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1,551 results for “Availability”
Experimental soil metabolism responses to oxygen availability and carbon pulses
Soil metabolism rates were measured in experimental flow-through reactors (FTRs) in order to assess responses to oxygen availability (i.e., redox conditions) and pulsed inputs of bioavailable carbon. The oxygen and carbon manipulations were meant to simulate patchy conditions in the rhizosphere of Spartina alterniflora marshes. The experiment was conducted over 97 days. During the first 84 days, pulses were applied weekly and metabolic responses were measured 1 and 5 days later. After the final carbon pulse, metabolism responses were followed for another 13 days in order to assess starvation responses. We used soils from Airport marsh on Sapelo Island.
Photosynthetic available radiation (PAR) measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
SALTEx (Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment) is a field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Light availability was measured using photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) both above and below the plant canopy.
Effects of Prey Availability on Sarracenia Physiology at Harvard Forest 2005
Allometric relationships exist between maximal mass-based net photosynthetic rates, leaf mass per unit area, and foliar Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) content, which hold across a diverse spectrum of over 2500 plant species worldwide. Carnivorous plants depart from this spectrum because they dedicate substantial leaf area to capturing prey, from which they derive N and P under very nutrient-limiting situations. We conducted a manipulative feeding experiment to test whether morphological and physiological allometric relationships of carnivorous plants when nutrients are not limiting are more similar to allometric relationships of non-carnivorous plants. We examined the effects of prey availability on photosynthetic rate (Amass), chlorophyll fluorescence, growth, architecture, and foliar nutrient and chlorophyll content of ten pitcher plant (Sarracenia) species. We tested the hypothesis that increased prey availability would stimulate Amass of one or more leaves, increase photosynthetic N- and P-use efficiencies (PNUEN, PNUEP), increase relative biomass allocation to photosynthetically efficient, non-predatory phyllodes rather than pitchers, increase overall plant biomass, and reduce stress-related chlorophyll fluorescence. This is the first multi-species, controlled feeding experiment using realistic prey treatments, measuring these physiological parameters directly, and elucidating mechanisms of nutrient stoichiometry and allometry in carnivorous plants. Increased prey availability increased chlorophyll content, Amass and photosystem efficiency (the Fv/Fm ratio) across the 10 Sarracenia species. These increases were most evident in younger leaves, as older leaves rapidly translocated nutrients to newer, growing tissues. Better-fed plants produced a significantly higher proportion of phyllodes than controls. Higher prey availability was associated with lower N:P ratios, and a shift from P- to N-limitation. PNUEP was significantly enhanced by supplementary feeding, w
Effect of Prey Availability on Sarracenia Purpurea Stoichiometry at Belvidere Bog, Vermont 2002
The carnivorous pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea receives nutrients from both captured prey and atmospheric deposition, making it a good subject for the study of ecological stoichiometry and nutrient limitation. We added prey in a manipulative field experiment and measured nutrient accumulation in pitcher-plant tissue and pitcher liquid, as well as changes in plant morphology, growth, and photosynthetic rate. Prey addition had no effect on traditional measures of nutrient limitation (leaf morphology, growth, or photosynthetic rate). However, stoichiometric measures of nutrient limitation were affected, as the concentration of both N and P in the leaf tissue increased with the addition of prey. Pitcher fluid pH and nitrate concentration did not vary among treatments, although dissolved oxygen levels decreased and ammonia levels increased with prey addition. Ratios of N:P, N:K, and K:P in pitcher-plant tissues suggest that prey additions shifted these carnivorous plants from P limitation under ambient conditions to N limitation with the addition of prey.
Physical soil characteristics, microbial community composition, extracellular enzymatic activity, biologically based phosphorus (BBP) pools, and available phosphorus from two soil depths, four microhabitats, and four landforms at the Jornada Experimental Range, 2021.
This dataset contains physical soil characteristics, PLFA based microbial community composition, extracellular enzymatic activity, nitrate and ammonium activity, and phosphorus availability in various phosphorus pools (Biologically Based Phosphorus, potassium sulfate, Olsen-P). Soils were collected from two depths (0-2cm, 2-30 cm), four microhabitats (grass, shrub, biocrust, interspace), and four landforms (alluvial flat, alluvial fan remnant, erosional scarplet, fan piedmont – see coordinates) within the Jornada Experimental Range in July 2021 to answer questions about how these variables change across these spatial scales in drylands. This project was a collaboration between researchers at New Mexico State University and The University of Texas at El Paso as part of the Drylands Critical Zone Thematic Cluster within the Critical Zone Network. This dataset is complete.
