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6 results for “Australian passerine”
Weighing the cost: the impact of serial heatwaves on body mass in a small Australian passerine
<p>Rising temperatures pose a grave risk to arid zone birds because they are already living close to their physiological limits and must balance water conservation against the need for evaporative cooling. We assess how extreme temperatures affect a wild population of small passerines by monitoring daily mass change in individual Jacky Winters (a small Australasian robin; <i>Microeca fascinans</i>) across a series of severe heatwaves that afflicted southern Australia in the summer of 2018-19. Daily maximum temperature and duration of heat exposure were negatively related to the birds' ability to maintain body mass. At maximum temperatures ≥42<sup>o</sup>C, birds lost 2.0% of their body mass daily and at ≥45<sup>o</sup>C, 2.6%. Apparent mortality increased almost three-fold, and all breeding birds abandoned their nests. Nevertheless, net daily mass loss was less than might be expected from laboratory-based findings, presumably because wild Jacky Winters undertook behavioural thermoregulation. The birds also regained some mass between heatwave events and suffered no long-term reduction in body condition.</p>
Spatial variation in avian bill size is associated with temperature extremes in a major radiation of Australian passerines
<p>Morphology is integral to body temperature regulation. Recent advances in understanding of thermal physiology suggest a role of the avian bill in thermoregulation. To explore the adaptive significance of bill size for thermoregulation we characterized relationships between bill size and climate extremes. Most previous studies have focussed on climate means, ignoring extremes, and do not reflect thermoregulatory costs experienced over shorter time scales. Using 79 species (9,847 museum specimens), we explore how bill size variation is associated with temperature extremes in a large and diverse radiation of Australasian birds, Meliphagides. Overall, across the continent, bill size variation was associated with both climate extremes and means and was most strongly associated with winter temperatures; associations at the level of climate zones differed from continent-wide associations, were complex and non-linear, yet consistent with physiology and a thermoregulatory role for avian bills. We provide strong evidence that climate extremes have contributed to the evolution of bill morphology in relation to thermoregulation and demonstrate the importance of including extremes to understand fine-scale trait variation across space. Increasing frequency and intensity of climate extremes, a signature of climate change, may lead to changes in bill size, but this is yet to be tested.</p>
Weighing the cost: the impact of serial heatwaves on body mass in a small Australian passerine
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Spatial variation in avian bill size is associated with temperature extremes in a major radiation of Australian passerines
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Data from: Effects of extreme weather on two sympatric Australian passerine bird species
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Data from: Brood parasitism is linked to egg pattern diversity within and among species of Australian passerines
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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