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72 results for “Clover”
K1702 - Kura Clover (Trifolium ambiguum) USDA Accession Image Dataset
<p><strong>Images</strong></p> <p>This dataset consists of 1135 images of Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum) USDA accessions grown at The Land Institute in Salina, Kansas over the 2017 growing season. Each image contains a single Kura clover plant framed by a 1/2" PVC sampling quadrat with internal dimensions of 16"x16" (internal area of 0.165 m2). Kura clover plots were hand weeded to remove all other vegetation except Kura clover. Some images may contain dead clover accessions that are either brown and dried up, or missing entirely. The images were acquired with a Canon EOS Rebel T6 DSLR camera under the following settings:</p> <ul> <li>ISO: 200</li> <li>Exposure: Auto</li> <li>Focal Length: Variable (33-40mm)</li> <li>Format: JPEG</li> <li>Size: 5184x3456</li> <li>Metering Mode: Multi-segment</li> </ul> <p>Images were acquired on two different dates: 2017-06-08 and 2017-07-03 and were named using the following convention "<IMG_ID>_<yyyymmdd>.jpg". All image can be found in processed/images folder. No image preprocessing was performed.</p> <p><strong>Annotations</strong></p> <p>The annotations consist of segmentation masks and bounding boxes. Each segmentation mask is saved as a png image and named using the convention "IMG_ID>_<yyyymmdd>.png". The segmentation class labels ('segmentation_class_map.json') are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>0: 'soil' background class containing all soil and non-target materials</li> <li>1: 'quadrat'</li> <li>2: 'clover'</li> </ul> <p>We drew bounding boxes for the quadrat, each quadrat corner, and the entire clover plant. The class labels ('obj_det_class_map.json') are as follows:</p> <ul> <li>1: 'clover'</li> <li>2: 'quadrat'</li> <li>3: 'quadrat_corner'</li> </ul> <p>Bounding boxes are in (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax) format and can be found in 'bboxes.csv'.</p> <p>All images are annotated using Labelbox software. Masks were generated by point prompts using Meta's Segment Anything model (SAM). The point prompts used to generate the masks can be found in 'SAM_points.csv'</p> <p>Additionally, some kura clover plants died or are not present in the plots where they were planted. We included the file 'plant_status.csv' to indicate which images include a living plant or a dead one.</p> <p><strong>Train/Val/Test Split</strong></p> <p>All 1035 images were randomly split with an 80/20 split on 1000 of the images (n=880, n=220) with the final 35 images reserved for the test holdout set. The file 'data_split.csv' holds the split class for each image.</p> <p>This dataset is released under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license which allows redistribution and re-use of the data herein as long as all authors are appropriately credited.</p>
Dataset accompanying Nölke et al. 2022. The choice of the white clover population alters overyielding of mixtures with perennial ryegrass and chicory and underlying processes. Scientific Reports
<p>This repository contains biomass and nitrogen yield data as well as data on diversity effects used by Nölke et al. in an article published in Scientific Reports (2022).</p> <p>Metadata are provided in the first excel worksheet ('explanation_overview'). For further details please see the original research article.</p>
Phenotypic variation and quantitative trait loci for resistance to southern anthracnose and clover rot in red clover
<p>Red clover (<em>Trifolium pratense</em> L.) is an important forage legume of temperate regions, particularly valued for its high yield potential and its high forage quality. Despite substantial breeding progress during the last decades, continuous improvement of cultivars is crucial to ensure yield stability in view of newly emerging diseases or changing climatic conditions. The high amount of genetic diversity present in red clover ecotypes, landraces and cultivars provides an invaluable, but often unexploited resource for the improvement of key traits such as yield, quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.</p> <p>A collection of 397 red clover accessions was genotyped using a pooled genotyping-by-sequencing approach with 200 plants per accession. Resistance to the two most pertinent diseases in red clover production, southern anthracnose caused by <em>Colletotrichum trifolii</em>, and clover rot caused by <em>Sclerotinia trifoliorum, </em>was assessed using spray inoculation. The mean survival rate for southern anthracnose was 22.9% and the mean resistance index for clover rot was 34.0%. Genome-wide association analysis revealed several loci significantly associated with resistance to southern anthracnose and clover rot. Most of these loci are in coding regions. One quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome 1 explained 16.8% of the variation in resistance to southern anthracnose. For clover rot resistance we found eight QTL, explaining together 80.2% of the total phenotypic variation. The SNPs associated with these QTL provide, once validated, a promising resource for marker-assisted selection in existing breeding programs, facilitating the development of novel cultivars with increased resistance against two devastating fungal diseases of red clover.</p>
