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56 results for “Clade size”
Fig. 12 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 12. Distribution map of Chumma spp.: C. bicolor sp. nov. (▲); C. foliata sp. nov. (●); C. gastroperforata Jocqué, 2001 (●); C. inquieta Jocqué, 2001 (Ǫ); C. interfluvialis sp. nov. (■); C. lesotho sp. nov. (●); C. striata sp. nov. (●); C. subridens sp. nov. (●); C. tsitsikamma sp. nov. (●).
Fig. 7 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 7. Chumma striata sp. nov. A, F, G. Holotype, ♀. B, E. ♂ (MRAC 169642). C, D. ♂ (MRAC 169733). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Palp, retrolateral view. D. As preceding, dorsal view (arrow indicates posterior spine on RTA). E. As preceding, ventral view. F. Epigyne, ventral view. G. Epigyne, cleared, dorsal view. – H. Chumma gastroperforata Jocqué, 2001, paratype, ♀ (MRAC 131718), epigyne. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C–E = 0.2 mm, E–H = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 1 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 1. Chumma bicolor sp. nov., paratype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Abdomen, dorsal view. C. Habitus, ventral view. D. Epigyne, ventral view. E. Epigyne, cleared, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–C = 0.5 mm; D–E = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 10 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 10. Chumma tsitsikamma sp. nov., holotype, ♂ A. Palp, ventral view. B. As preceding, retrolateral view. C. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Fig. 4 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 4. Chumma interfluvialis sp. nov. A, C–D. Holotype, ♂. B, E–F. Paratype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Palp, ventral view. D. As preceding, retrolateral view. E. Epigyne, ventral view. F. Epigyne, cleared, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C–F = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 6 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 6. Chumma lesotho sp. nov., holotype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. As preceding, ventral view. C. Epigyne, ventral view. D. Epigyne, cleared, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C–D = 0.2 mm. Arrows indicate anterior protuberance on spermathecae.
Fig. 5. A–D in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 5. A–D. Chumma interfluvialis sp. nov. A–C. Holotype, ♂. A. Palp, prolateral view. B. As preceding, retrolateral view. C. As preceding, ventral view. D. Paratype, ♀, epigyne, ventral view. – E. Chumma lesotho sp. nov., holotype, ♀, epigyne, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Fig. 8. A in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 8. A. Chumma striata sp. nov., holotype, ♀, epigyne, ventral view. – B–E. Chumma subridens sp. nov. B–D. Holotype, ♂. B. Palp, retrolateral view. C. As preceding, ventral view. D. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. E. Paratype, ♀, epigyne, ventral view (NCA 2013/4474). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Fig. 3 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 3. Chumma foliata sp. nov. A, C–D = holotype, ♂. B, E–F = paratype, ♀. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Palp, dorsal view. D. As preceding, ventral view. E. Epigyne, ventral view. F. Epigyne, cleared, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C–F = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 9 in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 9. Chumma subridens sp. nov. A, C–E. Holotype, ♂. B, F–G. Paratype, ♀ (NCA 2013/4474). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, dorsal view. C. Palp, ventral view. D. As preceding, dorsal view. E. As preceding, retrolateral view. F. Epigyne, ventral view. G. Epigyne, cleared, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B = 0.5 mm; C–G = 0.2 mm.
