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16 results for “Callosciurus”
Fig. 3 in Phylogenetic Relationships Among Callosciurus Squirrels In The Indochina Peninsula: Phylogenetic Position Of C. Pygerythrus From Myanmar
Fig. 3. Divergence time tree estimated by the RelTime method, based on the maximumlikelihood (ML) analysis under HKY + I + Γ model for the cytochrome b sequences. Divergence times among Callosciurus squirrels in millions of years before present are on branches. Divergence times with high support values are inside squares
Fig. 2 in Phylogenetic Relationships Among Callosciurus Squirrels In The Indochina Peninsula: Phylogenetic Position Of C. Pygerythrus From Myanmar
Fig. 2. Phylogeny of Callosciurus constructed with the maximum-likelihood (ML) under HKY + I + Γ model for cytochrome b sequences. From left, numbers above branches represent: bootstrap values from 1000 replicates of ML and un-weighted maximum parsimony (MP) analyses, bootstrap values from 5000 replicates of neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis and posterior probability supports in Bayesian analysis. Hyphens mean no data, because the clade was absent
Fig. 1 in Phylogenetic Relationships Among Callosciurus Squirrels In The Indochina Peninsula: Phylogenetic Position Of C. Pygerythrus From Myanmar
Fig. 1. Distribution of Callosciurus phayrei (dark gray area) and C. pygerythus (light gray area) in the Indochina Peninsula (KOPROWSKI et al. 2016) and collecting sites of squirrels examined in the present study. Open and closed circles indicate C. phayrei and C. pygerythus, respectively
Mandible morphology as a tool to investigate origin, adaptation and stress in invasive alien species. First insights into Callosciurus erythraeus in Europe
<p>When an alien species is introduced in a new area, the number of founding individuals affects the severity of the population bottleneck, hence the new population may be distinctively different, both genetically and phenotypically, from the parent population from which it is derived. In this study we investigated the variation in shape and size of the mandible among and within three populations of the invasive Pallas’s squirrel, a tree squirrel native to SE Asia and introduced in Italy, Belgium and France. Significant differences in both size and shape of the mandible were found among all population pairs, with France being the most distinct. French squirrels showed a larger and slender mandible with a broad angular process, a restricted condyle, and a backward-oriented coronoid process. The Italian and the Belgian population differ at a lesser extent, the Italian squirrels having a lower coronoid process, a broader angular apophysis, and a restricted condyle. s. Size explained 15% of the total shape variation, but the orientation of allometric trajectories did not reveal any significant difference among populations. French squirrels showed the highest fluctuating asymmetry (both size and shape) of the right versus the left mandible, the Italians the highest directional asymmetry. Results are discussed in terms of different selective pressures in the invaded areas related to functionally mastication, and possible factors affecting fluctuating and directional asymmetry. The hypothesis of the classic mandibular two-module organization of rodent mandible (alveolar region vs ascending ramus) was confirmed both before and after correcting for size.</p>
Fig. 1 in Spillover and spillback risks of ectoparasites by an invasive squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus in Kanto region of Japan
Fig. 1. Location map of the study areas. The Pallas's squirrels examined in this study were collected by extermination programs operated by the local governments of Yokohama and Yokosuka. Detailed information on the sampling localities is refrained due to the intension of the cooperative organizations.
Fig. 3. NMDS plot for the parasite infracommunity composition recovered from 52 in Spillover and spillback risks of ectoparasites by an invasive squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus in Kanto region of Japan
Fig. 3. NMDS plot for the parasite infracommunity composition recovered from 52 host individuals. The influence of each parasite's abundance by discriminating the developmental stage on the score components of the two axes is represented by broken lines. The relationships with environmental variables are indicated by gray arrows. Abbreviations are as follows: M: male, F: female, YH: Yokohama, YS: Yokosuka, HfN: nymph of Haemaphysalis flava, HfL: larva of H. flava, Lep: larva of Leptotrombidium spp., EkA: adult of Enderleinellus kumadai, EkL: larva of E. kumadai, NoA: adult of Neohaematopinus callosciuri, NoL: larva of N. callosciuri, Ca: Ceratophyllus anisus, Ci: Ceratophyllus indages indages.
Fig. 6 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 6. Proportion of food items consumed by (a) Callosciurus finlaysonii (n = 143) and (b) C. caniceps (n = 35).
Fig. 2 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 2. Frequencies of detection of active (a) Callosciurus finlaysonii and (b) C. caniceps in each survey time. Data are displayed as mean ± SD. Different letters in the figure indicate a significant difference (Steel-Dwass test; P <0.05).