The geographic scale of population level variation in growth and nodulation differs for two species of the prairie clover
<p>Zenodo deposit for Pozzi et al (2024) AJB</p> <p>The geographic scale of population level variation in growth and nodulation differs for two species of the prairie clover</p> <p><strong> _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________</strong></p> <p><strong>The geographic scale of population level variation in growth and nodulation differs for two species of the prairie clover</strong></p> <p>Adrien C.M. Pozzi<sup>1,2</sup>, Ruth G. Shaw<sup>1</sup>, Georgiana May<sup>1,3</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup> Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota Twin-Cities, St Paul, MN 55108. <sup>2</sup> Current affiliation: Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne, UMR CNRS 5557, UMR INRAE 1418, VetAgro Sup, 69622 Villeurbanne, France. ORCID: 0000-0001-6765-4293. <sup>3</sup> Correspondence: Georgiana May (gmay@umn.edu)</p> <p><em><strong>Keywords:</strong></em></p> <p>conservation; <em>Dalea</em> spp.; habitat fragmentation; mutualism; nitrogen-fixing symbiosis; population level variation; native prairie legume; restoration; rhizobia</p> <p><em><strong>Description:</strong></em></p> <p>This Zenodo deposit is part of the MN LCCMR Healthy Prairies project granted to R. Shaw and G. May, UMN Twin-Cities. It contains the following files:</p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span>“Metadata & data” spreadsheet. <em>Contains metadata and data about the Twin Valley experiment (including the position of plants, an intermediary census, growth and nodulation traits for harvested plants, data on bacterial isolates from root nodules, and source modifiers for GenBank accessions OQ732394-OQ732572).</em></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span>“Blast alignments output.txt” text file. <em>Contains ouput of Blastn alignements for the 16S rRNA genes of bacterial isolates against the rRNA_typestrains/16S_ribosomal_RNA 16S ribosomal RNA (Bacteria and Archaea type strains) database, to determine the genus as recommended by GenBank during sequence submission.</em></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span>“General script.R”. <em>R script of the general statistical analyses produced for publication.</em></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span>“General environment.RData”.<em> The companion RData (environment) of the above R script.</em></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span>“Trait model script.R”. <em>R script of the plant trait models produced for publication</em></p> <p><span><span>·<span> </span></span></span>“Trait model environment.RData”. <em>The companion RData (environment) of the above R script.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Acknowledgments:</em></strong></p> <p>The authors thank members of the May Lab (Mai Beauclaire, Em Daily, Mara Demers, Kane Keller, Cedric Ndinga-Muniania, Liam Vertal, Monica Watson) for their help in field and lab work. We thank members of the Healthy Prairies project (Shelby Flint, Anna Peschel, Bill Peterson) who provided much of the infrastructure that made this project possible, as well as help in setting up field experiments. We also thank volunteer undergrads from University of Minnesota Morris (Amelia Nelson, Emily Job, Lily Fulton) for assistance in measuring harvested plants and counting nodules. Funding for this project was provided by the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund as recommended by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources (LCCMR) Project 00086965, Healthy Prairies.</p> <p> </p>
ERK activity in migrating MDA-MB-231 cells (clover-ERK-KTR + sir-DNA)
<p>MDA-MB-231 or U2OS cells stably expressing clover-ERK-KTR were seeded on fibronectin-coated (1 µg /ml) Ibidi 8-well slides (Ibidi) 1 day before imaging. Four hours before imaging, the medium was supplemented with 250 nM sir-DNA (Cytoskeleton) and 25 mM HEPES (Sigma). Cells were then imaged live (37 °C, 5% CO<sub>2</sub>) using a Nikon Eclipse Ti2-E microscope (Nikon) equipped with an sCMOS Orca Flash4.0 camera (Hamamatsu) and controlled by the NIS-Elements software (Nikon, v 5.11.01). MDA-MB-231 cells were imaged using a 20× Nikon CFI Plan Apo Lambda objective (NA 0.75), either 1 frame per minute for 2 hours or 1 frame every 5 minutes for 17 hours. In these experiments, a camera binning of 2 × 2 was used. </p> <p>This dataset consists of 20 videos.</p>
Clover v3 assembly
<p>We present an assembly of the genome of subterranean clover, <em>Trifolium subterraneum</em>, an important pasture legume. Specifically, <em>in situ</em> Hi-C data (48X) was used to correct misjoins and anchor, order, and orient scaffolds in a previously published genome assembly (TSUd_r1.1; scaffold N50: 287kb). This resulted in an improved genome assembly (TrSub3; scaffold N50: 56Mb) containing eight chromosome-length scaffolds that span 95% of the sequenced bases in the input assembly.</p>
