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22 results for “Anopheles stephensi”
Experiments for detection of Plasmodium berghei infected Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes using near-infrared spectroscopy
<p> </p> <p><strong>Experiments for detection of <em>Plasmodium berghei</em> infected <em>Anopheles stephensi</em> mosquitoes using near-infrared spectroscopy</strong></p> <p>This dataset contains near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measurements on <em>Plasmodium berghei</em> infected <em>Anopheles stephensi</em> mosquitoes reared in the lab together with either oocyst counts or sporozoite counts, correponding to the two experiments undertaken:</p> <ul> <li>Experiment 1 (oocysts), file "NIRSdata2017_Lab_AnSteph_PlasmBerg_oocysts.txt"</li> <li>Experiment 2 (sporozoites), file "NIRSdata2017_Lab_AnSteph_PlasmBerg_sporozoites.txt"</li> </ul> <p>For further details on the experimental setup see: P.M. Esperança, A.M. Blagborough, D.F. Da, F.E. Dowell, T.S. Churcher (2018) "Detection of <em>Plasmodium berghei</em> infected <em>Anopheles stephensi</em> using near-infrared spectroscopy". <em>Parasites and Vector</em>, <strong>11</strong>:377. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2960-z">https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2960-z</a>.</p> <p>The structure of the data files is as follows:</p> <ul> <li>column 1 (<strong>Scan_ID</strong>): scan identifier</li> <li>column 2 (<strong>Mosquito_ID</strong>): mosquito identifier</li> <li>column 3 (<strong>Replication</strong>): replication identifier</li> <li>column 4 (<strong>Oocysts</strong> or <strong>Sporozoites</strong>): response variable <ul> <li>for the Experiment 1, the oocyst count<em> </em>on a level-scale</li> <li>for the Experiment 2, the sporozoite count on a log-scale: 0 (no sporozoites), 1 (1–10), 2 (11–100), 3 (101–1000), 4 (>1000)</li> </ul> </li> <li>columns 5 to 2155 (<strong>x350</strong> to <strong>x2500</strong>): NIRS absorbance measurements for wavelengths in the range 350 to 2500 nanometers</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Figure 4 in Study of histoarchitectural changes in Anopheles stephensi larvae following exposure to Eucalyptus globulus and Aloe vera oils
Figure 4. Longitudinal section of thorax highlighting the gastric ceca of 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae (40×): (a) Control larva having epithelial cells (EC), vesicles (V), nucleus (N), peritrophic membrane (PM), basement-membrane (BM), muscle fibers (MF), microvilli (MV); (b) Eucalyptus globulus oil treated larva showing diversifications in various regions; (c) Aloe vera oil treated larva showing rifts in peritrophic membrane (PM).
Figure 3 in Study of histoarchitectural changes in Anopheles stephensi larvae following exposure to Eucalyptus globulus and Aloe vera oils
Figure 3. Longitudinal sections of head highlighting the region of imaginal bud of antennae (IBA) of 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae (40×): (a) Control larva showing intact IBA; (b) Eucalyptus globulus oil treated larva showing cracks and disorganization in IBA; (c) Aloe vera oil treated larva showing stretching and elongation in IBA.
Figure 5 in Study of histoarchitectural changes in Anopheles stephensi larvae following exposure to Eucalyptus globulus and Aloe vera oils
Figure 5. Longitudinal sections of abdomen of 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae (10×): (a) Control larva showing lumen (L) and muscle fibers (MF); (b) Eucalyptus globulus oil treated larva showing disintegration; (c) Aloe vera oil treated larva showing perturbation and lesions in the alimentary canal.
Figure 7 in Study of histoarchitectural changes in Anopheles stephensi larvae following exposure to Eucalyptus globulus and Aloe vera oils
Figure 7. Longitudinal sections of midgut region highlighting fat bodies of 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae (40×): (a) Control larva showing deposition of fat bodies (FB); (b) Eucalyptus globulus oil treated larva showing disappearance of fat bodies (FB) in various areas; (c) Aloe vera oil treated larva showing very little disruption of fat bodies (FB).