Soil nitrogen availability vs. acidification: effects on soil respiration, heterotrophic respiration, and soil physicochemical properties in mixed temperate forests in central New York, USA (2019-2022)
In 2011, an experimental nitrogen x pH manipulation study was initiated in mixed temperate forests in central New York, USA to disentangle the often-confounded roles of nitrogen (N) and soil pH in driving various ecosystem processes. This data package contains soil physicochemical properties (soil pH, resin available nitrogen), soil temperature, in situ soil respiration, and heterotrophic respiration measured from laboratory incubations of soils collected from experimental plots. Soil pH was measured both pre-treatment (2009-2010) and after 8 and 11 years of experimental treatment. All other properties were measured between 9 and 12 years after treatment initiation.
Impacts of Nutrient Availability on Calystegia Spithamaea at Harvard Forest 2013
Low bindweed (Calystegia spithamaea (L.) Pursh ssp. spithamaea, Convolvulaceae), is a low-growing perennial plant of the morning glory family that ranges from Georgia north to Nova Scotia. It is recorded from 3 extant and 8 historic stations in Massachusetts, and 18 total extant populations across New England, where it inhabits dry, open sites with sandy to rocky soils, including sandy roadsides and path edges, inland sandplains, power line rights-of-way, loose talus slopes, and gravel pits. Massachusetts lists the species as S1, Endangered. Factors promoting reproduction in this rare species are largely unknown. Although Calystegia spithamaea has been noted to produce short rhizomes, its ability to spread vegetatively had not been determined as of 2013. Sexual reproduction is very rare in extant New England populations; although herbarium specimens show flowers, fruits are rare and seeds have not been collected at any population. Field studies have been conducted since 2007 of a population of several thousand ramets of Calystegia spithamaea in a minimally managed field on the Army Corps of Engineers Birch Hill Dam property, Royalston, Massachusetts. The population occurs on excessively drained, sandy loam, which supports otherwise low plant diversity and appears to be nutrient-poor. We tested the hypothesis that nutrient limitation may hinder sexual reproduction and ramet growth in this species. From May to August 2013, a greenhouse study was conducted at Harvard Forest to determine the effects of nutrient availability on Calystegia spithamaea growth and reproduction: Ramets were excavated from the field and were found to be propagating on long rhizomes, confirming for the first time that the species is capable of at least limited asexual reproduction. Forty-eight ramets of Calystegia spithamaea were planted in pots in the greenhouse and randomly allocated to one of two treatments: control and nutrient-amendment with 20:20:20 N:P:K fertilizer. Five ramets from a ne
Subalpine tree seed availability and germination at Niwot Ridge, 2015 - ongoing.
These data were collected to assess how seed availability and site limitations affect conifer germination across species distributions. Our study focused on areas above alpine treeline where subalpine tree species must migrate to track movement of suitable climate, but we also included sites in the core and at the lower ecotone of subalpine forests. We monitored seed availability and germination of new seedlings for four subalpine tree species from 2015-present at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, USA. Seed availability was collected in 66-95 seed traps in 14-17 sites (6-12 traps per site; see data for count per site), depending on year. In the lab, seeds were counted by species. In the field, new germinants were counted by species 3-5 weeks after snow disappearance (i.e., peak germination) and again in late September from 2015 to 2018 only. Only one census of new germinants was conducted from 2019 to 2023. New germinants from prior years were censused in subsequent summers.
