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61 results for “Anthropogenic influence”
Species diversity and plant dominance influence grassland stability in response to extreme climatic events and anthropogenic drivers across three LTER sites: Cedar Creek, Konza Prairie, and Kellogg Biological Station, 1982-2023.
The data in this package is associated with the analysis for a manuscript titled "Multiple community properties drive ecosystem resistance and resilience to extreme climate events across mesic grasslands". The files include compiled data on plant biomass production, species abundance, experimental treatments, extreme climate event values, and calculated diversity and stability measures from grassland plots in experiments at CDR, KBS, and KNZ LTER sites.
Drivers of spatial and temporal micro- and mesozooplankton dynamics in an estuary under strong anthropogenic influences (The Eastern Scheldt, Netherlands)
<p>Supplement to: Horn, H.G., van Rijswijk, P., Soetaert, K., van Oevelen, D. (2023): Drivers of spatial and temporal micro- and mesozooplankton dynamics in an estuary under strong anthropogenic influences (The Eastern Scheldt, Netherlands). J Sea Res. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2023.102357">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2023.102357</a></p> <p>This data set contains mesozooplankton and microzooplankton abundances, temperature, salinity, O2, DOC, Chl.a, SPM, and nutrient concentrations from eight stations in the Eastern Scheldt sampled in 2018. Phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing rates from dilution experiments are also provided.</p>
Data from: Ecological forensic testing: Using multiple primers for eDNA detection of marine vertebrates in an estuarine lagoon subject to anthropogenic influences
<p>Many critical aquatic habitats are in close proximity to human activity (i.e., adjacent to residences, docks, marinas, etc.), and it is vital to monitor biodiversity in these and similar areas that are subject to ongoing urbanization, pollution, and other environmental disruptions. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is an accessible, non-invasive genetic technique used to detect and monitor species diversity and is a particularly useful approach in areas where traditional biodiversity monitoring methods (e.g., visual surveys or video surveillance) are challenging to conduct. In this study, we implemented an eDNA approach that used a combination of three distinct PCR primer sets to detect marine vertebrates within a canal system of Biscayne Bay, Florida, an ecosystem representative of challenging sampling conditions and a myriad of impacts from urbanization. We detected fish species from aquarium, commercial, and recreational fisheries, as well as invasive, cryptobenthic, and endangered vertebrate species, including charismatic marine mammals such as the protected West Indian manatee, <em>Trichechus manatus</em>. Our results support the potential for eDNA analyses to supplement traditional biodiversity monitoring methods and ultimately serve as an important tool for ecosystem management. This approach minimizes stress or disturbance to organisms and removes the intrinsic risk and logical limitations of SCUBA diving, snorkeling, or deploying sensitive equipment in areas that are subject to high vessel traffic and/or low visibility. Overall, this work sets the framework to understand how biodiversity may change over different spatial and temporal scales in an aquatic ecosystem heavily influenced by urbanization and validates the use of eDNA as a complementary approach to traditional ecological monitoring methods.</p>
Рис. 2. Ооцисты кокциΔий роΔа Eimeria, Isospora, Octosporella моΔифицированные, световая микроскопия (размеры увеΛичены в 400 раз, 1 ΔеΛение равно 10 мкм). A — ооцисты Eimeria изоΛированные из Testudo graeca из Апшеронской попуΛяции; B — ооцисты Isospora изоΛированные из Testudo graeca из Апшеронской попуΛяции; С — ооцисты Isospora изоΛированные из Teniadactylus caspius из Апшеронской попуΛяции; D — ооцисты Octosporella изоΛированные из Paralaudakia caucasia из Гобустанской попуΛяции. Автор: С. О. МамеΔова Fig. 2. Eimeria, Isospora, Octosporella oocysts (Magnification 1000 x, each segment corresponds to 10 μm): A — oocysts Eimeria found in Testudo graeca from Absheron population; B — oocysts Isospora found in Testudo graeca from Absheron population; C — oocysts Isospora found in Teniadactylus caspius from Absheron population; D — oocysts Octosporella found in Paralaudakia caucasia from Gobustan population. Author: S. O. Mamedova in Intestinal coccidia (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) in reptiles of Azerbaijan and anthropogenic influences on their prevalence
