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47 results for “Assessment Tree”

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zenodo44/100

Tree mortality risks under climate change in Europe: assessment of silviculture practices and genetic conservation networks

<p>General context: Climate change can positively or negatively affect abiotic and biotic drivers of tree mortality. Process-based models integrating these climatic effects are only seldom used at species distribution scale.</p> <p>Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the multi-causal mortality risk of five major European forest tree species across their distribution range from an ecophysiological perspective, to quantify the impact of forest management practices on this risk and to identify threats on the genetic conservation network.</p> <p><br> Methods: We used the process-based ecophysiological model CASTANEA to simulate the mortality risk of \textit{Fagus sylvatica}, \textit{Quercus petraea}, \textit{Pinus sylvestris}, \textit{Pinus pinaster} and \textit{Picea abies} under current and future climate conditions, while considering local silviculture practices. The mortality risk was assessed by a composite risk index \textit{(CRIM)} integrating the risks of carbon starvation, hydraulic failure and frost damage. We took into account extreme climatic events with the \textit{CRIM$_{max}$}, computed as the maximum annual value of the \textit{CRIM}.</p> <p><br> Results: The physiological processes&#39; contributions to \textit{CRIM} differed among species: it was mainly driven by hydraulic failure for \textit{P. sylvestris} and \textit{Q. petraea}, by frost damage for \textit{P. abies}, by carbon starvation for \textit{P. pinaster}, and by a combination of hydraulic failure and frost damage for \textit{F. sylvatica}. Under future climate, projection showed an increase of \textit{CRIM} for \textit{P. pinaster} but a decrease for \textit{P. abies}, \textit{Q. petraea} and \textit{F. sylvatica}, and little variation for \textit{P. sylvestris}. Under the harshest future climatic scenario, forest management decreased the mean \textit{CRIM} for \textit{P. sylvestris}, increased it for \textit{P. abies} and \textit{P. pinaster} and had no major impact for the two broadleaved species. By the year 2100, 38\% to 90\% of the conservation units are at extinction threat (\textit{CRIM$_{max}$}=1), depending on the species.</p> <p><br> Conclusions: Using a process-based ecophysiological model allowed us to disentangle the multiple drivers of tree mortality under current and future climate. Taking into account the positive effect of increased CO$_2$ on fertilization and water use efficiency, the average risks may increase or decrease in the future depending on species and sites. However, considering extreme climatic events, future projections are as pessimistic than those obtained with bioclimatic niche models.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Abbreviation for column:</p> <p>X&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Longitude<br> Y&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Latitude<br> LAImax&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Leaf area index max reach<br> Nha&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Density per hectar<br> Vha&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Volume per hectar<br> NEE&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Net ecosystem exchange<br> NPP&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;net primary production<br> Reco&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Respiration ecosystem<br> GPP&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Gross primary production<br> Etveg&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Evapotranspiration canopy<br> Etsol&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Evapotranspiration sol<br> TR&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;tree transpiration<br> ETP&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;evapotranspiration potentiel<br> BiomassOfReserves&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Biomass of reserve<br> rw&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;ring width<br> dbh&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;diameter at breast heast<br> height&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;height<br> BBday&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Budburst date<br> rFD&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;risk of frost<br> CRIM_max&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Maximum combined risk index of mortality reach<br> rNSC&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;risk of carbon starvation<br> rPLC&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;risk of embolism<br> rPLC_max&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Maximum risk of embolism reach<br> CRIM&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;combined risk index of mortality<br> Climate&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Climatic model<br> rNSC_max&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;maximum risk of carbon starvation reach<br> rFD_max&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Maximum risk of frost&nbsp; reach<br> Scenario_Sylvicol&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;null means no silvulcture simulated<br> species&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;species<br> Country&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;Country<br> alt_watch&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;altitude of climate simulated<br> grid_watch&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;number of the pixel point of WATCH<br> grid_eurocordex&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;number of the pixel point of Eurocordex<br> Pinus_sylvestris&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0 abscence&nbsp;; 1 presence<br> Fagus_sylvatica&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0 abscence&nbsp;; 1 presence<br> Quercus_petraea&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0 abscence&nbsp;; 1 presence<br> Picea_abies&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0 abscence&nbsp;; 1 presence<br> Pinus_pinaster&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;0 abscence&nbsp;; 1 presence</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2020View details →
dryad40/100

