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17 results for “Benthopectinidae”
Fig. 10 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 10. Punkaster spinifera gen. et sp. nov. (holotype, NHMM JJ 11736). A–C, F–H. Adambulacral ossicles, in actinal (A, C, H) and abactinal (B, F–G) views. D–E. Abactinal or marginal spines. I. Abactinal ossicle. J–M. Ambulacral ossicles, in actinal (J–L) and abactinal (M) views. N–P. Oral ossicle, in radial (N), interradial (O) and actinal (P) views. Q–R. Large spines of uncertain position. Provenance: uppermost Maastrichtian, ca 12 m below K/Pg boundary, Kulsti Rende, Stevns Klint, eastern Denmark. Scale bars: A–C, F–R = 1 mm; D–E = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 11 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 11. Punkaster spinifera gen. et sp. nov., reconstructions and interpretation. A. Reconstruction of cross-section of arm. B. Reconstruction of ambulacral groove, with large podial basins and furrow spines. C. Ambulacral base, in actinal view. D. Abactinal face of adambulacral. Abbreviations: see Material and methods, and Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology.
Fig. 2. A–B. Pectinaster filholi Perrier, 1885 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 2. A–B. Pectinaster filholi Perrier, 1885, Recent, in abactinal (A) and actinal (B) views, Porcupine Trough, NE Atlantic (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). C–D. Benthopecten simplex (Perrier, 1881), Recent, in abactinal (C) and actinal (D) views, Rockall Trough, NE Atlantic (NHMUK EE 13563). E–F. Nearchaster aciculosus (Fisher, 1910), Recent, in abactinal (E) and actinal (F) views, NE Pacific (USNM, unregistered). Scale bars: A–B = 7 mm; C–D = 6 mm; E–F = 20 mm.
Fig. 16. A–C in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 16. A–C. Alkaidia sumralli Blake & Reid, 1998 (NHMUK EE15225). A–B. Abactinal (A) and actinal (B) views of well-preserved individual, retaining spines and pedicellariae. C. Enlargement of ambulacral groove, showing spines and duck-bill pedicellariae. — D. Zoroaster fulgens Thomson, 1873, duck-billed pedicellaria of a zoroasterid (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). Provenance: A–C. Grayson Formation, Graysonites wacoense ammonite Zone, Dottie Lynn Lane, Fort Worth, Texas, USA (for details of locality, reference is made to Hess 2015 and Gale et al. 2021). D. Recent, Rockall Trough, northeast Atlantic. Scale bars: A–B = 50 mm; C = 5 mm; D = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 1. A–B. Cheiraster gazellae Studer, 1883 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 1. A–B. Cheiraster gazellae Studer, 1883, Recent, in abactinal (A) and actinal (B) views (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). C–F. Pontaster tenuispinus (von Düben & Koren, 1846), Recent, in various views (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered), Rockall Trough, NE Atlantic. Scale bars: A–B = 7 mm; C–D = 5 mm; E–F = 10 mm.
Fig. 15. A–C. Xandarosaster hessi Blake, 1984. A in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 15. A–C. Xandarosaster hessi Blake, 1984. A. Holotype slab (NMB M9683), showing articulated ambulacral ossicles and isolated adambulacrals (arrowed); the original of Blake (1984: fig. 2a1–3). B–C. Line drawings of actinal views of adambulacrals; note extreme elongation, long interadambulacral muscle insertion site and boss for a single, large subadambulacral spine. D. Similar adambulacral ossicle of indeterminate form (NHMUK PI EE 18008). Provenance: A–C. Bajocian of Reigoldswil, Canton Baselland, Switzerland. D. Oxfordian, Andelot-Morval, Jura, France (for details of locality, reference is made to Gale 2018: fig. 20). Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–C = 5 mm; D = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 9 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 9. Punkaster spinifera gen. et sp. nov. (holotype, NHMM JJ 11736). A–D. Subadambulacral or suboral spines. E, I–J, M, P. Marginal ossicles. F–G, S. Abactinal ossicles. H, Q–R. Ambulacrals, in actinal view. K. Circumoral, in actinal view. L, N. Odontophore, in abactinal and actinal views. O. Oral ossicle, in radial view. Provenance: uppermost Maastrichtian, ca 12 m below K/Pg boundary, Kulsti Rende, Stevns Klint, eastern Denmark. Scale bars: A–D = 5 mm; E–S = 1 mm.
