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76 results for “Bignonieae”
Figura 6 in Flora da Paraíba (Brasil): Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae)
Figura 6. Aspectos da morfologia de Amphilophium, Anemopaegma, Bignonia, Cuspidaria, Dolichandra, Fridericia, Mansoa e Tanaecium. A. fruto de Amphilophium crucigerum. B. fruto de Amphilophium scabriusculum. C. cálice de Anemopaegma album. Anemopaegma laeve: D. profilos das gemas axilares, E. fruto. F. flor de Bignonia corymbosa. Bignonia ramentacea: G. profilos das gemas axilares, H. cálice. I. profilos das gemas axilares de Bignonia sciuripabulum. J. fruto de Cuspidaria argentea. K. fruto de Cuspidaria lateriflora. L. cálice de Dolichandra quadrivalvis. M. cálide de Dolichandra unguis-cati. N. flor de Fridericia chica. O. cálice de Fridericia dispar. P. fruto de Mansoa difficilis. Q. folhas de Tanaecium parviflorum.
Figura 5 in Flora da Paraíba (Brasil): Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae)
Figura 5. Aspectos da morfologia de Fridericia, Tanaecium, Lundia, Mansoa e Pyrostegia. Fridericia dispar: A. flores, B. inflorescência. C. flores de Tanaecium parviflorum. Fridericia pubescens: D. inflorescência, E. folíolos evidenciando a gavinha. Lundia longa: F. hábito, G. flor. H. flores de Mansoa difficilis. Pyrostegia venusta: I. inflorescência, J. flores. K. flores de Tanaecium selloi.
Figura 2 in Flora da Paraíba (Brasil): Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae)
Figura 2. Ambiente das espécies de Bignoniaceae encontradas na área de estudo, Paraíba, Brasil. A, B. Serra do Aba (Passagem). C. Mata do Pau Ferro (Areia). D. Cachoeira do Pinga (Lagoa Seca). E. APA do Cariri (Boa Vista). F. Cabaceiras. G, H. Parque Estadual da Pedra da Boca (Araruna). I. Parque das Pedras (Pocinhos).
Figura 3 in Flora da Paraíba (Brasil): Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae)
Figura 3. Aspectos da morfologia de Amphilophium, Anemopaegma, Bignonia e Cuspidaria. A. flor de Amphilophium crucigerum. B. inflorescência de Anemopaegma laeve. Anemopaegma gracile: C. flor, D. detalhe do cálice. E. inflorescência de Bignonia ramentacea. F. fruto de Bignonia sciuripabulum. Cuspidaria argentea: G. hábito, H. inflorescência, I. detalhe da face externa da corola.
Figura 4 in Flora da Paraíba (Brasil): Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae)
Figura 4. Aspectos da morfologia de Dolichandra e Tanaecium. Dolichandra quadrivalvis: A. hábito, B. inflorescência. Dolichandra unguis-cati: C. frutos, D. inflorescência. Tanaecium dichotomum: E. hábito, F. inflorescência, G. fruto.
Figura 1. Mapa localizando a in Flora da Paraíba (Brasil): Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae)
Figura 1. Mapa localizando a Paraíba no nordeste brasileiro, destacando as quatro mesorregiões do estado. Mapa elaborado por E.M. Rodrigues.
Phylogeny and biogeography of the Amazonian Pachyptera (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
The Amazon houses a large proportion of the overall biodiversity currently found on Earth. Despite that, our knowledge of Amazonian biodiversity is still limited. In this study, we reconstruct the phylogeny of Pachyptera (Bignoniaceae), a genus of neotropical lianas, centered in the Amazon. We then use this phylogenetic framework to re-evaluate species limits and study the biogeographic history of the genus. We sampled three molecular markers (i.e., ndhF , rpl32-trnL , and PepC ) and 51 individuals representing the breadth of morphological variation and geographic distribution of all species recognized in the genus. We used this information to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among individuals of Pachyptera using Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood approaches. The resulting molecular phylogeny was used as a basis to test species limits within the P. kerere species complex using a cpDNA coalescent approach (GMYC). GMYC identified five potential species within the P. kerere species complex that were subsequently evaluated in the light of morphology. Morphological data supported the recognition of four of the five potential species suggested by GMYC, all of which were also supported by a multispecies coalescent model in a Bayesian framework (BEAST). The phylogeny of Pachyptera was time-calibrated using BEAST and used to reconstruct the biogeographical history of the genus using the DEC model implemented in RASP. We identified historically important migration pathways using our comprehensive cpDNA dataset and a Bayesian stochastic search variable selection (BSSVS) framework. Our results indicate that the genus originated in lowland Amazonia during the Middle Eocene, and subsequently occupied Central America and the Andes. Most of the diversification of Pachyptera occurred in the Miocene, a period of intense perturbations in South America.