Data from: Seeing the Forest for the trees: Assessing genetic offset predictions from Gradient Forest

<p><span>Gradient Forest (GF) is a machine learning algorithm designed to analyze spatial patterns of biodiversity as a function of environmental gradients. An offset measure between the GF predicted environmental association of adapted alleles and a new environment (GF Offset), is increasingly being used to predict the loss of environmentally adapted alleles under rapid environmental change, but remains mostly untested for this purpose. Here we explore the robustness of GF Offset to assumption violations, and its relationship to measures of fitness, using SLiM simulations with explicit genome architecture and a spatial metapopulation. We evaluate measures of GF Offset in: (1) a neutral model with no environmental adaptation; (2) a monogenic "population genetic" model with a single environmentally adapted locus; and (3) a polygenic "quantitative genetic" model with two adaptive traits, each adapting to a different environment. We found GF Offset to be broadly correlated with fitness offsets under both single locus and polygenic architectures. However, neutral demography, genomic architecture, and the nature of the adaptive environment can all confound relationships between GF Offset and fitness. GF Offset is a promising tool, but it is important to understand its limitations and underlying assumptions, especially when used in the context of predicting maladaptation.</span></p>

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →
zenodo40/100

Figure 1 in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event

Figure 1. Distribution of Litoria myola sp. nov. (formerly termed iS) and the northern (N) and southern (S) lineages of Litoria genimaculata in the Wet Tropics, northeast Queensland. CT, Carbine Tableland; BMC, Black Mountain Corridor; LR, Lamb Range; BK, Bellenden Ker Range; AT, Atherton Tableland; MT, Malbon Thompson Range; GR, Graham Range.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2007View details →
zenodo40/100

Figure 2 in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event

Figure 2. Litoria myola, sp. nov., males (A, a pale individual; B, a heavily marked individual), Kuranda, north-east Queensland.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2007View details →
zenodo40/100

Figure 3 in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event

Figure 3. Spectrogram of the courtship call of Litoria myola sp. nov. (recorded at an air temperature of 25 °C). The spectrogram displays a single courtship call consisting of six notes ('tocs'). The degree of shading displays call intensity.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2007View details →
zenodo40/100

Figure 7 in Description, biology and conservation of a new species of Australian tree frog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) and an assessment of the remaining populations of Litoria genimaculata Horst, 1883: systematic and conservation implications of an unusual speciation event

Figure 7. Rainforest stream habitat, with rocky (A) and sandy (B) substrate, Kuranda, north-east Queensland. Litoria myola sp. nov. and Litoria genimaculata are present at both sites.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2007View details →
zenodo40/100

Assessment of risk and vulnerability to disasters by field protocols and classification trees: an analysis of the Municipal Risk Reduction Plans (MRRP) of São Bernardo do Campo and Franco da Rocha (2020-2021), in Brazil

<p><span>Most disaster risk assessment methodologies were developed by natural science professionals. The UN Sendai Framework confirms the need to include these methods as interweaving complex networks of socially vulnerable financial processes, especially in developing countries. This work aimed to analyze the experience of including social vulnerability information in field protocols of the Municipal Risk Reduction Plans (MRRP) of S&atilde;o Bernardo do Campo and Franco da Rocha (2020-2021). A georeferenced database was structured with data from field protocols on risk sectors and then the relationship between vulnerability and risk was analyzed using the classification tree method. The results show that the geotechnical and social vulnerability variables relevant to risk attribution are largely overlapping over the sectors, but that the integrated analysis of the two dimensions allows a better interpretation of the risk level. However, the models with information from field protocols cannot replace a broader holistic assessment by the specialist in the field. Finally, qualitative reflections are made on the limitations and potential of including aspects of vulnerability in the specific case study.</span></p>

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →
zenodo40/100

Fig. 5. Maximum likelihood tree for 28S in Fig. 1 in Fig. 4 in Identification of Sexually Dimorphic Genes in Pectoral Fin as Molecular Markers for Assessing the Sex of Japanese Silver Eels ().

