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85 results for “Aquatic community”
Submersed Aquatic Vegetation community multi-year data from the Sacramento - San Joaquin Delta in California
Since 2007, field data have been collected in the Sacramento - San Joaquin Delta in northern California for the purpose of training and validating invasive species maps derived from remote sensing imagery over the Delta. The field crew collected submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) species location data. For each point they noted attributes such as species name(s), location, cover estimates, and patch size. In addition, a thatching rake tethered to a rope was thrown off the side of the boat and pulled back out of the water; Secchi depth was measured using a Secchi disk and depth to the SAV mat was estimated by the field crew. Points were collected in patches larger than 9 square meters (3 m x 3 m). Point locations were measured using high precision (sub-meter accuracy) Trimble DGPS units (Trimble Navigation Limited, Sunnyvale, California) with Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) differential correction. All data points were exported as ArcGIS shapefiles and projected to UTM Zone 10N, Datum WGS-84 however this dataset includes the Latitude and Longitude of each point in decimal degrees. The spatial and attribute data quality was checked by examining photos of the data points and confirming the identify of the documented species.
Submersed aquatic vegetation community composition in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta integrated across four surveys
Submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) has become widespread in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta), and the diverse SAV assemblage is dominated by non-native species. SAV negatively impacts this estuarine ecosystem by impeding flows needed for water delivery and flood control, degrading habitat needed by native species, increasing breeding habitat for disease-vectoring mosquitoes, harboring non-native predatory fish, and hindering water recreation. The goal of this published integrated dataset is to facilitate study of these impacts. This data set includes four surveys conducted in the region during 2008-2021. Two of these are short-term special studies that have been completed, and two are ongoing long-term annual surveys. The nearshore survey of SAV and largemouth bass was conducted by the University of California-Davis (UC-Davis) at sites across the Delta during 2008-2010. The Aquatic Weed Control Action was completed by the Department of Water Resources as part of the Delta Smelt Resiliency Strategy and included monthly surveys of four sites during 2017-2018. The ongoing survey of Franks Tract is conducted annually by the SePRO corporation and the Division of Boating and Waterways, and available data are from 2014-2021. The ongoing annual survey conducted by the UC-Davis Center for Spatial Technologies and Remote Sensing covers many areas of the Delta and spans 2007-2008 and 2014-2021. Additional data from these ongoing surveys and data from other surveys will be added in subsequent versions of this data set.
Density-dependent effects of exotic brook trout on aquatic communities in mountain lakes revealed by environmental DNA and morphological taxonomy
Invasion of non-native fishes threatens freshwater biodiversity worldwide. Yet, detailed estimates of population demography for invasive species, that estimate population size and body size of the invasive species, are rarely integrated in evaluating aquatic community responses. Our study capitalized on detailed brook trout population demographic data collected for a replicated whole lake ecosystem experiment involving experimental harvesting of exotic brook trout in nine mountain lakes. We applied environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and morphological taxonomy to examine the response of crustacean zooplankton and macroinvertebrate communities to gradients in brook trout effective density and lake elevation. Density-dependent effects of brook trout on crustacean zooplankton and macroinvertebrate communities were detected even decades after their first introductions (between 1926 and 1980). However, they were moderated by environmental factors such as elevation, lake maximum depth and dissolved organic carbon. Elevation was important in structuring crustacean zooplankton and macroinvertebrate community composition. While there were differences in explanatory variables when describing communities characterized by eDNA metabarcoding and morphological taxonomy, the principal environmental factors that structured the communities were similar. Our paper highlights persisting density-dependent impacts of exotic trout on invertebrate communities even decades after first introduction, and it considers the conservation implications for lake restoration.
Consequences of non-random tree species loss on litter mass loss, nutrient dynamics, carbon cycling, and decomposer communities across a terrestrial-aquatic interface at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab, Otto, NC
Although litter decomposition is a fundamental ecological process, most of our understanding comes from studies of single-species decay. Recently, litter-mixing studies have tested whether monoculture data can be applied to mixed-litter systems. These studies have mainly attempted to detect non-additive effects of litter mixing, which address potential consequences of random species loss. The focus is not on which species are lost, but the decline in diversity per se. Under global change, species loss is likely to be non-random, with some species more vulnerable to extinction than others. Under such scenarios, the effects of individual species (additivity) as well as of species interactions (non-additivity) on decomposition rates are of interest. To examine potential impacts of non-random species loss on ecosystems, we studied additive and non-additive effects of litter mixing on decomposition. A full-factorial litterbag experiment was conducted using four deciduous leaf species, from which mass loss and nitrogen content were measured. Data were analysed using a statistical approach that first looks for additive identity effects based on the presence or absence of species and then significant species interactions occurring beyond those. It partitions non-additive effects into those caused by richness and or composition.