Data from: Age influences the thermal suitability of Plasmodium falciparum transmission in the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi
<p><span>Models predicting disease transmission are vital tools for long-term planning of malaria reduction efforts, particularly for mitigating impacts of climate change. We compared temperature-dependent malaria transmission models when mosquito life history traits were estimated from a truncated portion of the lifespan (a common practice) to traits measured across the full lifespan. We conducted an experiment on adult female <i>Anopheles stephensi, </i>the Asian urban malaria mosquito, to generate daily per capita values for mortality, egg production, and biting rate at six constant temperatures. Both temperature and age significantly affected trait values. Further, we found quantitative and qualitative differences between temperature-trait relationships estimated from truncated data versus observed lifetime values. Incorporating these temperature-trait relationships into an expression governing the thermal suitability of transmission, relative <i>R<sub>0</sub></i></span><span>(</span><i><span>T</span></i><span>)<i>,</i> resulted in minor differences in the breadth of suitable temperatures for <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> transmission between the two models constructed from only <i>An. stephensi</i> trait data. However, we found a substantial increase in thermal niche breadth compared to a previously published model consisting of trait data from multiple <i>Anopheles</i> mosquito species. Overall, this work highlights the importance of considering how mosquito trait values vary with mosquito age and mosquito species when generating temperature-based suitability predictions of transmission.</span></p>
Anopheles stephensi occurrence data 1985 - 2019
<p>In 2012, an unusual outbreak of malaria occurred in Djibouti City followed by increasingly severe annual outbreaks. Investigations revealed the presence of an Asian mosquito species; Anopheles stephensi, which thrives in urban environments. Anopheles stephensi has since been identified in Ethiopia and Sudan.</p> <p>By combining data for An. stephensi across its full range (Asia, Arabian Peninsula, Horn of Africa) with spatial models that identify the species' preferred habitat, we provide evidence-based maps predicting the possible African locations where An. stephensi could establish if allowed to spread. </p>
Evidence for a role of Anopheles stephensi in the spread of drug- and diagnosis-resistant malaria in Africa
<p>Anopheles stephensi, an Asian malaria vector, continues to expand across Africa. The vector is now firmly established in urban settings in the Horn of Africa. Its presence in areas where malaria resurged suggested a possible role in causing malaria outbreaks. Here, using a prospective case–control design, we investigated the role of An. stephensi in transmission following a malaria outbreak in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia in April–July 2022. Screening contacts of patients with malaria and febrile controls revealed spatial clustering of Plasmodium falciparum infections around patients with malaria in strong association with the presence of An. stephensi in the household vicinity. Plasmodium sporozoites were detected in these mosquitoes. This outbreak involved clonal propagation of parasites with molecular signatures of artemisinin and diagnostic resistance. To our knowledge, this study provides the strongest evidence so far for a role of An. stephensi in driving an urban malaria outbreak in Africa, highlighting the major public health threat posed by this fast-spreading mosquito.</p>
Evidence for a role of Anopheles stephensi in the spread of drug- and diagnosis-resistant malaria in Africa
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Anopheles stephensi occurrence data 1985 - 2019
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Data from: Age influences the thermal suitability of Plasmodium falciparum transmission in the Asian malaria vector Anopheles stephensi
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Novel Asaia bogorensis signal sequences for Plasmodium inhibition in Anopheles stephensi
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Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes as vectors of Plasmodium vivax and falciparum, Horn of Africa, 2019
<p>An. stephensi, an efficient malaria vector in parts of Asia and Africa, was observed in 75.3% of water sources surveyed, and contributed to 80.9% of wild-caught Anopheles mosquitoes in Awash Sebat Kilo, Ethiopia. High susceptibility of these mosquitoes to Plasmodium falciparum and vivax infection presents a challenge for malaria control in the Horn of Africa. This study was conducted in Awash Sebat Kilo, Ethiopia, an area of perennial malaria transmission, from April to September 2019. We examined aquatic habitats for immature-stage <i>Anopheles </i>mosquitoes by standard dipping (10x/site) for 5 consecutive days. We assessed mosquito resting, feeding, and host-seeking behavior.</p>
Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes as vectors of Plasmodium vivax and falciparum, Horn of Africa, 2019
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Figure 1 in Study of histoarchitectural changes in Anopheles stephensi larvae following exposure to Eucalyptus globulus and Aloe vera oils
Figure 1. Longitudinal sections of 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae (4×): (a) Control larva showing normal and intact body; (b) Eucalyptus globulus oil treated larva showing disintegration of body; (c) Aloe vera oil treated larva showing disintegration of body.
Figure 6 in Study of histoarchitectural changes in Anopheles stephensi larvae following exposure to Eucalyptus globulus and Aloe vera oils
Figure 6. Longitudinal sections of epithelium layer of midgut of 4th instar Anopheles stephensi larvae (40×): Control larva showing cells having nucleus (N), peritrophic membrane (PM), basement membrane (BM), and microvilli (MV); Eucalyptus globulus oil treated larva showing lysis of epithelial cells; Aloe vera oil treated larva showing ruptured areas.
The transcriptional changes in the Anopheles stephensi transcriptome after blood feeding with CSPwt or CSPmut plasmodium
GEO Series GSE176061. Anopheles stephensi. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Gene trapping in the Asian malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi
GEO Series GSE78771. Anopheles stephensi. 1 samples. Type: Other.
Mosquito-borne diseases and Omics: Tissue-restricted expression and alternative splicing revealed by transcriptome profiling of Anopheles stephensi
GEO Series GSE99679. Anopheles stephensi. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Characterization of the Rel2-regulated transcriptome and proteome of Anopheles stephensi identifies new anti-Plasmodium factors
GEO Series GSE59258. Anopheles stephensi. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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