wing.
FIGURE 3 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 3. Anopheles (Cellia) coluzzii sp. n. larva (holotype exuviae, WRBU digital image prep #2124): A, head, dorsal view; B, head, relative sizes and positions of setae 2-C and 3-C; C, antenna, position of seta 1-A; D, abdomen, development of palmate setae (1-I–III); E, thorax, branching of setae 1–3-P; F, pecten plate.
FIGURE 1 in Anopheles coluzzii and Anopheles amharicus, new members of the Anopheles gambiae complex
FIGURE 1. Anopheles (Cellia) coluzzii sp. n., adult female (holotype, WRBU digital image prep #2127): A, habitus; B, head, lateral view showing detail of vertex and antennae; C, maxillary palpi; D, thorax, dorsal view; E, abdomen, dorsal view; F, wing.
Data from: Dissecting functional components of reproductive isolation among closely related sympatric species of the Anopheles gambiae complex
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Data from: The last bastion? X chromosome genotyping of Anopheles gambiae species pair males from a hybrid zone reveals complex recombination within the major candidate ‘genomic island of speciation’
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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