Testing a biological mechanism of the insurancehypothesis in experimental aquatic communities - Data Deposit
<p>1.The insurance hypothesis predicts a stabilizing effect of increasing species richness on commu-nity and ecosystem properties. Difference among species’ responses to environmental fluctuationsprovides a general mechanism for the hypothesis. Previous experimental investigations of theinsurance hypothesis have not examined this mechanism directly.</p> <p>2.First, responses to temperature of four protist species were measured in laboratory microcosms.For each species, we measured the response of intrinsic rate of increase (r) and carrying capacity(K) to temperature.</p> <p>3.Next, communities containing pairs of species were exposed to temperature fluctuations. Com-munity biomass varied less when correlation inKbetween species (but notr) was more negative,and this resulted from more negative covariances in population sizes, as predicted. Results werecontingent on species identity, with findings differing between analyses including or not includingcommunities containing one particular species.</p> <p>4.These findings provide the clearest support to date for this mechanism of the insurance hypo-thesis. Biodiversity, in terms of differences in species’ responses to environmental fluctuations (i.e.functional response diversity) stabilizes community dynamics.</p>
Cothran, R. D., F. Radarian, and R. A. Relyea. 2011. Altering aquatic food webs with a global insecticide: Arthropod-amphibian links in mesocosms that simulate wetland communities. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 30:893-912.
Pesticides play a critical role in maximizing yields of economically important crops and minimizing the human health threats of disease-carrying pests, but they often have collateral effects on nontarget species. We used a mesocosm study to address how the most commonly used insecticide in the USA, malathion, applied at low, ecologically relevant concentrations (20 and 110 mg/L) affects species interactions in aquatic communities. Unlike many community ecotoxicology studies, our study assessed how malathion affects both consumptive and nonconsumptive effects of predators. We also considered how the vertical distribution of predator cues and malathion (caused by potential stratification) affects species interactions. We found no evidence for vertical stratification of malathion, a result suggesting that exposure to the pesticide was uniform throughout the water column. Malathion was lethal to some primary consumers (cladocerans) at both concentrations and to top predators (dragonflies) at the highest concentration (110 mg/L). These lethal effects initiated density-mediated indirect effects in both cases. Malathion also may have decreased dragonfly foraging efficiency, resulting in increased tadpole survival (trait-mediated indirect effect), which decreased the resources used by tadpoles (periphyton). Collectively, our results show that malathion alters species interactions. However, we suggest that the degree to which pesticides affect aquatic communities will depend strongly on the species composition of communities. Therefore, the community-level consequences of pesticide exposure are likely to vary across the ecological landscape.
Community structure of aquatic vertebrates and macroinvertebrates in relation to hydrologic variables in the Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida USA: Ongoing since 2012
The purpose of this project is to characterize the community structure of aquatic fauna (macroinvertebrates and fishes) and floating mats (including periphyton) across the heterogenous landscape of the NE Shark River Slough in Everglades NP. The community structure (abundance, biomass, and species composition) of floating mat, emergent vascular plants, fishes, and macroinvertebrates, and the spatial distribution of the latter in relation to hydrology, are among the key performance measures targeted for monitoring. The aim of our study is to provide a baseline characterization of these parameters so that the impact of future management activities (e.g., Modified Water Deliveries and Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan) can be assessed. The study area is sampled during the late wet season (September through November) to capture data when all sites are innundated with water and aquatic animal standing stocks are typically at their maximum. We document landscape-scale patterns in the NE Shark River Slough from this comprehensive sampling.
Figure 3 in Temporal dynamics of invertebrate and aquatic plant communities at three intermittent ponds in livestock grazed Patagonian wetlands
Figure 3. Seasonal variation of total taxa richness (A), mean density (A), and relative contribution of biomass (B) of most abundant groups of aquatic invertebrates at three ponds in a Patagonian wetland (Mallín Crespo) during the study period (May 2008 to April 2009). Livestock stocking period is indicated by the black bar.
