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8 results for “Chloroidium”
Data from: The genome and phenome of the green alga Chloroidium sp. UTEX 3007 reveal adaptive traits for desert acclimatization
To investigate the phenomic and genomic traits that allow green algae to survive in deserts, we characterized a ubiquitous species, Chloroidium sp. UTEX 3007, which we isolated from multiple locations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Metabolomic analyses of Chloroidium sp. UTEX 3007 indicated that the alga accumulates a broad range of carbon sources, including several desiccation tolerance-promoting sugars and unusually large stores of palmitate. Growth assays revealed capacities to grow in salinities from zero to 60 g/L and to grow heterotrophically on >40 distinct carbon sources. Assembly and annotation of genomic reads yielded a 52.5 Mbp genome with 8153 functionally annotated genes. Comparison with other sequenced green algae revealed unique protein families involved in osmotic stress tolerance and saccharide metabolism that support phenomic studies. Our results reveal the robust and flexible biology utilized by a green alga to successfully inhabit a desert coastline.
FIGURE 4. TCS haplotype network inferred from ITS-2 in The polyphasic approach revealed new species of Chloroidium (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
FIGURE 4. TCS haplotype network inferred from ITS-2 rDNA sequences of Chloroidium saccharophilum. This network was inferred using the algorithm described by Clement et al. (2002). Sequence nodes corresponding to samples collected from different geographical region and from different habitats.
FIGURE 6 in The polyphasic approach revealed new species of Chloroidium (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
FIGURE 6. Morphology and phenotypic plasticity of the new Chloroidium species. A.–G. C. antarcticum; H.–M. C. viscosum; N.–V. C. arboriculum; scale bar = 10 μm.
FIGURE 5. TCS haplotype network inferred from ITS-2 in The polyphasic approach revealed new species of Chloroidium (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
FIGURE 5. TCS haplotype network inferred from ITS-2 rDNA sequences of Chloroidium ellipsoideum and C. lichenum. This network was inferred using the algorithm described by Clement et al. (2002). Sequence nodes corresponding to samples collected from different geographical region and from different habitats.
FIGURE 3 in The polyphasic approach revealed new species of Chloroidium (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
FIGURE 3. Comparison of the conserved region of ITS-2 among the species of Chloroidium. Extraction of this region and translation into a number code for its usage as barcode (extracted bases highlighted with an asterisk). Number code for each base pair: 1 = A-U; 2 = U-A; 3 = G-C; 4 = C-G; 5 = G•U; 6 = U•G; 7 = mismatch; 8 = deletion, single or unpaired bases.
FIGURE 1 in The polyphasic approach revealed new species of Chloroidium (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
FIGURE 1. Molecular phylogeny of Chloroidium based on SSU and ITS rDNA sequence comparisons. The phylogenetic trees shown were inferred using the maximum likelihood method based on the data sets (2643 aligned positions of 58 taxa) using PAUP 4.0b10. For the analyses the best model was calculated by Modeltest 3.7. The setting of the best model was given as follows: GTR+I+G (base frequencies: A 0.2263, C 0.2597, G 0.2814, T 0.2326; rate matrix A-C 3.0220, A-G 3.2461, A-U 1.8828, C-G 1.0985, C-U 7.0041, G-U 1.0000) with the proportion of invariable sites (I = 0.7069) and gamma shape parameter (G = 0.6406). The branches in bold are highly supported in all analyses (Bayesian values> 0.95 calculated with PHASE and MrBayes; bootstrap values> 70% calculated with PAUP using maximum likelihood, neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony and RAxML using maximum likelihood). The taxa originally described as Parachloroidium were indicated by an asterisk. The ITS-2 haplotype designations as well as the geographical origins and habitats are given color-coded after the strain designations.
FIGURE 2 in The polyphasic approach revealed new species of Chloroidium (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)
FIGURE 2. Molecular phylogeny of representatives belonging to the Watanabea clade based on rbcL and SSU rDNA sequence comparisons. The phylogenetic trees shown were inferred using the maximum likelihood method based on the data sets (23 taxa: 1790 aligned positions for SSU, 804 for rbcL) using PAUP 4.0b10. For the analyses the best model was calculated by Modeltest 3.7. The setting of the best model was given as follows: (SSU) TIM+I+G (base frequencies: A 0.2462, C 0.2339, G 0.2883, T 0.2316; rate matrix A-C 1.0000, A-G 2.2465, A-U 1.2966, C-G 1.2966, C-U 6.0538, G-U 1.0000) with the proportion of invariable sites (I = 0.5137) and gamma shape parameter (G = 0.6912); (rbcL) GTR+I+G (base frequencies: A 0.2606, C 0.2247, G 0.2899, T 0.2248; rate matrix A-C 2.3970, A-G 1.2715, A-U 0.7452, C-G 0.5103, C-U 6.8373, G-U 1.0000) with the proportion of invariable sites (I = 0.6386) and gamma shape parameter (G = 0.2501). The branches in bold are highly supported in all analyses (Bayesian values> 0.95 calculated with PHASE and MrBayes; bootstrap values> 70% calculated with PAUP using maximum likelihood, neighbor-joining, maximum parsimony and RAxML using maximum likelihood). The Bayesian analysis in PHASE was calculated using the dataset of all three codon bases (1206 bp) and the codon model YNH98 (Yang et al. 1998).
Data from: The genome and phenome of the green alga Chloroidium sp. UTEX 3007 reveal adaptive traits for desert acclimatization
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