Fig. 17. A, F–G. Zoroaster fulgensThomson, 1873 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 17. A, F–G. Zoroaster fulgensThomson, 1873 (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). A. Adambulacral, in abactinal view; the original of Gale (2011a: pl. 8 fig. 5). F. Ambulacral base, in actinal view; the original of Gale (2011a: pl. 8 fig. 8). G. Ambulacral, in proximal view. — B–E, H, K. Alkaidia sumralli Blake & Reid, 1998, isolated ambulacrals and adambulacrals. B–C. Abactinal views of adambulacrals (NHMUK PI EE 18005–18006). D. Abactinal view of ambulacral (NHMUK PI EE 18007). E. Actinal view of adambulacral (NHMUK PI EE 18008). H. Actinal view of ambulacral (NHMUK PI EE 18008). K. Proximal view of ambulacral (NHMUK PI EE 18010), the original of Gale (2011a: pl. 8 fig. 9). — I–J. Terminaster cancriformis (Quenstedt, 1876) (NMB M 9036), ambulacral, in abactinal and actinal views; the original of Gale (2011a: pl. 26 figs 11–12). Provenance: A, F–G. Recent, Rockall Trough, northeast Atlantic. B–E, H, K. Grayson Formation, Graysonites wacoense ammonite Zone, Dottie Lynn Lane, Fort Worth, Texas, USA (for locality details, reference is made to Hess 2015 and Gale et al. 2021). I–J. Upper Oxfordian (Couches d'Effingen, bifurcatus ammonite Zone, stenocycloides ammonite Subzone), Savigna, near Orgelet, Département de Jura, France (Gale 2011b). See Material and methods for abbreviations. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Fig. 3. A–C in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 3. A–C. Terminology used for adambulacrals and orals in the present paper. A. Actinal view of adambulacral of Luidia sp. — B–F. Benthopecten simplex (Perrier, 1881), Recent (NHMUK EE 13563). B. Abactinal view of adambulacral. C. Interradial view of oral ossicle. D–E. Adambulacral in actinal (D) and abactinal (E) views. F. Base of ambulacral in actinal view. — G–I. Cheiraster gazellae Studer, 1883, Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered), ambulacral ossicles in abactinal (G), actinal (H) and proximal (I) views; note raised abactinal ridge (abr) and inferomarginal articulation (ma). — J–M. Pontaster tenuispinus (von Düben & Koren, 1846), Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). J–K. Oral ossicle in radial (K) and interradial (J) aspects. L–M. Supero- and inferomarginal pair. Abbreviations: d = distal; p = proximal; see Material and methods; after Gale 2011a: figs 10, 16. Scale bars: 1 mm.
Fig. 12. A–I, L–M in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 12. A–I, L–M. Punkaster ruegenensis gen. et sp. nov. A–E, H–I. Fused marginal pairs, in lateral (A–C, E: SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 31–33, SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 35) views, at right angles to margin (D, H: SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 34, SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 38) views and internal view (I: SNSB- BGSP2020XLV 39). F–G. Distal inferomarginals in lateral view (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 36–37). A. Holotype (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 31).B–I. Paratypes (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 32–39).L–M. Probable adambulacrals, actinal view (lot SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 32). — J–K. Punkaster spinifera gen. et sp. nov., marginals (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 40–41). — N–O. Punkaster gen. nov., sp. indet., abactinal ossicles (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 42–43). — P.? Punkaster gen. nov., sp. indet., oral ossicle, external view (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 44). — Q. Punkaster gen. nov., sp. indet., adambulacral, actinal view (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 45). All specimens are from the upper lower Maastrichtian of Rügen, NE Germany. Abbreviation: p = proximal. See Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology. Scale bars: A, C–Q = 0.5 mm; B = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 14. Plesiastropecten hallovensis Peyer, 1944. A in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 14. Plesiastropecten hallovensis Peyer, 1944. A. Holotype (MZA L13a), the original of Peyer (1944: pl. 7) and Blake (1984: fig. 1a–h). B. Enlargement of distal arm. C–F. Line drawings of MZA L 13b/32a–e. C. Ossicle distribution of entire individual; note large, stellate abactinal ossicles which each carry a large boss for attachment of a single spine. D. Ambulacral ossicle, in abactinal view, and two abactinal ossicles. E. Adambulacral ossicle with spines attached. F. Two marginal ossicles, with serrated spines attached. Provenance: Lower Jurassic (Hettangian, liasicus ammonite Zone) of Hallau, Canton Schaffhausen, Switzerland. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–C = 5 mm; D–G = 2 mm.