Рис. 2. Ооцисты кокциΔий роΔа Eimeria, Isospora, Octosporella моΔифицированные, световая микроскопия (размеры увеΛичены в 400 раз, 1 ΔеΛение равно 10 мкм). A — ооцисты Eimeria изоΛированные из Testudo graeca из Апшеронской попуΛяции; B — ооцисты Isospora изоΛированные из Testudo graeca из Апшеронской попуΛяции; С — ооцисты Isospora изоΛированные из Teniadactylus caspius из Апшеронской попуΛяции; D — ооцисты Octosporella изоΛированные из Paralaudakia caucasia из Гобустанской попуΛяции. Автор: С. О. МамеΔова Fig. 2. Eimeria, Isospora, Octosporella oocysts (Magnification 1000 x, each segment corresponds to 10 μm): A — oocysts Eimeria found in Testudo graeca from Absheron population; B — oocysts Isospora found in Testudo graeca from Absheron population; C — oocysts Isospora found in Teniadactylus caspius from Absheron population; D — oocysts Octosporella found in Paralaudakia caucasia from Gobustan population. Author: S. O. Mamedova
Рис. 1. Ооцисты криптоспориΔий моΔифицированные, световая микроскопия по метоΔу ЦиΛя — НиΛьсена (Henriksen, Pohlenz 1981) (размеры увеΛичены в 1000 раз, 1 ΔеΛение равно 10 мкм): A — ооцисты изоΛированные из Testudo graeca из Апшеронской попуΛяции; B — ооцисты изоΛированные из Paralaudakia caucasia из Гобустанской попуΛяции; С — ооцисты изоΛированные из Eremias arguta; D — ооцисты изоΛированные из Natrix tessellata из Апшеронской попуΛяции. Автор: С. О. МамеΔова Fig. 1. Cryptosporidium oocysts stained with carbol-fucsin (Henriksen, Pohlenz 1981) (Magnification 1000 x, each segment corresponds to 10 μm): A — oocysts found in Testudo graeca from Absheron population; B — oocysts found in Paralaudakia caucasia from Gobustan population; C — oocysts found in Eremias argute; D — oocysts found in Natrix tessellata from Absheron population. Author: S. O. Mamedova in Intestinal coccidia (Apicomplexa: Coccidia) in reptiles of Azerbaijan and anthropogenic influences on their prevalence
Рис. 1. Ооцисты криптоспориΔий моΔифицированные, световая микроскопия по метоΔу ЦиΛя — НиΛьсена (Henriksen, Pohlenz 1981) (размеры увеΛичены в 1000 раз, 1 ΔеΛение равно 10 мкм): A — ооцисты изоΛированные из Testudo graeca из Апшеронской попуΛяции; B — ооцисты изоΛированные из Paralaudakia caucasia из Гобустанской попуΛяции; С — ооцисты изоΛированные из Eremias arguta; D — ооцисты изоΛированные из Natrix tessellata из Апшеронской попуΛяции. Автор: С. О. МамеΔова Fig. 1. Cryptosporidium oocysts stained with carbol-fucsin (Henriksen, Pohlenz 1981) (Magnification 1000 x, each segment corresponds to 10 μm): A — oocysts found in Testudo graeca from Absheron population; B — oocysts found in Paralaudakia caucasia from Gobustan population; C — oocysts found in Eremias argute; D — oocysts found in Natrix tessellata from Absheron population. Author: S. O. Mamedova
Figure 3 in Phytoplankton adaptation strategies under the influence of climatic changes and anthropogenic pressure on the Black Sea coastal ecosystems on the example Sevastopol Bay
Figure 3. Multiannual dynamics: a, d – concentrations of chlorophyll a (1), phytoplankton biomass (2) and water temperature (3), b, e – concentrations of nitrates (1), silicon (2), phosphates (3) and ammonium (4), c, f- diatoms contribution (1), dinoflagellates (2) and coccolithophorides (3) in the total phytoplankton biomass in Sevastopol Bay in summer and autumn.
Figure 2 in Phytoplankton adaptation strategies under the influence of climatic changes and anthropogenic pressure on the Black Sea coastal ecosystems on the example Sevastopol Bay
Figure 2. Multiannual dynamics: a, d – concentrations of chlorophyll a (1), phytoplankton biomass (2) and water temperature (3), b, e – concentrations of nitrates (1), silicon (2), phosphates (3) and ammonium (4), c, f- diatoms contribution (1), dinoflagellates (2) and coccolithophorides (3) in the total phytoplankton biomass in Sevastopol Bay in winter and spring
Fig. 3 in Temporal variability of fish larvae assemblages: influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbances
Fig. 3. Principal Components Analysis of the environmental variables' matrixes recorded in the upper Uruguay River between October 2001 and March 2004. Sampling sites: LIG: Ligeiro, ULIG: Uruguay-Ligeiro, CH: Chapecó and UCH: Uruguay-Chapecó. Reproductive Periods: RP1: First Reproductive Period, RP2: Second Reproductive Period and RP3: Third Reproductive Period.