Dataset Dental research data availability and quality according to FAIR principles
<p>This dataset contains open access publications in EPMC dental journals from 2016 to 2021 and 500 non-open access dental publications. We evaluated the level of compliance with the FAIR principles. The original dataset and codebook are attached. </p>
Water availability parameters for area around Figueres for 1985 - 2015
<p>Water availability modelling results from the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) Macroscale Hydrologic Model model giving surface water parameters such as evapotranspiration, baseflow and runoff for an area around Figueres up to the Gulf of Roses, between the years 1985 - 2015.</p> <p>This dataset is deliverable D4.6 for the E4Warning project "<strong>Potential breeding areas - 1st draft version</strong>". These water availability parameters indicate the hydrological conditions to enable mosquitoes to breed and, as such, are an important covariate in determining the introduction and spread of mosquito borne diseases.</p> <p>Area of interest is given in terms of Subbasins of river sections classified according to modified Pfafstetter subbasins slopes to the Mediterranean I north.</p>
Soil nitrogen availability and acidity: effects on aboveground production and belowground carbon allocation in mid- and late-successional mixed temperate forests (2009-2021)
In 2011, an experimental nitrogen x pH manipulation study was initiated in mid- and late-successional mixed temperate forests in central New York, USA to disentangle the often-confounded roles of nitrogen (N) and soil pH in driving various ecosystem processes. This data package contains forest productivity (wood, litterfall, and aboveground net primary production), total belowground carbon flux (TBCF), and leaf litterfall and fine root chemistry (C and N concentration) data collected from all experimental plots. It also includes plot-level, species-weighted estimates of measured and modeled photosynthesis (Anet) for the late-successional stands. Wood production, litterfall production, and litterfall chemistry data were collected between 2009 and 2019. Aboveground net primary production data are reported for a pre-treatment interval (2009-2011) and the interval including years 6-9 of experimental treatment (2016-2019). All other properties were measured between years 9 and 11 of the experiment (2019-2021).
Soil nutrient availability from the 2007 Anaktuvuk River, Alaska, USA fire scar during the 2016 growing season
This file contains plant-available nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), and phosphate (PO4) in the upper 5-10 cm of organic matter from a burned and unburned site in the southern section of the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire in northern Alaska. Soil nutrients were assessed using ion-exchange resin membranes incubated in the soil during the growing season of 2016.
Soil nutrient availability from the 2007 Anaktuvuk River, Alaska, USA fire scar during the 2019 growing season
This file contains plant-available nitrate (NO3), ammonium (NH4), phosphate (PO4), and total free primary amines (TFPA )in the upper 5-10cm of organic matter from a burned and unburned site in the southern section of the 2007 Anaktuvuk River fire in northern Alaska. Soil nutrients were assessed using buried resin bags which incubated for 1 month during the peak of the growing season in 2019.
Plant root simulator nutrient availability data in the black sand extended growing season experiment, 2018 - 2020.
As a result of climate change, the Rocky Mountain Front Range is experiencing warmer summers and earlier snowmelt. Due to the importance of snow for regulating soil temperature, growing season length, and available moisture in alpine ecosystems, even small shifts in the snow-free period could have large impacts. The focus of the Black Sand Extended Growing Season Length Experiment is to examine how terrain-related differences in climate exposure influence the way alpine habitats respond to climate change via earlier snowmelt. To simulate how climate exposure may affect plant communities, NWT LTER researchers established 5 experimental sites, each containing a pair 10 x 40m rectangular plots. These sites include north and south facing aspects, subalpine and alpine tundra meadows and a range of hydrological conditions (e.g. dry meadows, moist meadows, wet meadows). We accelerated snowmelt in one plot at each site by adding chemically inert black sand, while keeping the second plot as an unmanipulated control; black sand was added to control plots after snow had naturally melted. We used open top warming chambers (OTCs) to increase summer temperature in three subplots within each of the 10 x 40 m plots. This dataset includes plant nutrient availability as measured using plant root simulator probes.