Fig. 5. Maximum likelihood tree for 28S (A) and COX1 (B) genes. Red branches indicate the presence of tubercles on the RV margin.

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →
dryad40/100

Data for: Using spatial patterns of seeds and saplings to assess the prevalence of heterospecific replacements among cloud forest canopy tree species

<p><b>Questions:</b> To gain insights into the role of species-by-species replacements in cloud forest community structuring, we asked: (1) What are the effects of the spatial distribution of standing individuals on the seed rain, soil seed bank, and sapling density and survival in this cloud forest? and (2) What is the prevalence of conspecific vs<i>.</i> heterospecific replacements in the regeneration of this forest?</p> <p><b>Location:</b> Santo Tomás Teipan, Oaxaca State, southern Mexico.</p> <p><b>Methods:</b> In a 1-ha cloud forest plot we assessed seed rain, seed bank, and sapling density and survival of four canopy tree species (<i>Chiranthodendron pentadactylon</i>, <i>Cornus disciflora</i>,<i> Quercus laurina</i>, <i>Oreopanax</i> <i>xalapensis</i>). All standing individuals of these and other tree species (dbh ≥ 2.5 cm) were mapped. We used neighbourhood models to examine the spatial patterns of the three life cycle stages relative to the spatial distribution of adults. The neighbourhood effect was assessed through the Neighbourhood Index, which integrates information on size (dbh) and distance to adults. Data analysis was based on maximum likelihood and model selection procedures.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> We found large between-species differences regarding the spatial patterns of seeds and saplings. Three species showed evidence for the Janzen-Connell effect operating at the seed (<i>C. pentadactylon</i> and <i>Q. laurina</i>) or sapling (<i>O.</i> <i>xalapensis</i>) stage. We also found support for a critical role of specific microsite factors (i.e., niche differentiation) in the regeneration of two species (<i>C. pentadactylon</i> and <i>C. disciflora</i>).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b>  Seed and sapling distribution patterns suggest the prevalence of heterospecific replacements, and that both Janzen-Connell and niche differentiation effects contribute to this pattern. Our results largely support the notion that the prevalence of heterospecific replacements among canopy species promotes species coexistence in cloud forest.</p>

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →
dryad40/100

Data for: Using spatial patterns of seeds and saplings to assess the prevalence of heterospecific replacements among cloud forest canopy tree species

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publicSep 2021View details →
dryad40/100

Tree mortality in an agricultural landscape of Southwestern Panama assessed using remote sensing and field data

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publicApr 2025View details →
dryad40/100

Data from: Seeing the Forest for the trees: Assessing genetic offset predictions from Gradient Forest

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publicMay 2022View details →
dryad36/100

Data from: Savannas after afforestation: assessment of herbaceous community responses to wildfire versus native tree planting

<p>Afforestation and fire exclusion are pervasive threats to tropical savannas. In Brazil, laws limiting prescribed burning hinder the study of fire in the restoration of Cerrado plant communities. We took advantage of a 2017 wildfire to evaluate the potential for tree cutting and fire to promote the passive restoration of savanna herbaceous plant communities after destruction by exotic tree plantations. We sampled a burned pine plantation (Burned Plantation); a former plantation that was harvested and burned (Harvested &amp; Burned); an unburned former plantation that was harvested, planted with native trees, and treated with herbicide to control invasive grasses (Native Tree Planting); and two old-growth savannas which served as reference communities. Our results confirm that herbaceous plant communities on post-afforestation sites are very different from old-growth savannas. Among post-afforestation sites, Harvested &amp; Burned herbaceous communities were modestly more similar in composition to old-growth savannas, had slightly higher richness of savanna plants (3.8 species per 50-m2), and supported the greatest cover of native herbaceous plants (56%). These positive trends in herbaceous community recovery would be missed in assessments of tree cover: whereas canopy cover in the Harvested &amp; Burned site was 6% (less than typical of savannas of the Cerrado), the Burned Plantation and Native Tree Planting, supported 34% and 19% cover, respectively. By focusing on savanna herbaceous plants, these results highlight that tree cutting and fire, not simply tree planting and fire exclusion, should receive greater attention in efforts to restore savannas of the Cerrado.</p>