Fig. 1 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 1. Location of the study site in the headquarters (HQ) of the Sakaerat Environmental Research Station and census routes. Upper figure shows the location of Sakaerat Biosphere Reserve and the bottom figure shows an enlarged view of the HQ. Solid lines show the census route of the present study, broken lines show paved survey route of the previous study (Kobayashi et al., 2019b), broken line shows non-paved survey route of the previous study (Kobayashi et al., 2019b) in natural forests (DDF: dry dipterocarp forest in light grey; DEF: dry evergreen forest in dark grey). Dotted areas in the bottom figure are relatively open spaces with few trees, white square is the nursery, and striped squares are buildings.
Fig. 2 in Spillover and spillback risks of ectoparasites by an invasive squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus in Kanto region of Japan
Fig. 2. Infracommunity richness by discriminating the study area and host sex.
Fig. 4 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 4. Observed positions of (a) Callosciurus finlaysonii and (b) C. caniceps.
Fig. 5 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 5. Frequency of observed height range of Callosciurus finlaysonii and C. caniceps.
Data from: Successful eradication of a suburban Pallas's squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas 1779) (Rodentia, Sciuridae) population in Flanders (northern Belgium)
Despite a growing catalogue of eradication projects, documented successful vertebrate eradications on the mainland remain scarce. Reporting on successful campaigns is crucial to counter pessimism on ambitious programmes to tackle invasive species and to allow conservation practitioners, wildlife managers and scientist to learn from previous experience. Moreover, there is a need for basic information on the effectiveness of control methods and management strategies that can be used. In this note we report on a successful low-tech eradication campaign of a local population of Pallas's squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus, a species of tree squirrel with documented ecological and socio-economic impacts in its invasive range. The population was eradicated from a suburban park of about 15 ha using baited mesh wire life traps, in five consecutive capture campaigns between October 2005 and January 2011. Using maximum likelihood estimation from catch-effort data we calculated initial densities in the park at 3 squirrels ha−1. Although control started quickly and the extent of the invasion was limited, the campaign took over 5 years and required an estimated investment of over €200,000 including 1.5 years of post-eradication surveying. We provide basic data on the methods used to eradicate this invasive rodent. Critical success factors and possible improvements with respect to the specific context of this case are discussed. Adding this species to the list of species of EU concern currently under development could provide incentive to minimise impact of this tree squirrel at the continental scale.
On following pages: 61. Anderson's Squirrel (Callosciurus quinquestriatus); 62. Phayre's Squirrel (Callosciurus phayrel bellied Squirrel (Callosciurus caniceps); 66. Black-striped Squirrel (Callosciurus nigrovittatus); 67. Plantain Squirrel 70. Kinabalu Squirrel (Callosciurus baluensis); 71. Borneo Black-banded Squirrel (Callosciurus orestes); 72. Mentawai); 63. Inornate Squirrel (Callosciurus inornatus); 64. Finlayson's Squirrel (Callosciurusfinlaysonii); 65. Gray-(Callosciurus notatus); 68. Prevost's Squirrel (Callosciurus prevostil); 69. Earspot Squirrel (Callosciurus adamsi); Squirrel (Callosciurus melanogaster). in Sciuridae
On following pages: 61. Anderson's Squirrel (Callosciurus quinquestriatus); 62. Phayre's Squirrel (Callosciurus phayrel bellied Squirrel (Callosciurus caniceps); 66. Black-striped Squirrel (Callosciurus nigrovittatus); 67. Plantain Squirrel 70. Kinabalu Squirrel (Callosciurus baluensis); 71. Borneo Black-banded Squirrel (Callosciurus orestes); 72. Mentawai); 63. Inornate Squirrel (Callosciurus inornatus); 64. Finlayson's Squirrel (Callosciurusfinlaysonii); 65. Gray-(Callosciurus notatus); 68. Prevost's Squirrel (Callosciurus prevostil); 69. Earspot Squirrel (Callosciurus adamsi); Squirrel (Callosciurus melanogaster).
Data from: Successful eradication of a suburban Pallas’s squirrel Callosciurus erythraeus (Pallas 1779) (Rodentia, Sciuridae) population in Flanders (northern Belgium)
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Fig. 3 in Activity pattern and resource use of two Callosciurus species in different habitats in northeastern Thailand
Fig. 3. Proportion of observed behaviours of (a) Callosciurus finlaysonii and (b) C. caniceps throughout the day.
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