Atlantic ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) burrow counts at shorebird nests and randomly available sites on Metompkin Island, Virginia, 2022
Atlantic ghost crabs (Ocypode quadrata) are predators of beach-nesting shorebirds, their nests, and their chicks on the United States' Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Ghost crabs may also disturb birds, altering their foraging, habitat use, or nest and brood attendance patterns. Shorebird conservation strategies often involve predator and disturbance management to improve reproductive success, but efforts rarely target ghost crabs. Despite the threat to shorebird reproductive success, ghost crabs are a poorly understood part of the beach ecosystem and additional knowledge about ghost crab habitat selection is needed to inform shorebird conservation. We monitored ghost crab activity, defined as burrow abundance, throughout the shorebird breeding season on Metompkin Island, Virginia, an important breeding site for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) and American oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus). We counted burrows at shorebird nests and random points throughout the shorebird breeding season and tested whether ghost crab activity was greater at shorebird nest sites than random sites. We observed burrows at all nest sites in our study area (n = 63 nests), but found fewer burrows at nest sites than random sites. Ghost crabs may avoid shorebird nest sites due to aggressive defensive behaviors from incubating adults or differences in microhabitat characteristics selected by shorebirds versus ghost crabs. We also tested the effects of date, air temperature, habitat type, and shell cover on the abundance of ghost crab burrows. We found that while burrows were present across the barrier island landscape, there were more burrows in sandy habitats with sparse to little shell cover and in and behind the dunes relative to the beach and beach-front berm. Ghost crab activity increased later in the shorebird breeding season and as air temperature increased. Understanding when and where ghost crabs are most likely to be active in the landscape can aid decision-making to benefit imperi
Public Available Data Set of Process Flows from Internal Physical Inspections in the Failure Analysis Laboratory
<p>This data set was generated in accordance with the semiconductor industry and contains data of certain process flows in Failure Analysis (FA) laboratories focusing on the identification and analysis of anomalies or malfunctions in semiconductor devices. It comprises logistic data about the processing steps for the so-called Internal Physical Inspection (IPI).</p><p>A so-called IPI job is given as a sequence of tasks that must be performed to complete the job they belong to. It has an assigned unique ID and timestamps indicating the submission, the end, and the deadline to be met. A job also has an IPI classification assigned to it, providing general guidelines on the operations to be performed.</p><p>Every task within a job has its own type and working time, as well as the assigned resources. There are two main resources involved:</p><p> - the equipment; the machine used to perform the task,</p><p> - the operator; the person who performed the task.</p><p>In addition, general information about the type of the device to be analyzed is also available, such as the given (anonymized) package and basictype. Data also include the number of stressed samples within a device and the samples a task is performed on.</p><p>The dataset includes data from 4 years, specifically from January 2020 to December 2022.</p><p>Finally, the exact column structure is given as follows (python 3.9.5 datatype):</p><ul><li>JOB_ID [int64]: the unique ID of the job</li><li>JOB_SUBMISSION_DATE [object]: the date of the job submission</li><li>JOB_REQ_END_DATE [object]: the required end date (deadline)</li><li>JOB_FINISH_DATE [object]: the actual end date</li><li>JOB_BASICTYPE_H [object]: the given basictype denotation</li><li>JOB_PACKAGE_H [object]: the package denotation of the device</li><li>JSH_QTY_STRESSED [float64]: number of stressed samples</li><li>TASK_SUBMISSION_DATE [object]: the date of the task submission</li><li>TASK_WORKING_TIME [float64]: the amount of time (hours) the task needs to be completed</li><li>TASK_SAMPLE_NO [object]: the samples the task was performed on </li><li>TASK_CEQ_ID [float64]: the ID of the machine used to perform the task</li><li>TASK_CTKS_ID [int64]: the ID representing the task type</li><li>TASK_USR_ID [int64]: the ID of the operator performing the task</li><li>CIPI_LEVEL_0 [object]: a series of IPI classifications, indicating what is required to execute for a specific job</li></ul>
Dataset of regional NRSS available for producing BBFs in the EU
<p>The data files contain information regarding the calculation of nutrient rich side stream (NRSS) quantities and their nutrient contents. The data is produced within WP1 of LEX4BIO project.</p> <p>The full description of data sources and calculations is available: https://lex4bio.eu/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/LEX4BIO_D1.1_WP1-1.pdf</p> <p>Data summaries are available: https://px.luke.fi/PxWeb/pxweb/en/maatalous/maatalous__biomassa/</p>
Data from: Spatial distribution of the potential forest biomass availability in Europe
