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501 results for “Charging”
Bidirectional and Unidirectional Charging Profiles of Electric Vehicles
<p>This dataset contains bidirectional and unidirectional charging profiles of Electric Vehicles (EVs) measured in laboratory environment at the Smart Grid Technology Lab of ie³ institute at TU Dortmund University. The dataset not only considers charging power and current but also harmonics/interharmonics emission of EV charging in both static and dynamic scenarios. Thus, it provides a solid foundation for the development of advanced EV charging algorithms and model validation. Raw data are available in csv format from the file <em>dataset_raw.zip</em> and a selection of merged measurements is provided in the file <em>dataset_merged.zip</em>.</p> <p>The following commercially available EV models are considered:</p> <ul> <li>Opel Corsa-e (2020)</li> <li>Fiat 500e (2022)</li> <li>Honda-e Advance (bidirectional, 2020)</li> <li>Nissan Leaf (bidirectional, 2020)</li> <li>VW ID.4 (2020)</li> <li>Hyundai Ioniq 5 (2021)</li> <li>Mitsubishi Eclipse Cross PHEV (bidirectional, 2022)</li> <li>Tesla Model Y SR (2022)</li> </ul> <p>The dataset is part of the deliverable D8.1 of DriVe2X project and is accompanied by a report including a description about data acquisition and measurement setup. The report is available from the project website's resources section. A more in-depth description of the tests and exemplary analysis is currently being prepared for publication.</p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <ul> <li>DriVe2X project website: <a href="https://drive2x.eu/">Link</a></li> <li>CORDIS website: <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101056934">Link</a></li> <li>ie³ institute: <a href="https://ie3.etit.tu-dortmund.de/">Link</a></li> <li>Smart Grid Technology Lab: <a href="http://sgtl.et.tu-dortmund.de/">Link</a></li> </ul>
Diffraction images used to solve the structures published in the article "Contribution of Shape and Charge to the Inhibition of a Family GH99 endo-α-1,2-Mannanase"
<p>Raw diffraction images used for generating the structures published in the article "Contribution of Shape and Charge to the Inhibition of a Family GH99 endo-α-1,2-Mannanase" (available <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b10075">here</a>). Full single-crystal datasets are published. The software used for the processing of each dataset is listed in their respective PDB entries.</p> <p> </p> <p>If you find this useful, please contact me at <a href="mailto:lukasz.sobala@hirszfeld.pl">lukasz.sobala@hirszfeld.pl</a>, I am just interested in how these data are used!</p>
Public charging requirements for battery electric long-haul trucks in Europe: a trip chain approach
<p>Contact details:</p> <p>wasim.shoman at chalmers.se </p> <p>waahh7 at gmail com</p> <p><strong>Abstract of the research:</strong></p> <p>Heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) account for less than 2-5% of the vehicles on the road in Europe but contribute to 15-22% of CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from road transport. Battery electric trucks (BETs) could be deployed on a large scale to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, they require sufficient charging infrastructure to support long-haul operations. Therefore, assessing the required charging locations, energy, and power requirements is critical. We use a trip-chain-based model to derive charging requirements for BETs in long-haul operation (travel times over 4.5 hours or over 360 km distance traveled) for Europe in 2030. We convert an origin-destination (OD) matrix into trip chains combined with European truck driving regulations to derive break and rest stops. We show that an average charging area (defined as a 25´25 km<sup>2</sup> square with each square that could include multiple charging stations and parking lots of multiple charging points) needs to have four to five times more overnight than megawatt charging points. We estimate that about 40,000 overnight charging points (50-100 kW, combined charging system, CCS) and about 9,000 megawatt charging system (MCS, 0.7 – 1.2 MW) points are required for 15% of trucks as BETs in long-haul operation. On average, 8 and 2 CCS and MCS chargers are required per charging area, and each MCS and CCS serve, on average, 11 and 2 BETs daily, respectively. Public charging entails about 110 GWh daily electricity demand in each charging area. The model can be applied to any region with similar data. Future work can consider improving the queuing model, assumptions regarding regional differences of BET penetration, and heterogeneity of truck sizes and utilization.</p> <p><strong>The methodology:</strong></p> <p>We develop a method to place charger locations in Europe that meets the demand of goods movements between regions while following EU driving regulations. The spatial resolution of regions is based on the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS)-3 regions. The annual flow of goods transported by HDV is identified using the ETISplus dataset. We develop a travel pattern for the HDV to convert flows into trip chains with the traversed LHT number. The traveled routes between the regions are mapped. Locations of short period stops, i.e., breaks, and long period stops, i.e., rests, are allocated/assigned along traveled routes to construct a trip chain for each moving HDV. Break and rest locations for all moving HDVs are aggregated to suggest energy requirements if assuming these HDVs are BETs. The aggregated energy to charge stopped BETs is used to identify the number and type of chargers within each suggested charging station.</p> <p><strong>Datasets details</strong></p> <p>The presented datasets contain spatial information for generating charger stations with specifications according to charging needs. The datasets contain information about: Transport network model and edges, Transported flows, routes and flow center information data, region centers, and Planned transport infrastructure. </p> <p>The first dataset titled 'ChargerLocations' contains information about the locations of suggested charging stations, the number and type of chargers, and the number of visited electrified trucks in 2030. It is a shapefile with the following details for its fields:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td>Name</td> <td>Description</td> <td>Data Type</td> <td>Unit</td> </tr> <tr> <td>DTN30/MainDTN</td> <td> number of electrified trucks in 2030</td> <td>integer </td> <td>number</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ChE30</td> <td> charged energy in Mega watt-hour from all charging (fast and slow)</td> <td>float</td> <td> Mega watt-hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ChERM</td> <td> charged energy in Megawatt hour with slow charging only (rest)</td> <td>float</td> <td> Mega watt-hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MDTN_R</td> <td> number of electrified trucks using slow chargers (rest)</td> <td>integer </td> <td>number</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ChEBM</td> <td> charged energy in Megawatt hour with fast charging only (break)</td> <td>float</td> <td> Mega watt-hour</td> </tr> <tr> <td>MDTN_B</td> <td> number of electrified trucks using fast chargers (break)</td> <td>integer </td> <td>number</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NSCh2pD</td> <td> number of slow chargers</td> <td>integer </td> <td>number</td> </tr> <tr> <td>NFCh30m</td> <td> number of fast chargers</td> <td>integer </td> <td>number</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TotCha</td> <td> Total number of chargers</td> <td>integer </td> <td>number</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>The second dataset titled (RestandBreaksPoints.shp) with information about the rest and break point locations. The dataset includes detailes about stop type, number of stopped trucks, and required charged energy. The dataset is a shapefile with "shp" format. </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Name</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Description</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Data Type</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Unit</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ID_origin_region</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique record ID with 9 digits decoding NUTS-3 region of origin. First 3 digits decode NUTS-0, first 5 decode NUTS-1, first 7 decode NUTS-3</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer (9digits)</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Name_origin_region</p> </td> <td> <p>National name of NUTS-3 region of