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Anemopaegma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 3. Cross-sections of leaflet blades of Anemopaegma nebulosum and A. prostratum. A. Dorsiventral mesophyll of A. nebulosum. B–D. Mesophyll of Anemopaegma prostratum. B. Uniseriate epidermis of the abaxial surface showing stomata and peltate glandular trichome. C. Dorsiventral mesophyll with two to three layers of palisade parenchyma. D. Dorsiventral mesophyll with one layer of palisade parenchyma. E. Leaflet margin of A. nebulosum. F–G. Cross sections of the midrib showing vascular systems. F. Anemopaegma prostratum. G. Anemopaegma nebulosum. H–I. Midrib of A. prostratum showing collenchyma between the adaxial epidermis and the vascular system (H) as well as between the abaxial epidermis and the vascular system (I). J. Vascular bundle of leaflet blade of A. prostratum with sheath extension. Scale bars = 100 μm (Figs. A, B, C, E, F, G, H, I, J), 50 μm (Fig. D).
FIGURE 1. Morphological comparison between Anemopaegma nebulosum and A. prostratum. A in A new species of Anemopaegma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 1. Morphological comparison between Anemopaegma nebulosum and A. prostratum. A. Orbicular prophylls in A. nebulosum. B. Prophylls lacking in A. prostratum. C. Elliptic and coriaceous leaflets in A. nebulosum. D. Ovate and membranaceous leaflets in A. prostratum. E. Solitary flowers in the axil of each leaf in A. nebulosum. F. Flowers arranged in lax racemes in A. prostratum. G. Gibbous flower in A. nebulosum. H. Infundibuliform flower in A. prostratum. (Figs. A and C from J. Cordeiro & C.B. Poliquesi 909; Fig. B from P.H. Miyagi 253; Figs. D, F and H from SPF-84375; Figs. E and G from J.M. Silva et al. 1527). Scale bars = 0.8 mm (Figs. A and B); 1 cm (Figs. C, D, E, F, G, H).
FIGURE 2. Anemopaegma nebulosum. A in A new species of Anemopaegma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 2. Anemopaegma nebulosum. A. Branchlet with leaves, prophylls, tendrils and flowers. B. Open flower showing stamens and staminodes. C. Pistil. D. Ovary showing the ovules arrangements. (Drawm from J. Cordeiro & C.B. Poliquesi 909).
FIGURE 14. A–D in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 14. A–D. Tynanthus micranthus: A. Flowering branch; B. Open corolla showing the androecium; C. Open calyx showing the gynoecium (M.C. Medeiros 32, SPF); D. Fruit (J.S. Carneiro 300, FUEL). E–I. T. panurensis: E. Branch; F. Interpetiolar region showing the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds; G. Inflorescence; H. Flower; I. Fruit (E–F and I: A.H. Gentry 21066, MO)(G–H: G. Klug 1972, NY). Illustration by Klei Sousa.
FIGURE 20. A–D in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 20. A–D. Tynanthus sastrei: A. Flowering branch; B. Interpetiolar region showing the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds; C. Flower; D. Calyx with denticulate apex (L. Skog 7043, NY). E–J. T. schumannianus: E. Flowering branch; F. Interpetiolar region showing the bromeliad-like prophylls; G. Detail of inflorescence axis indumentum, showing patelliform trichomes; H. Open corolla showing the androecium; I. Open calyx showing the gynoecium (M. Nee 38171, NY); J. Fruit (M. Lewis 37532, MO). Illustration by Klei Sousa.
FIGURE 8. A–F in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 8. A–F. Tynanthus fasciculatus: A. Flowering branch; B. Detail of tomentose indumentum in branchlets; C. Calyx with laciniate apex; D. Open corolla showing the androecium; E. Gynoecium (G. Edwall s.n., F 896072); F. Fruit showing the subtetragonal cross section (M. Barreto 1824, F). G–J. T. guatemalensis: G. Flowering branch; H. Interpetiolar region showing the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds; I. Flower (E. Contreras 8517, F); J. Fruit (P.H. Gentle 7775, F). Illustration by Klei Sousa.