Fig. 13 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 13 (next page). A–C. Chrispaulia radiatus (Spencer, 1905) (BGS 108650), arm of individual in abactinal, lateral and actinal views, respectively (the original of Gale 2005: fig. 5). — D–E, H–O. Chrispaulia spinosa sp. nov. D–E. Holotype (Nds LH 105.107), arm fragment in lateral and actinal views, respectively. H–O. Isolated ossicles, all paratypes. H–I, N. Median superomarginals (NHMUK PI EE 17998, 18003). J–K. Distal superomarginals in lateral view (NHMUK PI EE 17999–18000). L–M. Distal inferomarginals in lateral view (NHMUK PI EE 18001–18002). O. Oral ossicle, in radial aspect (NHMUK PI EE 18004). — F–G. Chrispaulia wrightorum sp. nov., holotype, reconstructed distal arm, in abactinal and lateral views, respectively (NHMUK PI EE 17997). Provenance: A–C. Cenomanian (Lower Chalk), Dover, Kent, United Kingdom. D–E. Lower Hauterivian (Endemoceras amblygonium ammonite Zone), Engelbostel near Hannover, Germany. F–G. Albian, Hunstanton Formation, Speeton, Yorkshire, United Kingdom. H–O. Upper 3 m of Tealby Clay, Hauterivian, Nettleton, Lincolnshire, United Kingdom. Scale bars: A–G = 5 mm; H–O = 1 mm.
Fig. 7 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 7 (next page). A–J. Jurapecten infrajurensis sp. nov., various ossicle types (paratypes). A, H. Ambulacrals, in lateral and actinal aspects, respectively (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 21,SNSB- BGSP2020XLV 28). B, E–F. Adambulacrals, in actinal and abactinal views (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 22, SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 25–26). C, G, J. Superomarginals, in lateral views (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 23, SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 27, SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 30). D, I. Inferomarginals, in lateral views (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 24, SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 29). — K–Y. Jurapecten hessi Gale, 2011. K, P, U. Adambulacral ossicles. K. Abactinal view (NHMUK PI EE 17996). P. NHMUK EE 13598 (the original of Gale 2011a: pl. 19 fig. 11). U. NHMUK EE 13599, the original of Gale (2011a: pl. 20 fig. 12). L. Circumoral ossicle (NHMUK EE 13605, the original of Gale 2011a: pl. 20 fig. 13). M–N. Ambulacral ossicles, in actinal and abactinal views, respectively (NHMUK EE 13595–13596, the originals of Gale 2011a: pl. 19 figs 8–9). O. Ambulacral, in proximal/distal view (NHMUK 13597). Q–S. Superomarginal ossicles (NHMUK EE 13601–13602; the originals of Gale 2011a: pl. 20 figs 6–7). T, V–W. Inferomarginals (NHMUK EE 13600, EE 13603–13604, EE 13608, the originals of Gale 2011a: pl. 20 figs 5, 8, 16). X–Y. Oral ossicles (NHMUK EE 13606– 13607, the originals of Gale 2011a: pl. 20 figs 10, 14). Provenance: A–J. Upper Toarcian–lower Aalenian (possibly aalensis ammonite Zone), Quedlinburg (Landkreis Harz, northern Germany; see Hess 2014). K–Y. Upper Oxfordian (Couches d'Effingen, bifurcatus ammonite Zone, stenocycloides ammonite Subzone), Savigna, near Orgelet, Département du Jura, France (Gale 2011b). Abbreviations: d = distal; p = proximal. See Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology. Scale bars: A–J = 0.2 mm; K–Y = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 5 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 5 (next page). A, E, I–K. Cheiraster gazellae Studer, 1883 (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). A, E. Adambulacral, in actinal and abactinal views, respectively. I–K. Ambulacrals, in abactinal, actinal and proximal views, respectively. — B, F, L–M. Pontaster tenuispinus (von Düben & Koren, 1846) (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). B, F. Adambulacral, in actinal and abactinal views, respectively. L–M. Ambulacral, in abactinal and actinal views, respectively. — C, G, P. Benthopecten simplex (Perrier, 1881) (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). C, G. Actinal and abactinal views of adambulacral, respectively. P. Enlarged view of actinal surface of ambulacral base. — D, H, N. Nearchaster aciculosus (Fisher, 1910) (USNM, unregistered). D, H. Adambulacral in actinal and abactinal views, respectively. N. Enlarged view of actinal surface of ambulacral base. — O, Q–S. Pectinaster filholi (Perrier, 1885) (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). O. Enlargement of ambulacral base, actinal view. Q. Proximal view of ambulacral. R–S. Abactinal and actinal views of adambulacral, respectively. Abbreviations: d = distal; p = proximal. See Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology. Scale bars: A–N, P–S = 1 mm; O = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 4 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 4 (next page). A, D, J–M, O–P, S–W, Z. Pontaster tenuispinus (von Düben & Koren, 1846), Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). A. Denuded radius, abactinal view. D. Lateral view of denuded arm. J–M. Superomarginals, lateral view. O–P, S, W. Inferomarginals, in lateral (O–P, S) and proximal (W) views. T. Circumoral ossicle. U–V. Oral ossicle. Z. Abactinal ossicle. — B, N, R, X. Nearchaster aciculosus (Fisher, 1910), Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). B. Lateral view of denuded arm. N, R. Marginal pair. X. Abactinal ossicle. — C, F–G, Y. Pectinaster filholi (Perrier, 1885), Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). C. Denuded arm, in lateral view. F–G. Marginal pair. Y. Abactinal ossicle. — E, Q. Cheiraster gazellae Studer, 1883, Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). E. Lateral view of denuded arm. Q. Lateral view of superomarginal. — H–I. Benthopecten simplex (Perrier, 1881), Recent (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered), lateral view of supero-/inferomarginal pair. Abbreviation: d = distal. See Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology. Scale bars: A–E = 5 mm; F–W = 1 mm; X–Z = 0.5 mm.