Dataset: Clover Health Investments, Corp. (CLOV) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Dataset: Clover Leaf Capital Corp. (CLOER) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Dataset: Clover Leaf Capital Corp. (CLOE) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Dataset: Clover Leaf Capital Corp. (CLOEU) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Multi-location trials and population-based genotyping reveal high diversity and adaptation to breeding environments in a large collection of red clover
<p>This dataset accompanies the article with the same title made available on bioRxiv <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.19.520744">https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.19.520744</a> </p>
Data and analysis scripts for: Co-occurrence patterns at four spatial scales implicate reproductive processes in shaping community assembly in clovers
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Red and white clover provide food resources for honeybees and wild bees in urban environments
<p>Pollination is a key ecological process both in wild plant species and in economically important crops. Global land use change and urbanization are known to alter plant-pollinator interactions, but our understanding of how the local (i.e. size of green area, food resource availability) and landscape (surrounding green area) context affect pollinators in urban landscapes remains understudied. We selected two co-occurring clover species, Trifolium pratense and T. repens. to assess whether mixed stands of common wildflowers provide resources for a diverse pollinator assemblage by supporting differently adapted/specialized pollinator species. We further wanted to test how environmental factors (flower diversity, resource availability, size and percentage of green area) alter plant-pollinator interactions in urban environments. We studied the pollinator assemblage and visitation rate of pollinators in 1 m² plots in 21 green areas of different sizes in the city of Vienna (Austria). In addition, we assessed the surrounding landscape context by estimating the percentage of green area in perimeters of 100 m, 500 m and 1000 m around each study plot and measured local flower resource availability. We found that proportions of pollinator taxa differed significantly between white and red clover, with T. repens mainly pollinated by Apis mellifera, and T. pratense primarily pollinated by different bumblebee species. Visitation frequency was positively correlated to local resource availability (number of anthetic Trifolium inflorescences in each plot), but independent of the surrounding landscape context (i.e. percentage of green area). We conclude that the establishment and maintenance even of small patches of different common wildflowers help maintain a diverse bee community in urban environments. Particularly large-flowered species may be important for supporting long-tongued, late emerging pollinators such as certain bumblebee species.</p>
Phenotype and QTL mapping data from: Genetic trade-offs underlie divergent life history strategies for local adaptation in white clover
<p>Local adaptation is common in plants, yet characterization of its underlying genetic basis is rare in herbaceous perennials. Moreover, while many plant species exhibit intraspecific chemical defense polymorphisms, their importance for local adaptation remains poorly understood. We examined the genetic architecture of local adaptation in a perennial, obligately-outcrossing herbaceous legume, white clover (<i>Trifolium repens</i>). This widespread species displays a well-studied chemical defense polymorphism for cyanogenesis (HCN release following tissue damage) and has evolved climate-associated cyanogenesis clines throughout its range. Two biparental F<sub>2</sub> mapping populations, derived from three parents collected in environments spanning the U.S. latitudinal species range (Duluth, MN, St. Louis, MO and Gainesville, FL), were grown in triplicate for two years in reciprocal common garden experiments in the parental environments (6,012 total plants). Vegetative growth and reproductive fitness traits displayed trade-offs across reciprocal environments, indicating local adaptation. Genetic mapping of fitness traits revealed a genetic architecture characterized by allelic trade-offs between environments, with 100% and 80% of fitness QTL in the two mapping populations showing significant QTL X E interactions, consistent with antagonistic pleiotropy. Across the genome there were three hotspots of QTL co-localization. Unexpectedly, we found little evidence that the cyanogenesis polymorphism contributes to local adaptation. Instead, divergent life history strategies in reciprocal environments were major fitness determinants: selection favored early investment in flowering at the cost of multi-year survival in the southernmost site vs. delayed flowering and multi-year persistence in the northern environments. Our findings demonstrate that multi-locus genetic tradeoffs contribute to contrasting life history characteristics that allow for local adaptation in this outcrossing herbaceous perennial.</p>
Beyond cyanogenesis: Temperature gradients drive environmental adaptation in North American white clover (Trifolium repens L.)