Fig. 2. A in New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade
Fig. 2. A. Chumma bicolor sp. nov., paratype, ♀, epigyne, ventral view. – B–D. Chumma foliata sp. nov., holotype, ♂. B. Palp, ventral view. C. As preceding, retrolateral view. D. Palpal tibia, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
Linked collectors and determiners for: New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New Chummidae (Araneae): quadrupling the size of the clade". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/49d1e797-32b4-414b-a993-63ec0110d8db">https://bionomia.net/dataset/49d1e797-32b4-414b-a993-63ec0110d8db</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/49d1e797-32b4-414b-a993-63ec0110d8db">https://gbif.org/dataset/49d1e797-32b4-414b-a993-63ec0110d8db</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Concatenated matrix from: Pristimantis trachyblepharis species group, a clade of miniaturized frogs: description of four new species and insights into the evolution of body size within the genus
<p>Matrix in nexus format that include sequences of <em>RAG1 </em>(1 - 600 bp), <em>16S</em> (601 - 1912 bp), and <em>12S</em> (1913 - 2819 bp) genes for 347 specimens belonging to the genus Pristimantis, in addition to several specimens of neotropical frog genera as outgroups.</p>
Photographs of live individuals from: Pristimantis trachyblepharis species group, a clade of miniaturized frogs: description of four new species and insights into the evolution of body size within the genus
<p>Photographs in jpg format of live individuals examined for morphological comparisons and descriptions. </p> <ul> <li><em>P. albujai</em> (photographs of 28 specimens).</li> <li><em>P. aquilonaris</em> (photographs of 12 specimens).</li> <li><em>P. nanus</em> sp. nov. (photographs of 7 specimens).</li> <li><em>P. pramukae </em>sp. nov. (photographs of 36 specimens).</li> <li><em>P. trachyblepharis</em> (photographs of 26 specimens).</li> <li><em>P. ujucami</em> sp. nov. (photographs of 27 specimens).</li> <li><em>P. ventristellatus</em> sp. nov. (photographs of 26 specimens).</li> </ul> <p>Available photographs of several Unconfirmed Candidate Species (UCS) are also provided.</p>
Data from: Miniaturization, genome size, and biological size in a diverse clade of salamanders
Genome size (C-value) can affect organismal traits across levels of biological organization, from tissue complexity to metabolism. Neotropical salamanders show wide variation in genome and body sizes, including several clades with miniature species. Because miniaturization imposes strong constraints on morphology and development, and genome size is strongly correlated with cell size, we hypothesize that body size has played an important role in the evolution of genome size in bolitoglossine salamanders. If this hypothesis is correct, then genome size and body size should be correlated in this group. Using Feulgen Image Analysis Densitometry (FIAD), we estimated genome sizes for 60 species of neotropical salamanders. We also estimated the "biological size" of species by comparing genome size and physical body sizes in a phylogenetic context. We found a significant correlation between C-value and physical body size using optimal regression with an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model, and report the smallest salamander genome found to date. Our index of biological size showed that some salamanders with large physical body size have smaller biological body size than some miniature species, and that several clades showed patterns of increased or decreased biological size compared to their physical size. Our results suggest a causal relationship between physical body size and genome size and show the importance of considering the impact of both on the biological size of organisms. Indeed, biological size may be a more appropriate measure than physical size when considering phenotypic consequences of genome size evolution in many groups.
Data from: Miniaturization, genome size, and biological size in a diverse clade of salamanders
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Figure 23 in The Pristimantis trachyblepharis species group, a clade of miniaturized frogs: description of four new species and insights into the evolution of body size in the genus
Figure 23. Colour variation in life individuals of Pristimantis ventristellatus in ventral view. A, QCAZ 69245 (adult male, SVL 16.46 mm); B, QCAZ 69263 (adult female, SVL 18.62 mm); C, QCAZ 69273 (adult male, SVL 15.41 mm); D, QCAZ 69318 (adult female, SVL 22.02 mm); E, QCAZ 69365 (adult female, SVL 20.85 mm); F, QCAZ 69368 (adult male, SVL 15.16 mm).
Figure 24 in The Pristimantis trachyblepharis species group, a clade of miniaturized frogs: description of four new species and insights into the evolution of body size in the genus
Figure 24. Colour variation in preserved individuals of Pristimantis ventristellatus: 1, dorsal views; 2, ventral views. A, QCAZ 69264 (adult female, SVL 19.82 mm); B, QCAZ 69357 (adult female, SVL 20.6 mm); C, QCAZ 69318 (adult female, SVL 22.02 mm); D, QCAZ 69319 (adult female, SVL 18.62 mm); E, QCAZ 69320 (adult male, SVL 16.69 mm); F, QCAZ 69368 (adult male, SVL 15.16 mm); G, QCAZ 69265 (subadult male, SVL 14.51 mm).
Figure 22 in The Pristimantis trachyblepharis species group, a clade of miniaturized frogs: description of four new species and insights into the evolution of body size in the genus
Figure 22. Colour variation in life individuals of Pristimantis ventristellatus in dorsolateral view. A, QCAZ 69245 (adult male, SVL 16.46 mm); B, QCAZ 69263 (adult female, SVL 18.62 mm); C, QCAZ 69273 (adult male, SVL 15.41 mm); D, QCAZ 69319 (adult female, SVL 18.62 mm); E, QCAZ 69365 (adult female, SVL 20.85 mm); F, QCAZ 69368 (adult male, SVL 15.16 mm).
Figure 21 in The Pristimantis trachyblepharis species group, a clade of miniaturized frogs: description of four new species and insights into the evolution of body size in the genus
Figure 21. Photographs of the holotype of Pristimantis ventristellatus (QCAZ 69240; adult male, SVL 15.67 mm) in preservative. A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, ventral view of the right hand; D, ventral view of the right foot.
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