<p>European forests are considered a crucial resource for supplying biomass to a growing bio-economy in Europe. This study aimed to assess the potential availability of forest biomass from European forests and its spatial distribution. We tried to answer the questions (i) how is the potential forest biomass availability spatially distributed across Europe and (ii) where are hotspots of potential forest biomass availability located?</p> <p>The spatial distribution of woody biomass potentials was assessed for 2020 for stemwood, residues (branches and harvest losses) and stumps for 39 European countries. Using the European Forest Information SCENario (EFISCEN) model and international forest statistics, we estimated the theoretical amount of biomass that could be available based on the current and future development of the forest age-structure, growing stock and increment and forest management regimes. We combined these estimates with a set of environmental (site productivity, soil and water protection and biodiversity protection) and technical (recovery rate, soil bearing capacity) constraints, which reduced the amount of woody biomass that could potentially be available. We mapped the potential biomass availability at the level of administrative units and at the 10 km × 10 km grid level to gain insight into the spatial distribution of the woody biomass potentials.</p> <p>According to our results, the total availability of forest biomass ranges between 357 and 551 Tg dry matter per year. The largest potential supply of woody biomass per unit of land can be found in northern Europe (southern Finland and Sweden, Estonia and Latvia), central Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, and southern Germany), Slovenia, southwest France and Portugal. However, large parts of these potentials are already used to produce materials and energy. The distribution of biomass potentials that are currently unused only partially coincides with regions that currently have high levels of wood production.</p> <p>Our study shows how the forest biomass potentials are spatially distributed across the European continent, thereby providing insight into where policies could focus on an increase of the supply of woody biomass from forests. Future research on potential biomass availability from European forests should also consider to what extent forest owners would be willing to mobilise additional biomass from their forests and at what costs the estimated potentials could be mobilised.</p> <p>This dataset contains the data of the map presented in Figure 2A: Estimated spatial distribution of forest biomass availability according to the BASE potential (ton dry matter ha-1 land yr-1) at the grid (10x10 km) level.</p>
Dataset: Co-composting rose waste as a sustainable waste management strategy: Nutrient availability and disease control
<p>This dataset and these scripts supports the article 'Assessing the potential of co-composting rose waste as a sustainable waste management strategy: Nutrient availability and disease control' as published in Journal of Cleaner production. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.136685</p> <p>Roses are an important crop for the floricultural sector of Kenya and roses are a perennial crop and under continuous production for six to ten years. The cultivation produces large quantities of green waste, up to 50 kg per hectare per day. In this experiment we investigated the potential of co-composting rose waste on a small scale. The objective was to increase the understanding of composting lignocellulosic rose waste, which will help with the implementation of composting practices within Kenyan rose production and thereby reduce its negative ecological impact.</p> <p>In a small-scale composting system (30L) the evolution of five mixtures was closely monitored in terms of their physico-chemical parameters. Furthermore, the in-vitro disease suppressive capacity of mature rose waste was assessed. </p>
Data and code from "Water availability is a stronger driver of soil microbial processing of organic nitrogen than tree species composition"
<p>#### Data description<br> Data from large scale, long-term tree diversity experiment in southwestern France (<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/orpheeexperiment/home">ORPHEE</a>), additionally manipulating water contraint. Variables presented are soil nitrogen cycling rates measured using isotope pool dilutions.</p> <p>Companion paper is found here:</p> <p>Maxwell TL, Augusto L, Tian Y, Wanek W & Fanin N (2023). Water availability is a stronger driver of soil microbial processing of organic nitrogen than tree species composition. <em>European Journal of Soil Science</em>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13350">https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13350</a></p> <p>#### Metadata<br> Soil sampling: July 2020<br> Maxwell_ShortComm_Data.csv data description</p> <p>ID: unique identifier per sample<br> Block: numbered 1-6. Blocks 1,3,6 are control (unirrigated), Blocks, 2,4,5 are irrigated<br> Plot: numbered plot according to the ORPHEE design. Plot 1 = BP, Plot 5 = PP, Plot 9 = BP_PP<br> Espece: species ID. BP = pure birch (<em>Betula pendula</em>), PP = pure pine (<em>Pinus pinaster</em>), BP_PP (50% mixed birch-pine)<br> Rep: sample replicate, 3 replicates per plot<br> Sample name: long unique identifier per sample. Concatenation of Block, Plot, and Espece<br> PD: gross protein depolymerization rates (micrograms nitrogen per grams dry soil per day = µg N g-1 d-1)<br> AAU: gross free amino acid uptake rates (µg N g-1 d-1)<br> Cmicrobial_ug_g: microbial biomass carbon (µg C g-1)<br> Nmicrobial_ug_g: microbial biomass nitrogen (µg N g-1)<br> MRT_FAA_hrs: mean residence time of free amino acids (hours)<br> FAA_ugN_g: free amino acids (µg N g-1)<br> Moisture_percent: soil moisture percent (%)<br> N_nonfumige_ug_g: nitrogen from non fumigated soils, i.e. extractable N (µg N g-1)<br> C_nonfumige_ug_g: nitrogen from non fumigated soils, i.e. extractableC (µg C g-1)</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.