Fig. 6 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 6 (next page). A–B, F.? Benthopectinidae. A–B. Inferomarginals, in lateral aspect (MHI 2183/7, MHI 2183/8). F. Oral ossicle in radial view (MHI 2183/9). — C, G. Jurapecten hessi Gale, 2011. C. Inferomarginal, in lateral view (NHMUK PI EE 17988). G. Oral ossicle, in radial view (NHMUK EE 13606; the original of Gale 2011a: pl. 20 fig. 10). — D–E, H. Pontaster tenuispinus (von Düben & Koren, 1846). D–E. Lateral view of inferomarginals. H. Oral ossicle (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered). — I–U. Jurapecten infrajurensis sp. nov. I. Oral ossicle, radial view (SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 31). J–M. Ambulacral ossicles, in actinal views (J = holotype, NHMUK PI EE 17989; K–L = paratypes, NHMUK PI EE 17990–17991; M = SNSB-BGSP2020XLV16). N–O. Marginal ossicles (paratypes, NHMUK PI EE 17992–17993). P, R–T. Adambulacral ossicles (paratypes), in actinal (P, R) and abactinal (S–T) views (R–S = NHMUK PI EE 17994–17995; P, T = SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 17, SNSB- BGSP2020XLV 19). I, Q. Oral ossicles, in radial view (paratypes: SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 15, SNSB- BGSP2020XLV 18). U. Circumoral ossicle (paratype: SNSB-BGSP2020XLV 20). Provenance: A–B, F. Maantang Formation (Carnian, Upper Triassic), sample C30, Jiancougou, Sechuan Province, China. C, G. Upper Oxfordian (Couches d'Effingen, bifurcatus ammonite Zone, stenocycloides ammonite Subzone), Savigna, near Orgelet, Département du Jura, France (Gale 2011b). D–E, H. Recent, Porcupine Trough, NE Atlantic. I, M, P–Q, T–U. Upper Toarcian–lower Aalenian (possibly aalensis ammonite Zone), Quedlinburg (Landkreis Harz, northern Germany; Hess 2014). J–L, N–O, R–S. Middle Toarcian, Le Clapier (Département d'Aveyron), 62 km WNW of Montpellier, southern France (Thuy 2012). See Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology. Scale bars: A–H = 0.4 mm; I–U = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 8 in The fossil record of the family Benthopectinidae (Echinodermata, Asteroidea), a reappraisal
Fig. 8 (next page). A–H, J–V. Jurapecten dhondtae sp. nov. A–D. Superomarginals in lateral view (NHMM JJ 10490b–e). E–H, J–K. Inferomarginals (NHMM JJ 10490f–j), in lateral (E–H, K) and distal (J) views. E. Original of Jagt (2000: pl. 6 fig. 2; NHMM JJ 9591i). F. Holotype (NHMM JJ 10490a). L–P. Adambulacrals, in actinal (M–N) and abactinal (L, O) views, with (P) enlargement to show ridges (lot NHMM JJ 9591). Q–V. Ambulacrals, in actinal (Q, S, U), abactinal (R, T) and proximal/distal (V) views (lot NHMM JJ 9591). — I. Pectinaster filholi (Perrier, 1885) (A.S. Gale collection, unregistered), enlargement of area on actinal surface of ambulacral. Provenance: A–H, J–V. Upper Maastrichtian, CBR Romontbos quarry, Eben Emael (Liège, NE Belgium), Maastricht Formation, Emael Member (Lava Horizon). I. Recent, Rockall Trough, northeast Atlantic. Abbreviations: d = distal; p = proximal. See Fig. 3 for detailed morphological terminology. Scale bars: A–H, J–O, Q–V = 1 mm; I, P = 0.2 mm.
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