Fig. 2 in Temporal variability of fish larvae assemblages: influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbances
Fig. 2. Abundance of fish larvae in different stages of development recorded in the sampling sites of the upper Uruguay River from October 2001 to March 2004. Larval development stages: LY = Larval Yolk; PF = Pre-flexion; FL = Flexion and FP = Post-flexion. Sampling sites: LIG: Ligeiro, ULIG: Uruguay-Ligeiro, CH: Chapecó and UCH: Uruguay- Chapecó. Reproductive Periods: RP1: First Reproductive Period, RP2: Second Reproductive Period and RP3: Third Reproductive Period.
Fig. 1 in Temporal variability of fish larvae assemblages: influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbances
Fig. 1. Location of the sampling sites in the upper Uruguay River in southern Brazil. Samplings sites: LIG: Ligeiro, ULIG: Uruguay-Ligeiro, CH: Chapecó, UCH: Uruguay-Chapecó.
Fig. 1 in Influence of environmental variables and anthropogenic perturbations on stream fish assemblages, Upper Paraná River, Central Brazil
Fig. 1. Locations of the sampled sites (dots) in the streams of the Ouvidor River, Goiás State, Brazil. Squares indicate the main cities.
Dataset from 'Influence of anthropogenic emissions on the composition of highly oxygenated organic molecules in Helsinki: a street canyon and urban background station comparison'
<p>This dataset supplements the following manuscript:</p> <p>Okuljar, M., Garmash, O., Olin, M., Kalliokoski, J., Timonen, H., Niemi, J. V., Paasonen, P., Kontkanen, J., Zhang, Y., Hellén, H., Kuuluvainen, H., Aurela, M., Manninen, H. E., Sipilä, M., Rönkkö, T., Petäjä, T., Kulmala, M., Dal Maso, M., and Ehn, M.: Influence of anthropogenic emissions on the composition of highly oxygenated organic molecules in Helsinki: a street canyon and urban background station comparison, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-524, 2023.</p>
Data from: Ecological forensic testing: Using multiple primers for eDNA detection of marine vertebrates in an estuarine lagoon subject to anthropogenic influences
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Plant protection services mediated by extrafloral nectaries decline with aridity but are not influenced by chronic anthropogenic disturbance in Brazilian Caatinga
<p>1. Most terrestrial species occur in human-modified landscapes that are experiencing climate change. In addition to direct impacts on species, both anthropogenic disturbance and climate change can have important effects through changes in species interactions, including the disruption of ecological services provided by them.</p> <p>2. Here we investigate how chronic anthropogenic disturbance (CAD) and aridity affect the effectiveness of plant protection services provided by ants to plants bearing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs).</p> <p>3. The study was conducted across 13 01-ha plots distributed along CAD and aridity gradients in Caatinga vegetation of northeastern Brazil. We focused on Pityrocarpa moniliformis, the most abundant and widely distributed EFN-bearing tree species occurring in our study area, and used experimental attack rates on termites as a measure of effectiveness of ant protection services. We investigated the relative roles of nectar production (volume and concentration) and ant species composition in mediating the effects of CAD and aridity on the effectiveness of protection services.</p> <p>4. Attack rates by ants declined with increasing aridity but were not related to CAD. The volume of extrafloral nectar declined with increasing CAD but was not affected by aridity, whereas the concentration was not related to either CAD or aridity. The composition of attendant ant species varied with aridity but not with CAD.</p> <p>5. Synthesis: The decline in ant-protection services with increased aridity was therefore mediated by changes in the composition of attendant ant species rather than by changes in the production of extrafloral nectar. Our findings suggest that CAD does not affect plant-protection services provided by ants but highlights the vulnerability of EFN-bearing plants to climate change through decreased predation of herbivores.</p>
Natural and anthropogenic sources of habitat variation influence exploration behaviour, stress response, and brain morphology in a coastal fish
<p>1. Evolutionary ecology aims to better understand how ecologically important traits respond to environmental heterogeneity. Environments vary both naturally and as a result of human activities, and investigations that simultaneously consider how natural and human-induced environmental variation affect diverse trait types grow increasingly important as human activities drive species endangerment.</p> <p>2. Here, we examine how habitat fragmentation and structural habitat complexity, affect disparate trait types in Bahamas mosquitofish (<em>Gambusia hubbsi</em>) inhabiting tidal creeks. We tested a priori predictions for how these factors might influence exploratory behaviour, stress reactivity, and brain anatomy.</p> <p>3. We examined approximately 350 adult Bahamas mosquitofish from seven tidal creek populations across Andros Island, The Bahamas that varied in both human-caused fragmentation (three fragmented, four unfragmented) and natural habitat complexity (e.g. 5-fold variation in rock habitat).