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12 results for “Aphalara”
Multiple choice of Aphalara itadori for oviposition among three knotweed species
<p>Intraspecific hybridization between distinct populations could increase fitness and adaptive potential of biological control agents that often have low genetic diversity and can be inbred due to long-term laboratory rearing often at small population sizes. Hybridization can also alter host preference and performance when the parental insect populations are adapted to different host plants. We investigated the effects of hybridization between two populations (Northern and Southern) of the psyllid, <em>Aphalara itadori</em>, that have different fitness on three invasive knotweed species (Japanese, giant, and Bohemian). Fecundity, host choice, and developmental success of second-generation reciprocal hybrids and the parental psyllid populations were compared on the three knotweed species in multiple choice tests. Hybridization did not increase fecundity. All three knotweed species were accepted for oviposition without preference by the Southern and the two hybrid psyllid populations. The northern psyllid population laid the most eggs on Bohemian knotweeds but those were maladaptive choices since almost all eggs failed to develop. Developmental success of the parental psyllid populations was highest on the knotweed species they were originally collected from, on Japanese knotweed of the Southern psyllids and on giant knotweed of the Northern psyllids. Hybrids had intermediate or higher survival on given knotweed hosts compared to their parents. These results can inform release tactics of <em>A. itadori </em>in different regions especially where there appears to be climatic and/or host mismatches such as in Michigan. In southern Michigan, based on climate the Northern psyllid population should be released. However, the most common knotweed species in the region are Bohemian and Japanese knotweeds that do not support development of the Northern psyllids. In this case, hybrids that may carry cold adaptations of the Northern psyllids but have better developmental success on the prevailing knotweed species may be considered for release to increase establishment success.</p>
Multiple choice of Aphalara itadori for oviposition among three knotweed species
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FIGURES 6‒13. Habitus. 6. Aphalara avicularis, adult male. 7. Aphalara fasciata, adult male. 8. Aphalara freji, adult male. 9. Aphalara jungsukae, adult male. 10. Craspedolepta formosa, adult male. 11. Craspedolepta formosa, adult female. 12. Craspedolepta yongjungi, adult male. 13 in Check list of jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) of the Korean Peninsula
FIGURES 6‒13. Habitus. 6. Aphalara avicularis, adult male. 7. Aphalara fasciata, adult male. 8. Aphalara freji, adult male. 9. Aphalara jungsukae, adult male. 10. Craspedolepta formosa, adult male. 11. Craspedolepta formosa, adult female. 12. Craspedolepta yongjungi, adult male. 13. Craspedolepta yongjungi, adult female. (Photos 6, 8, 10–13 from Cho et al. (2017a))
FIGURES 1‒8. HABITUS. 1. Aphalara avicularis, ADULT MALE. 2. Aphalara freji, ADULT MALE. 3. Craspedolepta formosa, ADULT MALE. 4. Craspedolepta formosa, ADULT FEMALE. 5 in On the taxonomy of Korean jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)
FIGURES 1‒8. HABITUS. 1. Aphalara avicularis, ADULT MALE. 2. Aphalara freji, ADULT MALE. 3. Craspedolepta formosa, ADULT MALE. 4. Craspedolepta formosa, ADULT FEMALE. 5. Craspedolepta yongjungi sp. nov., ADULT MALE. 6. Craspedolepta yongjungi sp. nov., ADULT FEMALE. 7. Craspedolepta yongjungi sp. nov., FIFTH INSTAR IMMATURE. 8. Calophya nigridorsalis, ADULT MALE.
Figure 5 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 5 Forewing of Aphalara spp. A–D, I, JAphalara ortegaesp. nov. E–H, M, NAphalara ritterisp. nov. K, LAphalara persicariaCaldwell A, B, E, F, I, K, M male C, D, G, H, J, L, N female A, C, E, G venation B, D, F, H surface spinules I–N details of surface spinules. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A–H); 0.2 mm (I–N).
Figure 4 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 4 Head of Aphalara spp. A, CAphalara ortegaesp. nov. B, DAphalara ritterisp. nov. A, B dorsal view C, D ventral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.
Figure 7 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 7 Female terminalia of Aphalara spp. A, B, I Aphalara ortegaesp. nov. C, D, JAphalara persicariaCaldwell E, F, KAphalara ritterisp. nov. G, H, LAphalara similaCaldwell A, C, E, G female terminalia, in profile B, D, F, H valvulae dorsales and ventrales, in profile I–L circumanal ring, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, E, G, I–L); 0.05 mm (B, D, F, H).
Figure 3 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 3 Habitus of Aphalara spp. A–DAphalara ortegaesp. nov. E–HAphalara ritterisp. nov. A, C, E, G male B, D, F, H female A, B, E, F lateral view C, D, G, H dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.
Figure 2 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 2 Persicaria hydropiperoides(Michx.) Small A, C plants with galls by Aphalara ritterisp. nov. B examples of galled and ungalled leaves D plant with flowers E plant growing along pond F artificial habitat in Parque Tingui, Curitiba, PR, Brazil with clusters of P. hydropiperoides (arrow).
Figure 1 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 1 Aphalara ritterisp. nov. A male B female C female on a gall D fifth instar immature with secretions (arrow) E skin in opened gall and aphid F, G egg on a gall.
Figure 6 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 6 Male terminalia of Aphalara spp. A–D Aphalara ortegaesp. nov. E–H Aphalara ritterisp. nov. I, J Aphalara persicariaCaldwell K, LAphalara similaCaldwell A, B, E, F, I, K inner face of paramere, in profile; arrows point to apico-posterior lobe/angle C, D, G, H, J, L distal portion of aedeagus, in profile. Scale bar: 0.05 mm.
Figure 8 from: Burckhardt D, Dalle Cort G, Queiroz DL (2020) Jumping plant lice of the genus Aphalara (Hemiptera, Psylloidea, Aphalaridae) in the Neotropics. ZooKeys 980: 119-140. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.980.56807
Figure 8 Aphalara spp. A, D, GAphalara ortegaesp. nov. B, C, F, IAphalara ritterisp. nov. E, HAphalara persicariaCaldwell A, B female subgenital plate, in ventral view; arrow points to apex C tarsus with arolium and claws of immature D–F fifth instar immature, left body side G–I circumanal ring of fifth instar immature; arrows point to antero-lateral edge and postero-lateral margin. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B); 0.02 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D–F); 0.1 mm (G–I).
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