<p>Species that repeatedly evolve phenotypic clines across environmental gradients have been highlighted as ideal systems for characterizing the genomic basis of local environmental adaptation. However, few studies have assessed the importance of observed phenotypic clines for local adaptation: conspicuous traits that vary clinally may not necessarily be the most critical in determining local fitness. The present study was designed to fill this gap, using a plant species characterized by repeatedly-evolved adaptive phenotypic clines. White clover is naturally polymorphic for its chemical defense cyanogenesis (HCN release with tissue damage); climate-associated cyanogenesis clines have evolved throughout its native and introduced range worldwide. We performed landscape genomic analyses on 415 wild genotypes from 43 locations spanning much of the North American species range to assess the relative importance of cyanogenesis loci vs. other genomic factors in local climatic adaptation. We find clear evidence of local adaptation, with temperature-related climatic variables best describing genome-wide differentiation between sampling locations. The same climatic variables are also strongly correlated with cyanogenesis frequencies and gene copy number variations (CNVs) at cyanogenesis loci. However, landscape genomic analyses indicate no significant contribution of cyanogenesis loci to local adaptation. Instead, several genomic regions containing promising candidate genes for plant response to seasonal cues are identified — some of which are shared with previously-identified QTLs for locally-adaptive fitness traits in North American white clover. Our findings suggest that local adaptation in white clover is likely determined primarily by genes controlling the timing of growth and flowering in response to local seasonal cues. More generally, this work suggests that caution is warranted when considering the importance of conspicuous phenotypic clines as primary determinants of local adaptation.</p>
Variable expression of cyanide detoxification and tolerance genes in cyanogenic and acyanogenic white clover (Trifolium repens L.)
<p><strong>Premise of the study:</strong> β-cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) and alternative oxidase (AOX) play important roles in the ability of plants to detoxify and tolerate hydrogen cyanide (HCN) stress. These functions are critical for all plants, as HCN is produced at low levels during basic metabolic processes, but are likely to be especially important in cyanogenic species, which release high levels of HCN following tissue damage. However, their expression has not been examined in cyanogenic species, nor has it been compared between cyanogenic and acyanogenic genotypes within a species.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We used a natural polymorphism for cyanogenesis in white clover to examine β-CAS and Aox gene expression in relation to cyanogenesis-associated HCN exposure. We identified all β-CAS and Aox gene copies present in the genome, including members of the <em>Aox1, Aox2a</em> and <em>Aox2d </em>subfamilies previously reported in legumes. Expression levels were compared between cyanogenic and acyanogenic genotypes, and under conditions of leaf tissue damage compared to undamaged tissue. </p> <p><strong>Key results:</strong> Results indicate that β-CAS and Aox2a expression are differentially elevated in cyanogenic genotypes, and that tissue damage is not required to induce this increased expression. <em>Aox2d</em>, in contrast, appears to be upregulated as a generalized wounding response.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> These findings suggest a heightened constitutive role for both HCN detoxification (via elevated β-CAS expression) and HCN-toxicity mitigation (via elevated <em>Aox2a </em>expression) in plants that are capable of cyanogenesis. As such, freezing-induced cyanide autotoxicity is unlikely to be the primary selective factor in the evolution of climate-associated cyanogenesis clines. </p>
External Validation of the CLOVER Score for Detecting Occult Cancer in Venous Thromboembolism Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07310693. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Variable expression of cyanide detoxification and tolerance genes in cyanogenic and acyanogenic white clover (Trifolium repens L.)
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Phenotype and QTL mapping data from: Genetic trade-offs underlie divergent life history strategies for local adaptation in white clover
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Data from: Continent-wide climatic variation drives local adaptation in North American white clover
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