origin</p> </td> <td> <p>String</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ID_destination_region</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique record ID with 9 digits decoding NUTS-3 code of destination region. First 3 digits decode NUTS-0, first 5 decode NUTS-1, first 7 decode NUTS-3</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer (9digits)</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Name_destination_<br> region</p> </td> <td> <p>National name of NUTS-3 destination region</p> </td> <td> <p>String</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Rest</p> </td> <td> <p>A value of ”1” indicates a rest stop</p> </td> <td> <p>Boolean</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Break</p> </td> <td> <p>A value of ”1” indicates a break stop</p> </td> <td> <p>Boolean</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ChaDisKM</p> </td> <td> <p>Charged range within a trip for stopped the truck</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>km</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ChaEnekWh</p> </td> <td> <p>Charged energy within a trip for stopped the truck</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>KWh</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>MainDTN</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of stopped trucks for the main electrification scenario (15%)</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>number</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ChE30M</p> </td> <td> <p>Charged energy for all stopped trucks</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>MWh</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ChERM</p> </td> <td> <p>Charged energy for the trucks stopping for rest</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>MWh</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>MDTN_R</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks stopping for rest</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>number</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ChEBM</p> </td> <td> <p>Charged energy for the trucks stopping for break</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>MWh</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>MDTN_B</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks stopping for break</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>number</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>geometry</p> </td> <td> <p>X, Y coordinates</p> </td> <td> <p>geometry</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>The following dataset titled 'flowFile' with information about the transported flow between regions and the transported routes. The dataset is in "CSV" format. Details for its fields are explained as follows (source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235234092101060X):</p> <table> <tbody><tr> <th> <p><strong>Name</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Description</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Data Type</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Unit</strong></p> </th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td> <p>ID_origin_region</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique record ID with 9 digits decoding NUTS-3 region of origin. First 3 digits decode NUTS-0, first 5 decode NUTS-1, first 7 decode NUTS-3</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer (9digits)</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Name_origin_region</p> </td> <td> <p>National name of NUTS-3 region of origin</p> </td> <td> <p>String</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ID_destination_region</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique record ID with 9 digits decoding NUTS-3 code of destination region. First 3 digits decode NUTS-0, first 5 decode NUTS-1, first 7 decode NUTS-3</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer (9digits)</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Name_destination_<br> region</p> </td> <td> <p>National name of NUTS-3 destination region</p> </td> <td> <p>String</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Edge_path_E_road</p> </td> <td> <p>List of the <em>network edge IDs</em> of the shortest path between the O-D pair, determined with Dijkstra's algorithm</p> </td> <td> <p>String</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Distance_from_origin_<br> region_to_E_road</p> </td> <td> <p>Distance from the geometric centre of the origin region to the closest network node</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Kilometres [km]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Distance_within_E_<br> road</p> </td> <td> <p>Distance of the shortest edge path between the O-D pair</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Kilometres [km]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Distance_from_E_<br> road_to_destination_<br> region</p> </td> <td> <p>Distance from the geometric centre of the destination region to the closest network node</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Kilometres [km]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Total_distance</p> </td> <td> <p>Sum of <em>Distance_from_origin_region_to_E_road, Distance_within_E_road</em> and <em>Distance_from_E_road_to_destination_region</em></p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Kilometres [km]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_trucks_<br> 2010</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks that drive between the O-D pair in 2010</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_trucks_<br> 2019</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks that drive between the O-D pair after they had been scaled to 2019</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_trucks_<br> 2030</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks that drive between the O-D pair according to the forecast for 2030</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_tons_<br> 2010</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of tons that are transported between the O-D pair in 2010 according to ETISplus</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>Tons [t]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_tons_<br> 2019</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of tons that are transported between the O-D pair after they had been scaled to 2019</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>Tons [t]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_tons_<br> 2030</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of tons that are transported between the O-D pair according to the forecast for 2030</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>Tons [t]</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Description of variables used in the NUTS-3 regions dataset (02_NUTS-3-Regions). The dataset is in "CSV" format. (source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235234092101060X))</p> <table> <tbody><tr> <th> <p><strong>Name</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Description</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Data Type</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Unit</strong></p> </th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Network_Node_ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique network node ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer (6 digits)</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Network_Node_X</p> </td> <td> <p>Longitude of the location of network node</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Network_Node_Y</p> </td> <td> <p>Latitude of the location of network node</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Degrees</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>ETISplus_Zone_ID</p> </td> <td> <p>ID of the NUTS-3 region in which the network node is located</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Country</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique country code of the country in which the network node is located (country codes are defined by ETISplus)</p> </td> <td> <p>String</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Description of variables used in the network edges list (Updated_04_network-edges). The dataset is in "CSV" format. (source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235234092101060X))</p> <table> <tbody><tr> <th> <p><strong>Name</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Description</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Data Type</strong></p> </th> <th> <p><strong>Unit</strong></p> </th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Network_Edge_ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique edge ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer<br> (7 