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22 results for “Clupea harengus”
A baseline for the genetic stock identification of Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, in ICES Divisions 6.a, 7.b-c
<p>Atlantic herring in ICES Divisions 6.a, 7.b-c comprises at least three populations, distinguished by temporal and spatial differences in spawning, which have until recently been managed as two stocks defined by geographic delineators. Outside of spawning the populations form mixed aggregations, which are the subject of acoustic surveys. The inability to distinguish the populations has prevented the development of separate survey indices and separate stock assessments. A panel of 45 SNPs, derived from whole genome sequencing, were used to genotype 3,480 baseline spawning samples (2014-2021). A temporally stable baseline comprising 2,316 herring from populations known to inhabit Division 6.a was used to develop a genetic assignment method, with a self-assignment accuracy >90%. The long-term temporal stability of the assignment model was validated by assigning archive (2003-2004) baseline samples (270 individuals) with a high level of accuracy. Assignment of non-baseline samples (1,514 individuals) from Division 6.a, 7.b-c indicated previously unrecognised levels of mixing of populations outside of the spawning season. The genetic markers and assignment models presented constitute a 'toolbox' that can be used for the assignment of herring caught in mixed survey and commercial catches in Division 6.a into their population of origin with a high level of accuracy.</p>
Figure 1 in Range extension of the Atlantic herring Clupea harengus (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) southern part of the Northeast Atlantic Ocean
Figure 1. – Map showing the location of records of Clupea harengus in the European Atlantic waters. The black dots constitute the historical captures reported in GBIF and the red dots represent the present records in the North of Spain between 2009 and 2018.
Fig. 3 in Location and elimination of Anisakis simplex third stage larvae in Atlantic herring Clupea harengus L
Fig. 3. The association of nematode larvae with musculature and body cavity organs in herring (unprocessed).
Fig. 2. A in Location and elimination of Anisakis simplex third stage larvae in Atlantic herring Clupea harengus L
Fig. 2. A. The correlation between total body length of herring (unprocessed) and the number of nematode larvae in each fish. B. The correlation between the total body weight of herring (unprocessed) and the number of nematode larvae in each fish.
Fig. 1 in Location and elimination of Anisakis simplex third stage larvae in Atlantic herring Clupea harengus L
Fig. 1. Left side of a herring showing division of the musculature into epaxial, hypaxial and caudal segments. The lower part of the hypaxial part (processed hypaxial) is removed during industrial processing. The right side is segmented similarly. Following processing the right and left musculature segments are still kept connected by dorsal connective tissue.
A baseline for the genetic stock identification of Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, in ICES Divisions 6.a, 7.b-c
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Figure 2. – Clupea harengus. A in Range extension of the Atlantic herring Clupea harengus (Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) southern part of the Northeast Atlantic Ocean
Figure 2. – Clupea harengus. A: MHNUSC25163-1, 285 mm TL; B: MHNUSC25163-2, 300 mm TL.
Fig. 6 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 6. Development of abdominal and caudal vertebrae in Clupea harengus. A)-C): abdominal vertebrae, D)-E): caudal vertebrae. A) 24.4 mm SL (IE/6832), B) 26.7 mm SL (IE/16957), C) 29.7 mm SL (IE/16958), D) 24.4 mm SL (IE/6832), E) 26.7 mm SL (IE/16957), F) 29.7 mm SL (IE/16958). C – centrum, Ha – haemal arch, Hs – haemal spine, Na – neural arch, Ns – neural spine. Scale bar = 500 μm.
Fig. 7 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 7. Intramuscular bones of C. harengus specimen of 6.5 mm SL. Ec – epicentralia, En – epineuralia, Ep – epipleuralia, My – myorhabdoi. Scale bar = 2.5 mm.
