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Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch (BR0000024497275)

Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.

Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch (BR0000024497282)

Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.

Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch (BR0000024497299)

Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.

Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch (BR0000024497268)

Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.

Fig. 3 in Morphometric and molecular differences among Calvertius tuberosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) populations associated with Andean and coastal populations of Araucaria araucana in the La Araucanía Region, Chile

Fig. 3. Neighbor-joining dendrogram of morphometrics measurements; 1. Villa Las Araucarias, 2. Nahuelbuta, 3. Malalcahuello.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

Tree stem diameter and height of Araucaria araucana, Nothofagus pumilio and Nothofagus dombeyi in mixed stands affected to different levels by anthropogenic disturbance in south-central Chile

Context: Around half of the Araucaria-Nothofagus forests in Chile are affected by anthropogenic disturbances such as logging, grazing, and seed harvesting, causing forest structure to become more heterogeneous. This can critically affect natural regeneration and stand development. It also challenges forest management and yield estimations, involving tree height predictions. The data allow to assess the impact of anthropogenic disturbances on forest structure and to identify optimal tree height models and calibration designs. Based on the data provided, a general workflow for this purpose was developed and published on GitHub as R software (Zhou & Zwanzig 2022). Location: Mixed Araucaria-Nothofagus forests of the Andes Cordillera in the Araucaria Region in south-central Chile. Latitude, longitude and altitude of the plots is provided in the data table. Taxon: Monkey Puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch), Lenga Beech (Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser), Coigue (Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst.) Methods: A total of twelve stands were studied at four different sites and classified into four different intensities of anthropogenic disturbance depending on the intensity of the combined effects of logging, grazing and seed harvesting. In 25 to 36 plots per stand, horizontal point sampling measurements of stem diameter as well as of height of selected trees were carried out using a basal area factor of 4 m² per hectare. Diameter at breast height (DBH, in cm) was measured for all selected trees and total tree height (HT, in m) was measured for one-third of them using a Haga device. For ten of the plots, in which no trees were found by horizontal point sampling, 'NA' is entered for species and no values are given for DBH and HT in the data table. Funding: The field data collection was funded through the project 016/2019 “Indicadores fenológicos y estructurales de alteración de hábitat en bosques de Araucaria”, being part of the Fondo de Investigación del Bosque Nativo (FIBN) of the Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF) and the Ministry of Agriculture of Chile. Contributions: JH, PC and AP conceived the field study and acquired the funds; EK, JH, PC and AP performed the empirical observations; XZ, EK and MZ reviewed and processed the data collection for publication.

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Fig. 4 in Morphometric and molecular differences among Calvertius tuberosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) populations associated with Andean and coastal populations of Araucaria araucana in the La Araucanía Region, Chile

Fig. 4. ISSR analysis. (A): Dendrogram for the populations studied (control group A. viridans).

FIGURE 4 in Ophiostoma pehueninum, a new species associated with Araucaria araucana in Chile

FIGURE 4. Colony morphology of Ophiostoma pehueninum (holotype) after 21 d growth at 25 °C on MEA, PDA and OA (from left to right).

FIGURE 1 in Ophiostoma pehueninum, a new species associated with Araucaria araucana in Chile

FIGURE 1. Phylogram obtained from ML analysis of the ITS region showing the placement in Ophiostoma s. str. of the isolates collected in Araucaria araucana. Bootstrap values ≥ 75 % are recorded at nodes as ML/MP (* = bootstrap values lower than 75 %).

FIGURE 3 in Ophiostoma pehueninum, a new species associated with Araucaria araucana in Chile

FIGURE 3. Ophiostoma pehueninum (RGM 2389, holotype). A: Blastic conidia in the apex of conidiogenous cell. B, C: Conidia revealing narrowly spaced, over the conidiophore, and wide basal insertion. D: Conidia with repeated percurrent proliferations of the conidiogenous cell (in the box conidia with basal scar), E. Conidiogenous cell revealing narrowly spaced scar due to repeated percurrent proliferations, in the long axis (arrows). F: Apparent synchronic born of blastic conidia with repeated percurrent proliferations in the apex of sessile conidiogenous cell in the width mycelia, G: Secondary conidia. H: Group of ascomata in submerged water agar with sterilized Araucaria twigs. I: Perithecia with long neck and peridial hyphae around the base (in the box, ascospores with huge increase). J: Ascomata apex necks with divergent ostiolar hyphae and ascospore. Scale bar: A-G and I (small box) = 5 μm; H-I = 100 μm; J = 10 μm.

FIGURE 2 in Ophiostoma pehueninum, a new species associated with Araucaria araucana in Chile

FIGURE 2. Phylogram obtained from ML analysis of the β-tubulin (left) and EF-1α (right) gene region for selected species in Ophiostoma s. str. Bootstrap values ≥ 75 % are recorded at nodes as ML/MP (* = bootstrap values lower than 75 %).

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Araucaria araucana (Molina) K.Koch (BR0000005439065)

Belgium Herbarium image of <a href="https://www.plantentuinmeise.be">Meise Botanic Garden</a>.

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Fig. 1 in Morphometric and molecular differences among Calvertius tuberosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) populations associated with Andean and coastal populations of Araucaria araucana in the La Araucanía Region, Chile

Fig. 1. Morphology of a generalized Curculionidae, with the morphometrics measurements used (adapted from Marvaldi and Lanteri, 2005).

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Fig. 2 in Morphometric and molecular differences among Calvertius tuberosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) populations associated with Andean and coastal populations of Araucaria araucana in the La Araucanía Region, Chile

Fig. 2. ISSR patterns of expression for C. tuberosus from Malalcahuello (1-1, 1-2, 1-3), Villa Las Araucarias (2-1, 2-2, 2-3) and Nahuelbuta (3-1, 3-2, 3-3).