digits)</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Manually_Added</p> </td> <td> <p>Determines whether an edge had been manually added to the network (1) or not (0)</p> </td> <td> <p>Binary-integer</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Distance</p> </td> <td> <p>Length of the network edge</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Kilometres [km]</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Network_Node_A_ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique ID of the network node that defines one end point of the network edge</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Network_Node_B_ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Unique ID of the network node that defines one end point of the network edge</p> </td> <td> <p>Integer</p> </td> <td> <p>-</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_trucks_2019</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks that drive on the edge in 2019 (both highway directions combined)</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Traffic_flow_trucks_2030</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks that drive on the edge in 2030 (both highway directions combined)</p> </td> <td> <p>Float</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of trucks</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p>
6D phase space of charged beam in particle accelerator
<p>The dataset is collected from HPSim (https://github.com/apphys/hpsim), an advanced, open-source tool developed at LANL, enables rapid, online simulations of multipleparticle beam dynamics is used to collect data. HPSim solves Vlasov-Maxwell equations to calculate the effects of external accelerating and focusing forces on the charged particle beam as well as space charge forces within the beam. To generate the dataset from HPSim, the RF set points (amplitude and phase) for the first four modules are randomly sampled from a uniform distribution keeping the rest of the set points of 44 modules at a mean value. Other beam and accelerator parameters, like the initial beam condition, are also set to constant realistic values. Using the RF set points as inputs to the simulation, HPSim provides a six-dimensional phase space of the charged particle beam in the form of 15 unique projections at each of the 48 accelerating section/modules of LANSCE linear accelerator. </p>
Data associated with the following publication: "Giant thermoelectric response of confined electrolytes with thermally activated charge carrier generation"
<p>Data associated with the following publication: "Giant thermoelectric response of confined electrolytes with thermally activated charge carrier generation" (DOI: <a title="" href="https://doi.org/10.48328/tudatalib-1376">https://doi.org/10.48328/tudatalib-1376</a>)</p>
Size distribution of neutral and charged particles smaller than 42 nm measured over the Southern Ocean in the austral summer of 2016/2017, during the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (ACE).
<p>The size distribution of neutral and charged particles was measured using a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS) instrument. The concentration was corrected for diffusional losses in the inlet.</p> <p>The concentration and temporal dynamics of small particles is fundamental to characterize the first step of new particle formation (NPF) and growth. Moreover, naturally charged particles and ions can provide information about the role of ion induced nucleation. Newly formed particles can grow to larger sizes where they act as cloud condensation nuclei, directly affecting the Earth radiative budget and cloud properties.</p> <p>Measurements were performed on the upper deck of icebreaker Akademik Tryoshnikov along the track of the Antarctic Circumnavigation expedition. Temporal coverage is from January 22, 2017 to April 11, 2017. The concentration is reported as dN/dlog(Dp) per cubic centimetre, where Dp indicates the corresponding diameter size bin. Data were collected with one-second time resolution and averaged automatically by the acquisition software to 120 seconds before January 31 2017 and to 90 seconds after that date. The instrument was calibrated before the campaign by the manufacturer and periodically cleaned during the campaign (one time per leg).</p> <p>Pollution from the ship exhaust and other human activities (e.g. helicopter flights) was identified as described in Schmale et al., 2019 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0187.1">https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0187.1</a>) and a corresponding flag was associated to the data (with 1 meaning clean data and 0 polluted data).</p> <p> </p> <p>***** Dataset contents *****</p> <p>- 01_neutral_particles_size_distribution.csv, data file, comma-separated values</p> <p>- 02_negative_ions_size_distribution.csv, data file, comma-separated values</p> <p>- 03_positive_ions_size_distribution.csv, data file, comma-separated values</p> <p>- 04_neutral_particles_size_distribution_header.txt, metadata, text</p> <p>- 05_negative_ions_size_distribution_header.txt, metadata, text</p> <p>- 06_positive_ions_size_distribution_header.txt, metadata, text</p> <p>- README.txt, metadata, text</p> <p>Data that were missing or bad because of instrumental problems were simply removed from the file (no entry).</p>
Large Spin-to-Charge Conversion at Room Temperature in Extended Epitaxial Sb2Te3 Topological Insulator Chemically Grown on Silicon (data)
<p>This dataset contains the raw data files connected with the figures included in the paper "<em>Large Spin-to-Charge Conversion at Room Temperature in Extended Epitaxial Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> Topological Insulator Chemically Grown on Silicon</em>" by <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202109361">E. Longo et al., <em>Adv. Funct. Mater.</em> 2021, 2109361</a></p>
Annual Article Processing Charges (APCs) and number of gold and hybrid open access articles in Web of Science indexed journals published by Elsevier, Sage, Springer-Nature, Taylor & Francis and Wiley 2015-2018
<p><strong>Dataset of annual Article Processing Charges (APCs) for 6,252 journals from 2015 to 2018. </strong>The dataset contains annual APCs for journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) and published by the oligopoly of academic publishers (Elsevier, Sage, Springer-Nature, Taylor & Francis, Wiley). It also includes an estimate of the total APCs paid by the academic community based on the number of gold and hybrid articles published between 2015 and 2018. The dataset was created using publication data from WoS, OA status from Unpaywall and annual APC prices from open datasets (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3841568">Matthias, 2020</a>; <a href="https://doi.org/10.5683/SP2/84PNSG">Morrison, 2021</a>) and historical fees retrieved via the Internet Archive Wayback Machine. </p> <p>Detailed methods and findings are reported in the following journal article</p> <p>Butler, L.-A., Matthias, L., Simard, M.-A., Mongeon, P., & Haustein, S. (2023). The Oligopoly's Shift to Open Access. How the Big Five Academic Publishers Profit from Article Processing Charges. <em>Quantitative Science Studies</em>. Preprint: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8322555">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8322555</a></p> <p><strong>Description of included files (v1):</strong></p> <p><em>APCs.csv: </em>contains the annual APCs for gold and hybrid OA journals indexed in Web of Science published by the oligopoly of academic publishers (Elsevier, Sage, Springer-Nature, Taylor & Francis, Wiley) between 2015 and 2018 including the total estimate of APCs paid per journal per year. It contains APC data for 18,846 journal-year-OA status combinations.</p> <p><em>countries.csv</em>: contains the fractionalized number of annual gold and hybrid OA articles by oligopoly publishers between 2015 and 2018 and the total estimate of fractionalized APCs paid per country per journal per year.</p> <p><em>oecd.csv</em>: contains the fractionalized number of annual gold and hybrid OA articles by oligopoly publishers between 2015 and 2018 and the total estimate of fractionalized APCs per discipline per journal per year.</p> <p><em>ReadMe.csv</em>: contains a description of the variables used in <em>APCs.csv</em>, <em>countries.csv</em> and <em>oecd.csv</em>.</p> <p> </p>
Data files: Electric vehicle charging dataset with 35,000 charging sessions from 12 residential locations in Norway