Figure 1 in Composition and spatio-temporal dynamics of aquatic bird community in humid areas of Alto Parana Atlantic Forest
Figure 1. Map of the RPPN Foz do Rio Aguapeí and location of the six studied areas in the RPPN Foz do Rio Aguapeí. Legend: (1) Lagoa São Gabriel; (2) Lagoa das Piranhas; (3) Lagoa dos Porcos; (4) Constructed wetland; (5) Aguapei river –; and (6) Lagoa da sede. Sources: CESP (2013) and Google Earth (2021).
Figure 2 in Composition and spatio-temporal dynamics of aquatic bird community in humid areas of Alto Parana Atlantic Forest
Figure 2. Cumulative curve of the 52 waterfowl bird species in the RPPN Foz do Rio Aguapeí showing stability from sample 27 to 31.
Figure 3 in Composition and spatio-temporal dynamics of aquatic bird community in humid areas of Alto Parana Atlantic Forest
Figure 3. NMDS (stress of 0.097) of the spatial distribution of the aquatic bird community recorded by the transect method in the lagoons of the RPPN Foz do Aguapeí, during the dry (rounded symbols) and rainy seasons (square symbols). Legend: LS = Lagoa da Sede; LSG = Lagoa São Gabriel; LP = Lagoa da Piranha and LPO = Lagoa dos Porcos.
Figure 4 in Composition and spatio-temporal dynamics of aquatic bird community in humid areas of Alto Parana Atlantic Forest
Figure 4. NMDS (stress of 0.001) of the spatial distribution of the aquatic bird community recorded by the transect method in the lotic environments of the RPPN Foz do Aguapeí, during the dry (rounded symbols) and rainy seasons (square symbols). Legend: AR = Aguapeí River and CW = Constructed wetland.
Fig. 1 in Trophic Structure Of Amphibian And Reptile Communities In Terrestrial And Aquatic Ecosystems Of Belarus
Fig. 1. Scheme of food relations of amphibians and reptiles in communities of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of Belarus.
Fig. 2 in Trophic Structure Of Amphibian And Reptile Communities In Terrestrial And Aquatic Ecosystems Of Belarus
Fig. 2. Degree of similarity of taxonomic composition of food ration of amphibians and reptilesentomophages in natural ecosystems of Belarus.
Fig. 3 in Aquatic insects as the main food resource of fish the community in a Neotropical reservoir
Fig. 3. Cluster analysis of diet similarity among species, showing the trophic guilds of the fish community from the Nova Avanhandava Reservoir.
Fig. 4 in Aquatic insects as the main food resource of fish the community in a Neotropical reservoir
Fig. 4. Relative catch per unit effort (CPUE) in number (CPUEn) and biomass (CPUEb) of trophic guilds of the fish community of the Nova Avanhandava Reservoir.
Fig. 1 in Aquatic insects as the main food resource of fish the community in a Neotropical reservoir
Fig. 1. Position of the NovaAvanhandava Reservoir in the Tietê River, and the location of the sampling stretches: Santa Bárbara stretch (1) and Bonito Stretch (2) (modified from CESP, 1998). Squares = municipalities of São Paulo State.
Fig. 5 in Aquatic invertebrate communities of perennial pans in Mpumalanga, South Africa: a diversity and functional approach
Fig. 5. RDA tri-plot illustrating the similarities between the various sites (and surveys) and the physicochemical variables. The tri-plot describes 45.3 % of the variation, with 22.3 % being described on the first axis and 23 % on the second axis. Only the taxa of which more than 10 % is explained by the model and the 15 most significant environmental variables are visualised.
Fig. 2 in Aquatic invertebrate communities of perennial pans in Mpumalanga, South Africa: a diversity and functional approach
Fig. 2. MDS ordination of the invertebrate communities (diversity) of the selected pans with similarities based on agglomerative cluster analysis overlain. Numbers 1–9 represent the different pans, while repeated numbers represent the various sampling occasions.
Fig. 4 in Aquatic invertebrate communities of perennial pans in Mpumalanga, South Africa: a diversity and functional approach
Fig. 4. Mean and standard deviation of the Shannon diversity index, Simpson's index, Margalef's species richness index, and Pielou's evenness index for each of the pans. The mean was obtained from the results of the various sampling surveys and as a result, the standard deviation indicates seasonal variation.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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