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1,003 results for “Cancer stem cells”
Common anti-cancer therapies induce somatic mutations in stem cells of healthy tissue
<p>Genome-wide mutation analyses have revealed that specific anti-cancer drugs are highly mutagenic to cancer cells, but the mutational impact of anti-cancer therapies on normal cells is not known. Here, we examine genome-wide somatic mutation patterns in 42 healthy adult stem cells (ASCs) of the colon or the liver from 14 colorectal cancer patients (mean of 3.2 ASC per donor) that received systemic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The platinum-based chemo-drug Oxaliplatin induces on average 535±260 mutations in colon ASC, while 5-FU shows a complete mutagenic absence in most colon ASCs. In contrast with the colon, normal liver ASCs escape mutagenesis from systemic treatment. Radiation results in the accumulation of 50-100 5-10,000bp deletions and structural rearrangements in colon ASCs. Thus, while chemotherapies are highly effective at killing cancer cells, their systemic use also increases the mutational burden of long-lived normal stem cells responsible for tissue renewal thereby increasing the risk for developing second cancers.</p>
The EGFR signaling modulates in mesenchymal stem cells the expression of miRNAs involved in the interaction with breast cancer cells
<p>We previously demonstrated that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) modulates in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) the expression of a number of genes coding for secreted proteins that promote breast cancer progression. However, the role of the EGFR in modulating in MSCs the expression of miRNAs potentially involved in the progression of breast cancer remains largely unexplored. Following small RNA-sequencing, we identified 36 miRNAs differentially expressed between MSCs untreated or treated with the EGFR ligand transforming growth factor α (TGFα), with a fold change (FC) <0.56 or FC ≥1.90 (CI, 95%). KEGG analysis revealed a significant enrichment in signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. EGFR activation in MSCs downregulated the expression of different miRNAs, including miR-23c. EGFR signaling also reduced the secretion of miR-23c in conditioned medium from MSCs. Functional assays demonstrated that miR-23c acts as tumor suppressor in basal/claudin-low MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells, through the repression of IL-6R. MiR-23c downregulation promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion of these breast cancer cell lines. Collectively, our data suggested that the EGFR signaling regulates in MSCs the expression of miRNAs that might be involved in breast cancer progression, providing novel information on the mechanisms that regulate the MSC-tumor cell cross-talk.We previously demonstrated that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) modulates in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) the expression of a number of genes coding for secreted proteins that promote breast cancer progression. However, the role of the EGFR in modulating in MSCs the expression of miRNAs potentially involved in the progression of breast cancer remains largely unexplored. Following small RNA-sequencing, we identified 36 miRNAs differentially expressed between MSCs untreated or treated with the EGFR ligand transforming growth factor α (TGFα), with a fold change (FC) <0.56 or FC ≥1.90 (CI, 95%). KEGG analysis revealed a significant enrichment in signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. EGFR activation in MSCs downregulated the expression of different miRNAs, including miR-23c. EGFR signaling also reduced the secretion of miR-23c in conditioned medium from MSCs. Functional assays demonstrated that miR-23c acts as tumor suppressor in basal/claudin-low MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells, through the repression of IL-6R. MiR-23c downregulation promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion of these breast cancer cell lines. Collectively, our data suggested that the EGFR signaling regulates in MSCs the expression of miRNAs that might be involved in breast cancer progression, providing novel information on the mechanisms that regulate the MSC-tumor cell cross-talk.</p>
The PLOD2/Succinate axis regulates the epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity and cancer cell stemness
<p>Aberrant accumulation of succinate has been detected in many cancers. However, the cellular function and regulation of succinate in cancer progression is not completely understood. Using stable isotope-resolved metabolomics (SIRM) analysis, we showed that the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) was associated with profound changes in metabolites, including the elevation of cytoplasmic succinate levels. Treatment with cell-permeable succinate induced mesenchymal phenotypes in mammary epithelial cells and enhanced cancer cell stemness. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and sequence analysis showed that elevated cytoplasmic succinate levels were sufficient to reduce global 5-hydroxymethylcytosinene (5hmC) accumulation and induce transcriptional repression of EMT-related genes. We showed that expression of procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) was associated with an elevation of cytoplasmic succinate during the EMT process. Silence of PLOD2 expression in breast cancer cells reduced succinate levels and inhibited cancer cell mesenchymal phenotypes and stemness, which was accompanied by elevated 5hmC levels in chromatin. Importantly, exogenous succinate rescued cancer cell stemness and 5hmC levels in PLOD2-silenced cells, suggesting that PLOD2 promotes cancer progression at least partially through succinate. These results reveal the previously unidentified function of succinate in enhancing cancer cell plasticity and stemness.</p> <p><em><strong><span></span></strong></em></p>
Chemotherapy and Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients With Cancers of the Blood and Immune System
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00520130. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant vs Bone Marrow Transplant in Individuals With Hematologic Cancers (BMT CTN 0201)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00075816. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 2. Publications: 8.
Fludarabine and Total-Body Irradiation Followed By Donor Stem Cell Transplant and Cyclosporine and Mycophenolate Mofetil in Treating HIV-Positive Patients With or Without Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00112593. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Evaluation of Metformin, Targeting Cancer Stem Cells for Prevention of Relapse in Gynecologic Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01579812. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Standard Chemotherapy vs. Chemotherapy Guided by Cancer Stem Cell Test in Recurrent Glioblastoma
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03632135. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients With High-Risk Hematologic Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00818961. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 23.
Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate Mofetil With or Without Sirolimus in Preventing Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patients Who Are Undergoing Donor Stem Cell Transplant for Hematologic Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00105001. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 3. Publications: 2.
Aging Mammary Stem Cells and Breast Cancer Prevention
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02642094. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Donor Stem Cell Transplant With No or Low-Intensity Chemotherapy Using Sirolimus and Treated Immune Cells to Treat Blood and Lymph Cancers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00074490. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Stem Cell Injection in Cancer Survivors
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02509156. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Early Administration of ATG Followed by Cyclophosphamide, Busulfan and Fludarabine Before a Donor Stem Cell Transplant in Patients With Hematological Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00787761. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Cyclosporine Eye Drops in Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease of the Eye in Patients Who Have Undergone Donor Stem Cell Transplant for Hematologic Cancer or Bone Marrow Failure Disorder
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00755040. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Sirolimus, Cyclosporine, and Mycophenolate Mofetil in Preventing Graft-versus-Host Disease in Treating Patients With Blood Cancer Undergoing Donor Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01251575. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Low-Intensity Stem Cell Transplantation With Multiple Lymphocyte Infusions to Treat Advanced Kidney Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00923845. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Modified Stem Cell Transplant Procedure to Treat Patients With Blood and Immune System Cancers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00051311. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Rasburicase in Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Patients With Hematologic Cancer or Other Disease Undergoing Donor Stem Cell Transplant
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00513474. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Relapsed Malignant Blood Cancer After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01326728. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.