<p>Please refer to the data article where the data is described (Data-in-brief, <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110883" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2024.110883</span></span></a>).</p> <p>The data article refers to the paper "A method for generating complete EV charging datasets and analysis of residential charging behaviour in a large Norwegian case study". The Electric Vehicle (EV) charging dataset includes detailed information on plug-in times, plug-out times, and energy charged for over 35,000 residential charging sessions, covering 267 user IDs across 12 locations within a mature EV market in Norway. Utilising methodologies outlined in the paper, realistic predictions have been integrated into the datasets, encompassing EV battery capacities, charging power, and plug-in State-of-Charge (SoC) for each EV-user and charging session. In addition, hourly data is provided, such as energy charged and connected energy capacity for each charging session.</p> <p>The comprehensive dataset provides the basis for assessing current and future EV charging behaviour, analysing and modelling EV charging loads and energy flexibility, and studying the integration of EVs into power grids.</p>
Electric Vehicle Usage and Charging Analysis Dataset Across Seven Major Cities in China
<div> <h1><strong>Background </strong></h1> </div> <div> <p>This dataset provides supporting data for the figures presented in our study on electric vehicle (EV) usage and charging behavior across major Chinese cities. The detailed analysis and raw data are thoroughly described in Zhan et al (2025). The study examines 1.69 million EVs, representing 42% of China's total EV fleet, from November 2020 to October 2021. The study provides insights into operational demands, infrastructure requirements, and energy consumption patterns by analyzing diverse vehicle types—including private cars, taxis, buses, and special purpose vehicles (SPVs). </p> </div> <div> <p>The purpose of this dataset is to enable researchers who do not have access to the same raw data to replicate, calibrate, or extend our findings using the processed data that underpins each figure. This resource is valuable for further research on EV infrastructure planning, energy consumption, and vehicle performance. This dataset is made available to help the research community leverage our findings and facilitate advancements in electric vehicle research and infrastructure planning. Please refer to Zhan et al (2025) for full details on the methodology and analysis. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> <h1><strong>Data description </strong></h1> </div> <div> <p>This dataset includes the processed data underlying each figure in Zhan et al (2025), covering various aspects of EV usage, battery capacity, and charging behavior across seven major Chinese cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Chengdu, and Chongqing. The dataset is organized to correspond directly with the figures in the paper, facilitating its use for further analysis and model calibration. Each dataset is aligned with specific figures, providing essential data to help researchers without access to the original raw data. </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> <h2><strong>1. EV Type and Battery Energy Distribution Across Cities</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1a.Distribution of EV types across selected Chinese cities </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1a.Distribution of EV types across selected Chinese cities.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Distribution of EV types across seven cities, detailing the share of different vehicle types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Distribution of EV types in Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1b.Distribution of battery energy by vehicle types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1b.Distribution of battery energy by vehicle types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Distribution of battery energy across different vehicle types, represented as box plot statistics. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>type_2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle types </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>2. Variations in Battery Energy</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1c.Variations of battery energy of buses </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1c.Variations of battery energy of buses across studied cities.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Battery energy variations for buses across the studied cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_En </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>English name of 7 Chinese city </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of buses corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of battery energy of buses. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of battery energy of buses. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of battery energy of buses. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of buses corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1d.Variations of battery energy of SPVs </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1c.Variations of battery energy of SPVs across studied cities.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Battery energy variations for special purpose vehicles (SPVs) across cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_En </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>English name of 7 Chinese city </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of SPVs corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of battery energy of SPVs. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of battery energy of SPVs. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of battery energy of SPVs. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The battery energy of SPVs corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>3. Daily Driving Distance and Energy Consumption</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1e.Daily driving distance of different vehicle types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1e.Daily driving distance of different vehicle types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Cumulative distribution functions (CDFs) of daily driving distances for various vehicle types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>CDF Percentile </p> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Private car </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of private car daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Official car </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of official car daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>SPV </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of SPV daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Rental car </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of rental car daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Bus </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of bus daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Taxi </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The value of taxi daily driving distance corresponding to CDF Percentile </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1f-1. Ratio of daily energy consumed over battery energy </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1f-1.The ratio of daily energy consumed over battery energy.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Ratio of daily energy consumption relative to battery energy for each vehicle type. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>type_2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle types </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The energy ratio corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of energy ratio. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of energy ratio. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of energy ratio. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The energy ratio corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig1f-2. Number of charging events per day</strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig1f-2.The number of charging events per day.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Data on the number of daily charging events across vehicle types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>type_2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle types </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging events per day corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of charging events per day. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of charging events per day. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of charging events per day. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging events per day corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>4. EV Usage Patterns and State of Charge (SOC)</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2a.Daily usage patterns of EVs </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2a.Daily usage patterns of EVs across different vehicle types and days.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Usage patterns of EVs by type and day, segmented into 15-minute intervals. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Vehicle type_day type_state </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_workday_driving as an example, it refers to the ratio of private cars parked to the total number of private cars on weekdays within a 15-minute period </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2b. SOC levels before and after charging </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2b. SOC levels before and after charging by charging level by vehicle type.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: SOC levels before and after charging events, classified by charging level and vehicle type. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle_SOC_P </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_Start SOC_P1 as an example, it refers to SOC of private cars charging with P1 at the start of charging </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The SOC corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of SOC. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of SOC. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of SOC. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The SOC corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>5. Energy Consumption Rate (ECR) of Passenger Cars</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2c-top. ECR of passenger cars by month of the year </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2c-top.Energy consumption rate (ECR) of passenger cars by month of the year.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Monthly ECR of passenger cars in different cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Shenzhen </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Shanghai </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Guangzhou </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Chengdu </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR of passenger cars by month in Nanjing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig2c-bottom.ECR of passenger cars as a function of temperature </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig2c-bottom.ECR of passenger cars as a function of temperature.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Passenger vehicle ECR in relation to temperature across different cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Temperature </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Temperature of a city in a certain month </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>℃ </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>ECR </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Average energy consumption rate of passenger cars of a city in a certain month </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kWh/100km </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>6. Charging Events and Load Distribution</strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig3-1.Number of vehicles being charged by level by time of day </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig3-1.Number of vehicles being charged by level by time of day.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Number of vehicles charging at different power levels throughout the day. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Vehicle type_P_day type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_P1_workday as an example, it refers to number of private cars being charged with P1 on weekdays within a 5-minute period </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig3-2.Daily charging load from electric vehicles </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Fig3-2.Daily charging load from electric vehicles across different vehicle types and power level.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Charging load data across vehicle types and power levels, aggregated by time of day. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Vehicle type_P_day type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_P1_workday as an example, it refers to charging load of private cars being charged with P1 on weekdays within a 5-minute period </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>7. Spatial Distribution of Max Charging Power </strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig4a. Annual maximum charging power within each hexagonal grid across Beijing, 4c Distributions of the three clusters of temporal charging profiles in Beijing, and 4d Share of clusters by city. </strong></p> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigS7-FigS12. Spatial distributions of charging power (kW): Max charging power and cluster distributions (City name). </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: max_power_cluster_cities.shp </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: This dataset covers the maximum charging power distribution across seven Chinese cities, using H3 grids with Resolution 8 (~0.74 km²). </p> </div> <div> <p>Cluster 0, 1, and 2 are defined based on the temporal profiles of charging power in the grids. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Nanjing, Chengdu, and Chongqing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>hex_id </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Hexagon ID of H3 system with Resolution 8. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>cluster_id </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>This indicates the cluster index of each hexagon. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>max_power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Maximum charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>geometry </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Hexagons in EPSG: 4326 – WGS 84. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Polygon </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>8. Temporal Patterns of Charging Power </strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>Fig 4b Three unique clusters of daily temporal patterns of charging power (all cities) </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: clusters_tempo.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Temporal variations of charging power aggregated from all hexagons in each cluster. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>cluster_id </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>This indicates the cluster index of each hexagon. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>t </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Hourly index (0-23) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Integer </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>q25 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>q50 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>q75 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of charging power. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Weekday/Weekend. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h1><strong>Supplementary Information: </strong></h1> </div> <div> <h2><strong>S1. Accuracy and Quality of Data Collection: GPS Measurement Accuracy </strong></h2> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI1.Histogram of spatial errors in GPS Measurements </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI1.Histogram of spatial errors in GPS Measurements.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the accuracy of GPS data used in the study. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of spatial error </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>m </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h2><strong>S2. Charging Behavior Analysis </strong></h2> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Empirical Distributions of Charger Power Delivered: </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI2-1.Distributions of charger power delivered to cars </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI2-1.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to cars.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the distribution of charger power for passenger cars. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of charging power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI2-2.