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →
zenodo36/100

Genus level DNA sequence data for three genes (matK, rbcL, trnH-psbA) for the paper: A comprehensive, genus-level time-calibrated phylogeny of the tree flora of Mediterranean Europe and an assessment of its vulnerability

<p>This data file contains the consensus DNA sequences in fasta format, of 64 tree genera found in Mediterranean Europe, following the checklist of M&eacute;dail et al. (2019).&nbsp;</p> <p>The data are used in a manuscript submitted for publication to Botany Letters and currently under revision. The manuscript is entitled: &quot;<em>A comprehensive, genus-level time-calibrated phylogeny of the tree flora of Mediterranean Europe and an assessment of its vulnerability</em>&quot;. Its authors are: Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh, Marcial Escudero, Loic Ponge<sup>*</sup>, Anne-Christine Monnet, Juan Arroyo, Toni Nikolic, Gianluigi Bacchetta, Francesca Bagnoli, Panayotis Dimopoulos, Agathe Leriche, Fr&eacute;d&eacute;ric M&eacute;dail, Anne Roig, Ilaria Spanu, Giovanni Giuseppe Vendramin, Arndt Hampe, Bruno Fady.</p>

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2019View details →
dryad36/100

Protecting the resource: an assessment of mitigation methods used to protect large trees from African elephant impact in a savanna system

<p>African elephants (<em>Loxodonta africana</em>) can alter the structural components of savanna ecosystems, often through the reduction of the large tree (&gt;5 m height) cover component. Elephant impact can be amplified in small, protected areas, or areas where water is readily available to elephants. One management option is to protect large trees directly using applied mitigation methods to limit elephant impact. In this paper, we assessed and compared the effectiveness and logistical requirements of four mitigation methods that have been applied to protect large trees from elephant impact in South Africa's Greater Kruger National Park - namely African honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera scutellata</em>) in beehives; creosote oil in glass jars, concrete pyramids arranged in circles around trees, as well as wire-netting the trees' main stems. For each method, elephant impact levels and tree mortality rates were measured over a 2–5-year period depending on the method in use. Sample sizes ranged from 43 to 59 trees per mitigation method, with a comparable control, which was a tree of the same species and morphological dimensions but lacking any mitigation application. Beehives were the most effective method at reducing tree loss, significantly reducing tree mortality from 34% (6.8%/year) in control trees to only 10% (2%/year) over the five-year experimental period. However, beehives were the most expensive method to apply to a tree, although this cost can be compensated through honey sales. Concrete pyramids reduced tree loss when the combined pyramid radius was &gt;1.5 m in length, whilst wire-netting was effective against bark-stripping by elephants but was still vulnerable to heavier forms of impact such as uprooting and stem snapping. Creosote jars did not prevent elephants from impacting treated trees. Our results provide managers with a toolkit for protecting large trees against elephant impact, commenting on both the efficacy and the logistical constraints for each method.</p>

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →
dryad36/100

Data from: Savannas after afforestation: assessment of herbaceous community responses to wildfire versus native tree planting

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publicJul 2020View details →
dryad36/100

Protecting the resource: an assessment of mitigation methods used to protect large trees from African elephant impact in a savanna system

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publicSep 2023View details →
dryad36/100

Data from: Where money grows on trees: a socio-ecological assessment of land use change in an agricultural frontier

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publicMay 2023View details →
dryad32/100

Data from: Combining US and Canadian forest inventories to assess habitat suitability and migration potential of 25 tree species under climate change