FIGURE 11. A–E in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 11. A–E. Tynanthus labiatus: A. Flowering branch; B. Petiolar region showing minute prophylls of the axillary buds; C. Detail of inflorescence axis showing the indumentum and bracts; D. Flower; E. Fruit (J.R. Pirani 3900, SPF). F–K. T. macranthus: F. Flowering branch; G. Detail of the densely pubescent indumentum in branchlet; H. Interpetiolar glands (R. Lent 42, NY isotype); I. Flower; J. Open corolla showing the androecium; K. Open calyx showing the gynoecium (A. Jiménez M. 2044, NY). Illustration by Klei Sousa.
FIGURE 1. A–E in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 1. A–E. Tynanthus cognatus: A. Flowering branch; B. Open corolla showing the androecium; C. Gynoecium (D.A. Folli 1795, SPF); D. Fruit; E. Seed (J.S. Carneiro 161, FUEL). F–N. T. croatianus: F. Flowering branch; G. Leaflet; H. Flower; I–J. Calyx with patelliform glands; K–M. Stamen with stipitate trichomes at the base of filaments and curved thecae (S. Knapp 1053, NY); N. Fruit (A.H. Gentry 6696, NY). Illustration by Klei Sousa.
FIGURE 17. A–F in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 17. A–F. Tynanthus polyanthus: A. Flowering branch; B. Interpetiolar region showing the foliaceous prophylls of the axillary buds; C. Detail of inflorescence axis showing bracts; D. Detail of petiolule showing the upper canalicule; E. Flower (M.C. Medeiros 40, SPF); F. Fruit showing the flattened cross section (P. Núñez 11199, MO). G–K. T. pubescens: G. Flowering branch; H. Detail of pubescent indumentum in branchlet (S. Mori 23971, NY); I–J. Interpetiolar glands; K. Fruit (A.H. Gentry 25579, F). Illustration by Klei Sousa.
FIGURE 6 in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 6. Tynanthus espiritosantensis: A. Flowering branch; B–D. Leaflet with pubescent domatia in the abaxial surface; E. Interpetiolar region with bromeliad-like prophylls of the axillary buds; F. Detail of the inflorescence axis, showing bracts, simple and peltate trichomes; G. Open corolla showing the androecium; H. Anther; I. Open calyx showing the gynoecium (D.A. Folli 5931, SPF). Illustration by Klei Sousa. Figure from Medeiros & Lohmann (2014).
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic Revision of Tynanthus (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)
FIGURE 4. Tynanthus densiflorus: A. Flowering branch; B. Detail of lenticels in the oldest portion of branchlet; C. Detail of pubescent indumentum in the youngest portion of branchlet; D–E. Interpetiolar glands; F. Detail of inflorescence axis with bracts; G. Open corolla showing the androecium; H. Open calyx showing the gynoecium; I. Ovary cross section showing ovules (L.C. Procópio 14, NY). Illustration by Klei Sousa. Figure from Medeiros & Lohmann (2014).
FIGURE 4. Adenocalymma apetiolatum. A. Flowering branch. B in Two new species of Adenocalymma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 4. Adenocalymma apetiolatum. A. Flowering branch. B. Close-up of interpetiolar node showing prophylls of the axillary buds. C. Side view of an open flower. D. Floral bract. E. Bracteole. F. Calyx artificially cut on one side and spread open. G. Front view of the corolla. H. Corolla artificially cut on one side and spread open. I. Nectar disk, ovary, style and stigma. J. Detail of stigma. K. Fruit. Illustrated from Boudet Fernandes H.Q. et al. 3508 (MBML).
FIGURE 1. A in Two new species of Adenocalymma (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil
FIGURE 1. A: Adenocalymma apetiolatum. A. Sapling; B–F: Adenocalymma lineare. B. Sapling; C. Branchlet detail; D. Close-up of a young inflorescence, with ants; E. Close-up of an inflorescence at intermediate stage; F. Close-up of a mature inflorescence with open flowers (Photos by Luiz Fonseca).
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