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to buses </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI2-2.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to buses.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the distribution of charger power for buses. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of charging power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI2-3.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to SPVs </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI2-3.Empirical distributions of charger power delivered to SPVs.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the distribution of charger power for special purpose vehicles (SPVs). </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Interval </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The interval of charging power </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>kW </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Height </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The height of each column in the histogram </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Charging Power Preferences: </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI3.Distribution of charging power level preferences among different EV types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI3.Distribution of charging power level preferences among different EV types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of charging power level preferences for different EV types. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 & P2 & P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 & P2 & P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P2 & P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P2 & P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 & P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 & P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 & P2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 & P2 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P3 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P3 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P2 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P2 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>P1 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The ratio of each EV type's number of P1 chargers to the total number of that EV type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>% </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Charging Event Durations </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI4.Average duration (hr) of charging events by type of charging energy for different vehicle types </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: Average duration (hr) of charging events by type of charging energy for different vehicle types.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of the average duration of charging events categorized by energy type. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>vehicle type_charging duration_P </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Private car_charging duration_P1 as an example, it refers to charging duration of private cars charging with P1 </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging duration corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of charging duration. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of charging duration. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of charging duration. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The charging duration corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Vehicle Usage Patterns and Energy Metrics </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI5.Distributions of average daily driving distance by vehicle type </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI5.Distributions of average daily driving distance by vehicle type.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Distribution analysis of daily driving distances across different vehicle types and cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_vehicle type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Beijing_Private car as an example, it refers to average daily driving distance of private cars in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The average daily driving distance corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of average daily driving distance. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of average daily driving distance. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of average daily driving distance. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The average daily driving distance corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div> <div> <h3><strong>Battery Energy Distribution: </strong></h3> </div> <div> <p><strong>FigSI6.Distributions of nominal battery energy by vehicle type </strong></p> </div> <div> <p>File: FigSI6.Distributions of nominal battery energy by vehicle type.csv </p> </div> <div> <p>Description: Analysis of nominal battery energy distributions across vehicle types and cities. </p> </div> <div> <div> <div> </div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Column </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Description </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Data type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Unit </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>city_vehicle type </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Take Beijing_Private car as an example, it refers to nominal battery energy of private cars in Beijing </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>String </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Lower Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The nominal battery energy corresponding to the Lower Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q1 (25%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 25th percentile value of nominal battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Median (50%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The median value of nominal battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Q3 (75%) </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The 75th percentile value of nominal battery energy. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div> <div> <p>Upper Whisker </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>The nominal battery energy corresponding to the Upper Whisker of the box plot. </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>Float </p> </div> </div> </td> <td> <div> <div> <p>- </p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div> <p> </p> </div>
Lithium-ion battery charge and discharge testing data - current, voltage, soc, ta - at constant levels of power
<p>This dataset helped in the composition of a battery testing and modelling validation, of a lithium-ion battery. The data has the charge and discharge testing acquisition data - current, voltage, soc, ta - at constant levels of power.</p>
Gate tunability of highly efficient spin-to-charge conversion by spin Hall effect in graphene proximitized with WSe2
<p>Data associated with "Gate tunability of highly efficient spin-to-charge conversion by spin Hall effect in graphene proximitized with WSe<sub>2</sub>" </p> <p>Publication: <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.09227">https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.09227</a> and <a href="https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0006101">https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0006101</a></p> <p><br> </p>
ARMOR and NALMA data corresponding to "Observations of anomalous charge structures in supercell thunderstorms in the Southeastern United States"