Aim: To evaluate current and future dynamics of 25 tree species spanning USA and Canada. Location: USA and Canada Methods: We combine, for the first time, the species compositions from relative importance derived from the USA's Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) with gridded estimates based on Canada's National Forest Inventory (NFI-kNN) ) based photo plot data to evaluate future habitats and colonization potentials for 25 tree species. Using 21 climatic variables under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, we model climatic habitat suitability (HQ) within a consensus based multi-model ensemble regression approach. A migration model is used to assess colonization likelihoods (CL) for ~100 years and combined with HQ to evaluate the various combinations of HQ+CL outcomes for the 25 species. Results: At a continental scale, many species in the conterminous USA lose suitable climatic habitat (especially under RCP 8.5) while Canada and USA's Alaska gain climate habitat. For most species, even under optimistic migration rates, only a small portion of overall future suitable habitat is projected to be naturally colonized in ~ 100 years, although considerable variation exists among species. Main conclusions: For the species examined here, habitat losses were primarily experienced along southern range limits, while habitat gains were associated with northern range limits (especially under RCP 8.5). However, for many species, southern range limits are projected to remain relatively intact, albeit with reduced habitat quality. Our models predict that only a small portion of the climatic habitat generated by climate change will be colonized naturally by the end of the current century - even with optimistic tree migration rates. However, considerable variation among species points to the need for significant management efforts, including assisted migration, for economic or ecological reasons. Our work highlights the need to employ range-wide data, evaluate colonization potentials, and enhance cross-border collaborations.

opencc-zeroMay 2021View details →
dryad32/100

Data from: Networks, trees, and treeshrews: assessing support and identifying conflict with multiple loci and a problematic root

Multiple unlinked genetic loci often provide a more comprehensive picture of evolutionary history than any single gene can, but analyzing multigene data presents particular challenges. Differing rates and patterns of nucleotide substitution, combined with the limited information available in any data set, can make it difficult to specify a model of evolution. In addition, conflict among loci can be the result of real differences in evolutionary process or of stochastic variance and errors in reconstruction. We used 6 presumably unlinked nuclear loci to investigate relationships within the mammalian family Tupaiidae (Scandentia), containing all but one of the extant tupaiid genera. We used a phylogenetic mixture model to analyze the concatenated data and compared this with results using partitioned models. We found that more complex models were not necessarily preferred under tests using Bayes factors and that model complexity affected both tree length and parameter variance. We also compared the results of single-gene and multigene analyses and used splits networks to analyze the source and degree of conflict among genes. Networks can show specific relationships that are inconsistent with each other; these conflicting and minority relationships, which are implicitly ignored or collapsed by traditional consensus methods, can be useful in identifying the underlying causes of topological uncertainty. In our data, conflict is concentrated around particular relationships, not widespread throughout the tree. This pattern is further clarified by considering conflict surrounding the root separately from conflict within the ingroup. Uncertainty in rooting may be because of the apparent evolutionary distance separating these genera and our outgroup, the tupaiid genus Dendrogale. Unlike a previous mitochondrial study, these nuclear data strongly suggest that the genus Tupaia is not monophyletic with respect to the monotypic Urogale, even when uncertainty about rooting is taken into account. These data concur with mitochondrial DNA on other relationships, including the close affinity of Tupaia tana with the enigmatic Tupaia splendidula and of Tupaia belangeri with Tupaia glis. We also discuss the taxonomic and biogeographic implications of these results.

opencc-zeroDec 2008View details →

ScienceDex guides

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Allen Brain Atlas

Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.

allen-brain-atlas
neuroscienceopenDocumentation, web resources, and API references are available online.
Last verified 2026-04-30Open record

Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)

ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.

abode-home-cage
behavioral-neuroscienceopenThe DataShare record exposes download links for annotations, documentation, license text, and the zipped per-snippet data directory.
Last verified 2026-04-30Open record

DANDI Archive for NWB datasets

DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.

dandi-nwb
electrophysiologyopenPublished Dandiset metadata and archive endpoints are available through the production DANDI API.
Last verified 2026-04-30Open record

International Brain Laboratory public data

The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.

ibl
behavioral-neuroscienceopenPublic sessions can be searched and loaded from the IBL public data server through ONE.
Last verified 2026-04-29Open record

OpenNeuro

OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.

openneuro
neuroscienceopenPublished datasets are available on demand over the internet.
Last verified 2026-04-29Open record