Fig. 3 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 3. Development of the supraneurals in Clupea harengus. A) 26.7 mm SL (IE/16957), B) 29.7 mm SL (IE/16958). Scale bar = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 2. Development of the fin supports and fin rays in dorsal and anal fin in Clupea harengus. A) 14.5 mm NL (IE/16973), B) 13.0 mm NL (IE/16989), C) 16.9 mm, SL (IE/16967), D) 24.3 mm SL (IE/16961), E) 29.7 mm SL (IE/16958). Blue – cartilage, red – bone. Dr - distal radial, P-mr – proximal-middle radial, R - ray, Sy - stay. Scale bar = 1 mm. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 5 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 5. Development of pectoral fin and shoulder girdle in Clupea harengus. A) 8.9 mm NL (IE/16988), B) 17.7 mm SL (IE/16968), C) 26.2 mm SL (IE/ 16964), D) 26.7 mm SL (IE/16957), E) 29.7 mm SL (IE/16958). Blue – cartilage, red – bone. Cl – cleithrum, Co – Coracoid, Co Ap - coracoscapular cartilage anterior process, Co Pp - coracoscapular cartilage posterior process, Co-Sca - coracoscapular cartilage, Dr - distal radial, Pcl – postcleithrum, Pot – posttemporal, Pp – propterygium, P-mr – proximal-middle radials, R – rays, Sc – scapula, Suc - supracleithrum. Scale bar = 500 μm. In D) & E) only the first fin ray is portrayed. E) is also portrayed without distal radials. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 1. Development of the caudal-fin skeleton in Clupea harengus. A) 13.0 mm NL (IE/16989), B) 16.9 mm SL (IE/16967), C) 21.4 mm SL (IE/16979), D) 26.7 mm SL (IE/16957), E) 29.7 mm SL (IE/16958). Blue – cartilage, red - bone, Cop - opisthural cartilage, Cphpu – post-haemal spine cartilage, Cphy - posthypural cartilage, Ep - epural, Ha – haemal arch, Hs - haemal spine, Hy - hypural, Na – neural arch, Ns - neural spine, Ph - parhypural, Pl - pleurostyle, Pu - preural centra, R - ray, U - ural centra, Un – uroneural, unI - unidentified. Scaler bar = 1 mm. Rays are not illustrated in E. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 4 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 4. Development of the pelvic fins and the pelvic-fin support in Clupea harengus. A) 23.2 mm SL (IE/16977), B) 23.5 mm SL (IE/16983), C) 26.2 mm SL (IE/ 16964). Blue – cartilage, red – bone. Bp - basipterygium, Ra - radial, R - rays. Scale bar = 200 μm. Only selected rays are shown exemplary in B and C. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 9 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 9. Overview of the development of the postcranial skeletal elements of C. harengus with regards to the average size at which the elements developed in cartilage (blue), bone (red) or notochord tissue (black). The complete ossification of an element or of all serial-homologous elements (e.g., radials) is indicated by a black star. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 8 in Postcranial skeletal development of the Atlantic herring (Clupeomorpha: Clupeidae: Clupea harengus)
Fig. 8. Overview on the development of the axial skeleton and pelvic fin of C. harengus. Bp – basipterygium, C – centrum, Ep – epural, Ha – haemal arch, Ha + S – haemal arch and spine, Hy – hypural, Na – neural arch, Na + S – neural arch and spine, Nc – notochord, Ph – parhypural, Pt -pterygiophores, R – rays, Rb – ribs, Sn – supraneurals, U – ural centrum, Un – uroneural. Fin rays of the caudal fin, shoulder girdle and intramuscular bones are not depicted.
Data from: Direct effects of microalgae and protists on herring (Clupea harengus) yolk sac larvae
This study investigated effects of microalgae (Rhodomonas baltica) and heterotrophic protists (Oxyrrhis marina) on the daily growth, activity, condition and feeding success of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) larvae from hatch, through the end of the endogenous (yolk sac) period. Yolk sac larvae were reared in the presence and absence of microplankton and, each day, groups of larvae were provided access to copepods. Larvae reared with microalgae and protists exhibited precocious (2 days earlier) and ≥ 60% increased feeding incidence on copepods compared to larvae reared in only seawater (SW). In the absence and presence of microalgae and protists, survival and growth trajectories of yolk sac larvae were similar and digestive enzyme activity (trypsin) and nutritional condition (RNA-DNA ratio) markedly declined in all larvae directly after yolk sac depletion. Thus, microplankton promoted early feeding but was not sufficient to alter survival and growth during the yolk sac phase. Given the importance of early feeding, field programs should place greater emphasis on the protozooplankton-ichthyoplankton link to better understand match-mismatch dynamics and bottom-up drivers of year class success in marine fish.
Data from: Direct effects of microalgae and protists on herring (Clupea harengus) yolk sac larvae
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Data from: High degree of cryptic population differentiation in the Baltic Sea herring Clupea harengus
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Reference allele frequencies for populations pools of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus)
<p>Atlantic herring is widespread in North Atlantic and adjacent waters and is one of the most abundant vertebrates on earth. This species is well suited to explore genetic adaptation due to minute genetic differentiation at selectively neutral loci. Here we report hundreds of loci underlying ecological adaptation to different geographic areas and spawning conditions. Four of these represent megabase inversions confirmed by long read sequencing. The genetic architecture underlying ecological adaptation in herring deviates from expectation under a classical infinitesimal model for complex traits because of large shifts in allele frequencies at hundreds of loci under selection.</p>
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