<p>Dataset includes dual-polarization C-band University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) Advanced Radar for Meteorological and Operational Research (ARMOR) data in Raw and quality-controlled Universal Format (UF) from a selected period on 10 April 2009 as well as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (NALMA) data in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) format from selected period on 10 April 2009. </p> <p>The ARMOR is located at the Huntsville International Airport in Huntsville, Alabama at 34.64597, -86.77131, 200 m MSL. A set of 15 radar sampling volumes between 1712 UTC and 1821 UTC on 10 April 2009 are included in the dataset. Each of the raw and corrected UF files contains horizontal reflectivity (dBZ), differential reflectivity (dB), Doppler velocity (m s<sup>-1</sup>), spectrum width (m s<sup>-1</sup>), differential phase (°), and total power (dBZ) data. The corrected UF files additionally contain horizontal reflectivity and differential reflectivity data corrected for attenuation and differential attenuation following the methods of Bringi et al. (2001). The corrected files also contain estimated differential propagation phase (°) and computed specific differential phase (° km<sup>-1</sup>) data (Hubbert and Bringi 1995). </p> <p> </p> <p>ARMOR file naming conventions are as follows: </p> <p> </p> <p>RAW_NA_000_125_20090410171216.gz</p> <p>RAW: file format</p> <p>125: can scan type, where 125 indicates a full or sector volume plan position indicator </p> <p>20090410171216: date and time in the order of year, month, day, hour, minute, and second</p> <p> </p> <p>ARMOR_20090410171216_qc1.uf.gz</p> <p>ARMOR: radar name</p> <p>20090410171216: date and time in the order of year (YYYY), month (MM), day (DD), hour (HH), minute (MM), and second (SS)</p> <p>qc1: denotes ARMOR processed data</p> <p>uf: denotes the file format </p> <p> </p> <p>NALMA data consist of undecimated VHF source-level lightning measurements in hourly files. The center of the network is located at 34.72461, -86.64533. The network consisted of 11 sensors distributed throughout north Alabama and south-central Tennessee. Information about contributing stations is available in the header of each hourly file, including the station location, status, and the number of sources detected by each station. Further network-specific information documented by Koshak et al. (2004) while Rison et al. (1999) discuss LMA characteristics.</p> <p>Source data include information about the time the source was detected (UTC seconds of the day), latitude and longitude (decimal degrees), altitude (m), reduced chi<sup>2</sup> value associated with post-processing (unitless), power (dBW), and a network mask indicating the detecting stations (unitless). The format is (f15.9 f10.6 f11.6f 7.1 f5.2 f5.1 4x). </p> <p> </p> <p>Hourly file naming conventions are as follows:</p> <p> </p> <p>LYLOUT_090410_160000_3600.dat.gz</p> <p>LYLOUT: LMA file designator</p> <p>090410: date in order of last two digits of year (YY), month (MM), and day (DD)</p> <p>160000: time in order of hour (HH), minute (MM), and second (SS)</p> <p>3600: length of period covered in file in seconds (3600 s = 1 hour)</p> <p> </p> <p>Acknowledgments: </p> <p>Data were collected with support from NASA MSFC Award NNM05AA22A.</p> <p> </p> <p>References:</p> <p>Bringi, V. N., Keenan, T. D., & Chandrasekar, V. (2001). Correcting C-band radar reflectivity and differential reflectivity data for rain attenuation: A self-consistent method with constraints. <em>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing</em>, <em>39</em>(9), 1906–1915. https://doi.org/10.1109/36.951081</p> <p>Hubbert, J., and V. N. Bringi, 1995: An iterative filtering technique for the analysis of copolar differential phase and dual-frequency radar measurements. <em>Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology</em>, <strong>12</strong>, 643–648. </p> <p>Koshak, W. J., Solakiewicz, R. J., Blakeslee, R. J., Goodman, S. J., Christian, H. J., Hall, J. M., … Cecil, D. J. (2004). North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (LMA): VHF source retrieval algorithm and error analyses. <em>Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology</em>, <em>21</em>(4), 543–558. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2004)021<0543:NALMAL>2.0.CO;2</p> <p>Rison, W., Thomas, R. J., Krehbiel, P. R., Hamlin, T., & Harlin, J. (1999). A GPS-based three-dimensional lightning mapping system: Initial observations in Central New Mexico. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <em>26</em>(23), 3573–3576.</p>
ARMOR and NALMA data corresponding to 2008 storms analyzed in "Examining conditions supporting the development of anomalous charge structures in supercell thunderstorms in the Southeastern United States"
<p>Total lightning and dual-polarization Doppler velocity data are available from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (NALMA) and the C-band University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) Advanced Radar for Meteorological and Operational Research (ARMOR), respectively, over selected periods on 6 February 2008 and 11 April 2008. NALMA data are provided in American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) format and ARMOR data are provided in Raw and quality-controlled Universal Format (UF), where quality control methods are described below. </p> <p> </p> <p>The NALMA data are provided in hourly files which include undecimated point location (source-level) data corresponding to the detection of very high frequency (VHF) radiation emitted during the breakdown of lightning (Rison et al., 1999; Thomas et al., 2001). Source locations were reported from active sensors configured in an 11-sensor array distributed throughout North Alabama and South Central Tennessee, the center of which is located at 34.72641, -86.64533 (Koshak et al. 2004). Data files include information on the time that each source was detected (UTC seconds of the day), the latitude, longitude, and altitude of each source’s location (decimal degrees and m, respectively), the reduced chi<sup>2</sup> value associated with data processing (unitless), a station mask indicating which sensors contributed to the resolved location of each source (unitless). These data are provided in a line-by-line format of (f15.9 f10.6 f11.6f 7.1 f5.2 f5.1 4x). The 2008 data files additionally include a header section that provides further information about each sensor in the network and its relative contribution to the dataset. </p> <p> </p> <p>The hourly fine naming conventions are as follows for the February 2008 data:</p> <p>LMA_NA_6.2_125_2008-02-06_10-00-00.dat.gz</p> <p>LMA_NA: LMA file designator corresponding to the NALMA</p> <p>2008-02-06: year (YYYY)-month (MM)-day (DD)</p> <p>10-00-00: UTC time, (HH)-minute (MM)-second (SS)</p> <p> </p> <p>And for the April 2008 data:</p> <p>LYLOUT_080411_180000_3600.dat.gz</p> <p>LYLOUT: LMA file designator</p> <p>080411: date in order of last two digits of year (YY), month (MM), and day (DD)</p> <p>180000: UTC time in order of hour (HH), minute (MM), and second (SS)</p> <p>3600: length of period covered in file in seconds (3600 s = 1 hour)</p> <p> </p> <p>ARMOR data are provided as sets of 14 (14) sampling volumes corresponding to the 6 February 2008 (11 April 2008) periods between 1002 UTC and 1119 UTC (1844 UTC and 1952 UTC). Each RAW and processed UF file contains horizontal reflectivity (dBZ), differential reflectivity (dB), Doppler velocity (m s<sup>-1</sup>), spectrum width (m s<sup>-1</sup>), differential phase (º), and total power (dBZ) data. Horizontal reflectivity and differential reflectivity data were corrected for attenuation and differential attenuation, differential propagation phase (º) was estimated, and specific differential phase (º km<sup>-1</sup>) was calculated during post-processing (Hubbert and Bringi 1995, Bringi et al. 2001).</p> <p> </p> <p>Acknowledgments: </p> <p>NALMA data were collected with support from NASA MSFC Award NNM05AA22A.</p> <p> </p> <p>References:</p> <p>Bringi, V. N., Keenan, T. D., & Chandrasekar, V. (2001). Correcting C-band radar reflectivity and differential reflectivity data for rain attenuation: A self-consistent method with constraints. <em>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing</em>, <em>39</em>(9), 1906–1915. https://doi.org/10.1109/36.951081</p> <p>Hubbert, J., and V. N. Bringi, 1995: An iterative filtering technique for the analysis of copolar differential phase and dual-frequency radar measurements. <em>Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology</em>, <strong>12</strong>, 643–648. </p> <p>Koshak, W. J., Solakiewicz, R. J., Blakeslee, R. J., Goodman, S. J., Christian, H. J., Hall, J. M., … Cecil, D. J. (2004). North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (LMA): VHF source retrieval algorithm and error analyses. <em>Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology</em>, <em>21</em>(4), 543–558. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(2004)021<0543:NALMAL>2.0.CO;2</p> <p>Rison, W., Thomas, R. J., Krehbiel, P. R., Hamlin, T., & Harlin, J. (1999). A GPS-based three-dimensional lightning mapping system: Initial observations in Central New Mexico. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <em>26</em>(23), 3573–3576.</p> <p>Thomas, R. J., Krehbiel, P. R., Hamlin, T., Harlin, J., & Shown, D. (2001). Observations of VHF source powers radiated by lightning. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, <em>28</em>(1), 143–146. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011464</p> <p> </p>
Testing 3D modelling software. Modelling charging pads for WPT of electric vehicles for EM emissions simulation.