</p> <p>4. Populations that had experienced severe human-induced fragmentation, and thus restriction of tidal exchange from the ocean, exhibited greater exploration of a novel environment, stronger physiological stress responses to a mildly stressful event, and smaller telencephala (relative to body size). These changes matched adaptive predictions based mostly on 1) reduced chronic predation risk and 2) decreased demands for navigating tidally dynamic habitats. Populations from sites with greater structural habitat complexity showed a higher propensity for exploration and a relatively larger optic tectum and cerebellum. These patterns matched adaptive predictions related to increased demands for navigating complex environments.</p> <p>5. Our findings demonstrate environmental variation, including recent anthropogenic impacts (<50 years), can significantly affect complex, ecologically important traits. Yet trait-specific patterns may not be easily predicted, as we found strong support for only six of 12 predictions. Our results further highlight the utility of simultaneously quantifying multiple environmental factors—e.g. had we failed to account for habitat complexity, we would not have detected effects of fragmentation on exploratory behaviours. These responses, and their ecological consequences, may be complex: rapid and adaptive phenotypic responses to anthropogenic impacts can facilitate persistence in human-altered environments, but may come at a cost of population vulnerability if ecological restoration were to occur without consideration of the altered traits. </p>
Analysis of anthropogenic influence on pollen based climate research
<p>In paleoclimatology the relationships between vegetation and climate are used to infer past climate from plant fossils. However, if a transfer function is tested on modern pollen and climate observations, there is a mismatch between observed and inferred climate. Several causes for such a mismatch have been identified by literature, but this research focusses on humans. Humans influence community assembly of vegetation, but the effect of this influence on climatic studies is not well investigated. The aim of this research was to assess anthropogenic influence on climatic mismatch.</p> <p>Data was collected from previous research on 29 Amazonian sites. This was run through a transfer function and mismatch was calculated for the mean annual temperature, mean diurnal range and annual precipitation. Linear regression tests were used to test the data on a correlation between human influence (land use and distances to features) and mismatch.</p> <p>Mismatch decreased at first and then increased in the opposite direction. There is evidence that precipitation is affected by humans. Of all considered measures the distance to the nearest hardened road had the strongest relationship with induced mismatch.</p> <p> </p> <p>This file contains all used data and R scripts. With the contents the results can be recreated. Instructions on use are enclosed</p>
Data to support: Anthropogenic influence on tropospheric reactive bromine since the pre-industrial: Implications for ice-core bromine trends
<p>Tropospheric reactive bromine (Br<sub>y</sub>) influences the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere by acting as a sink for ozone and nitrogen oxides. Aerosol acidity plays a crucial role in Br<sub>y</sub> abundances through acid-catalyzed debromination from sea-salt-aerosol, the largest global source. Bromine concentrations in a Russian Arctic ice-core, Akademii Nauk, show a 3.5-fold increase from pre-industrial (PI) to the 1970s (peak acidity, PA), and decreased by half to 1999 (present day, PD). Ice-core acidity mirrors this trend, showing robust correlation with bromine, especially after 1940 (<em>r</em>=0.9). Model simulations considering anthropogenic emission changes alone show that atmospheric acidity is the main driver of Br<sub>y</sub> changes, consistent with the observed relationship between acidity and bromine. The influence of atmospheric acidity and Br<sub>y</sub> should be considered in interpretation of ice-core bromine trends.</p>
Combined data file for Jilbert et al. "Anthropogenic Inputs of Terrestrial Organic Matter Influence Carbon Loading and Methanogenesis in Coastal Baltic Sea Sediments", Frontiers in Earth Science 9, 2021
<p>The datafile contains all the new raw data presented in the figures in the publication.</p>
Pacific decadal oscillation influences tropical oxygen minimum zone extent and obscures anthropogenic changes
<p>Model outputs needed to reproduce the figures in the article : "Pacific decadal oscillation influences tropical oxygen minimum zone extent and obscures anthropogenic changes"</p>
Comparing the Influence of Global Warming and Urban Anthropogenic Heat on Extreme Precipitation in Urbanized Pearl River Delta Area Based on WRF Dynamical Downscaling
<p>The simulation outputs from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) v3.8.1 coupled with single layer urban canopy model from three experiments (HIST_AH300, HIST_AH0, and RCP85_AH300).</p> <p>Variables include hourly precipitation, wind, specific humidity, relative humidity, convective available potential energy, convective inhibition, temperature, model height, land use land cover, and topography.</p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.