<p>Even for the experienced 3D FEM modelers it may not be obvious which geometry discretization is the most appropriate and suitable for this type of problem. It may be a conservative approach to test the computation tool on a simplified geometry, on which the magnetic field distribution is known. As part of the “Metrology for inductive charging of electric vehicles” (MICEV) project (www.micev.eu), an axisymmetric geometry was used, with the results reported.</p>
Terahertz Spin-to-Charge Conversion by Interfacial Skew Scattering in Metallic Bilayers
<p>Data of the publication "Terahertz Spin-to-Charge Conversion by Interfacial Skew Scattering in Metallic Bilayers" published in Advanced Materials, 33, 2006281 (2021). THz waveforms for a subset and RMS data - corrected for pump incoupling and THz outcoupling - for various F and N metallic bilayers and interface modifications as well as the calculated spin Hall angles for different interfacial impurities are provided.</p>
Open Access journals charging publication fees for a) the ten countries with the highest output of Open Access journals and b) sociological journals (2012, 2014)
<p>The files represent data on Open Access journals charging publication fees for a) the ten countries with the highest output of Open Access journals and b) all sociological journals indexed in the Directory of Open Access Journals DOAJ. The data covers a time span of about 18 months, it was collected in November 2012 and June 2014.</p>
Numbers and shares of Open Access Journals in Sociology charging publication fees (article processing charges APCs)
<p>On the eleventh of June 2014 the Directory of Open Access Journals DOAJ listed 109 sociology journals. For these journals the information on publication charges was wrong in more than 10 % of the cases. Focusing on the eleven journals that - according to the DOAJ - used (always or conditionally) APCs the situation is even worse: 10 of these journals (90,9 %) were categorized wrongly.</p> <p>In fact only three out of these 109 journals (2,75 %) are charging their authors. The files contain corrected information for the 109 journals including the sums charged by the journals.</p>
CBS - Charging Behavior Survey
<p>Two online surveys, one for BEV, and one for truck drivers, were set up and yielded a total of 348 responses, which are all included in this data set. For the BEV survey, stickers with QR codes linking to the respective online survey were attached to 56 charging stations in Munich and its surroundings. The truck survey was sent to professional truck drivers known to the Chair of Automotive Technology of the Technical University of Munich. </p><p>The data repository available contains three data file types, all in CSV format:</p><ol><li>The surveys' complete results are provided in both German (original) and English (translated) language (<i>bev_survey_ger.csv</i>, <i>bev_survey_eng.csv</i>, <i>truck_survey_ger.csv</i>, <i>truck_survey_eng.csv</i>).</li><li>Question encodings are given by <i>bev_question_encoding.csv</i> and <i>truck_question_encoding.csv</i>. These encoding files contain the original question texts, their English translations, the corresponding column name mapping to column names in the survey data CSV, and the data type per question.</li><li><i>bev_response_translation.csv </i>and <i>truck_response_translation.csv </i>comprise all original response options and their English translations.</li></ol><p>Additionally, we provide two Python files for an easy import of the data sets. </p><p>The data was collected from December 2022 to February 2023. </p>
FAIR Charging Station data package (Normalised)
<p>FAIR and normalised dataset based on the BNetzA charging station data.</p> <p>Original source: <a href="https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/DE/Fachthemen/ElektrizitaetundGas/E-Mobilitaet/Ladesaeulenkarte/start.html">BNetzA Ladesaeulenregister (from 01.12.2024)</a></p> <p>Cleaning and annotation scripts: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10201060">FAIR Charging station data</a></p> <p>Metadata key reference:<a href="https://github.com/OpenEnergyPlatform/oemetadata/blob/develop/metadata/latest/metadata_key_description.md"> OEMETADATA Key description</a></p> <p>The data can be loaded individually from the csv files or as a whole using <a href="https://github.com/frictionlessdata/frictionless-py">frictionless.py</a>, for example, unzipping and calling:</p> <p> </p> <blockquote> <p>import frictionless as fl</p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>package = fl.Package('bnetza_charging_stations_normalised_01_12_2024.json')</p> </blockquote>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.