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16 results for “Colubroidea”
Fig. 3 in The first female specimen of the poorly known Arfak Stout-tailed Snake, Calamophis sharonbrooksae Murphy, 2012 (Serpentes: Colubroidea: Homalopsidae), from the Vogelkop Peninsula of Indonesian West New Guinea, with comments on the taxonomic history of primitive homalopsids
Fig. 3. Detailed views of the head and tail of the first known female Calamophis sharonbrooksae (NRM 17803), presented as both photographic and line-drawn illustrations for improved clarity. (A, A′) Dorsal view of the head, illustrating rostral (R), single internasal (IN), fused prefrontal-preocular (PF-PR), frontal (F), paired supraocular (SO), and parietals (P). (B, B′) Ventral view of the head, showing a single pair of chin shields (CS), seven infralabials (IL1-IL7), mental (M), and the first ventral scute (V1). (C, C′) Left lateral view of the head, additionally illustrating the undivided nasal (N), single postocular (PO), single anterior temporal (AT), two posterior temporals (PT), and six supralabials (SL1-SL6). (D, D′) Right lateral view of the head, illustrating differences in scalation compared to left side, three posterior temporals (PT), and small scale separating the postocular and anterior temporal (*). (E, E′) Ventral view of the tail, showing the final ventral (V158), divided cloacal plate (CP), first paired subcaudal (SC1), and rounded terminal scute (TS). Scale = 10 mm for Fig. 3A-D and 10 mm for Fig. 3E.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area
FIGURE 4. Collection localities of Sibon noalamina (squares, hollow symbol represents type locality), S. annulatus (upright triangles), S. longifrenis (pentagon), S. nebulatus (inverted triangles), and S. perissostichon (diamond), as well as protected areas (hatched) in western Panama. One symbol may represent several specimens from different localities close to each other. At the localities for S. noalamina and S. perissostichon, the symbols of other species found at the same general locality are offset for better visibility.
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area
FIGURE 5. Snail-eaters collected in western Panama: (A) Sibon annulatus (La Fortuna, SMF 88715), (B) S. annulatus (Río Changena, SMF 91578), (C) S. longifrenis (Cerro Mariposa, SMF 91581), (D) S. nebulatus (La Fortuna, SMF 90209), (E) S. perissostichon (La Fortuna, SMF 88716), (F) and (G) Dipsas articulata (Cerro Negro, SMF 89952), (H) D. temporalis (Cerro Negro, SMF 89769).
FIGURE 3 in A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area
FIGURE 3. Hemipenis of Holotype (SMF 91539) of Sibon noalamina: (A) sulcate, (B) asulcate view. Scale bar equals 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area
FIGURE 2. Head of Holotype (SMF 91539) of Sibon noalamina: (A) lateral (right side), (B) dorsal, and (C) ventral views. Scale bars equal 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Sibon (Squamata: Colubroidea: Dipsadidae) from the Cordillera Central of western Panama, with comments on other species of the genus in the area
FIGURE 1. Type series of Sibon noalamina: (A) Holotype (SMF 91539) in life (arrows indicate dorsal rows 3–5 next to visible keels), (B) dorsolateral and (C) ventrolateral views of euthanized holotype prior to eversion of hemipenes and preservation, (D) Juvenile paratype (SMF 90180) from type locality in life, (E) juvenile paratype (SMF 89550) from Veraguas in life.
FIGURE 4 in Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Genus Sibynophis (Serpentes: Colubroidea)
FIGURE 4: Mandible. A: Medial view of Sibynophis chinensis AMNH 34534; B: Medial view of Scaphiodontophis annulatus KU 191073; C: Medial view of Liophidium rhodogaster UMMZ 209427. Abbreviations: an = angular; cp = compound bone; d = dentary; sp = splenial. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Genus Sibynophis (Serpentes: Colubroidea)
FIGURE 3: Hemipenis. A: asulcate view of Sibynophis chinensis AMNH 34102; B: sulcate view of Sibynophis chinensis AMNH 34102; C: asulcate view of Scaphiodontophis annulatus KU 191073; D: sulcate view of Scaphiodontophis annulatus KU 191073; E: asulcate view of Liophidium rhodogaster UMMZ 209424; F: sulcate view of Liophidium rhodogaster UMMZ 209424. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Genus Sibynophis (Serpentes: Colubroidea)
FIGURE 2: Palatomaxillary arch. A: Dorsal view of Sibynophis chinensis AMNH 34534; B: Ventral view of Sibynophis chinensis AMNH 34534; C: Dorsal view of Scaphiodontophis annulatus KU 191073; D: Ventral view of Scaphiodontophis annulatus KU 191073; E: Dorsal view of Liophidium rhodogaster UMMZ 209427; F: Ventral view of Liophidium rhodogaster UMMZ 209427. Abbreviations: ept = ectopterygoid; mx = maxilla; pal = palatine; pt = pterygoid. Scale bar = 2 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Phylogenetic Relationships Of The Genus Sibynophis (Serpentes: Colubroidea)
FIGURE 1: Summary tree showing the major clades of Caenophidia as recovered in the maximum likelihood analysis of Pyron et al.'s (2011) data set with Sibynophis sequences added (full topology in Appendix S1). Taxon names in bold indicate high-level taxa (higher than family). Numbers near nodes indicate bootstrap values for unnamed clades. Numbers in parenthesis after a taxon name indicate bootstrap values for that clade.
FIGURE 1 in Fossil calibration dates for molecular phylogenetic analysis of snakes 2: Caenophidia, Colubroidea, Elapoidea, Colubridae
FIGURE 1. Phylogeny of Caenophidia from Pyron et al. (2013a) temporally calibrated on minimum ages reported here. Taxon names in grey have not been described in the fossil record. Taxon names in black have been described from fossils. See Holman (2000) and Szyndlar (2012) for records. Taxa labeled with two identifiers represent the most inclusive clades subtended by those identifiers following Pyron et al. (2013a).
Data from: Cranial ontogeny of Thamnophis radix (Serpentes: Colubroidea) with a re-evaluation of current paradigms of snake skull evolution
Accurate knowledge of skeletal ontogeny in extant organisms is crucial in understanding important morpho-functional systems and in enabling inferences of the ontogenetic stage of fossil specimens. However, detailed knowledge of skeletal ontogeny is lacking for most squamates, including snakes. Very few studies have discussed postnatal development in snakes, with none incorporating data from all three major ontogenetic stages – embryonic, juvenile, and adult. Here, we provide the first analysis encompassing these three ontogenetic stages for any squamate, using the first complete micro-computed tomography (micro-CT)-based segmentations of any non-adult snake, based on fresh specimens of Thamnophis radix. The most significant changes involve the feeding apparatus, with major elongation of the tooth-bearing elements and jaw suspensorium causing a posterior shift in the jaw articulation. This shift enables macrostomy (large-gaped feeding in snakes) and occurs in T. radix via a different developmental trajectory than in most other macrostomatans, indicating that the evolution of macrostomy is more complex than previously thought. The braincase of T. radix is also evolutionarily unique among derived snakes in lacking a crista circumfenestralis, a phenomenon considered herein to represent paedomorphic retention of the embryonic condition. We thus present a number of important challenges to current paradigms regarding snake cranial evolution.
Fig. 2 in The first female specimen of the poorly known Arfak Stout-tailed Snake, Calamophis sharonbrooksae Murphy, 2012 (Serpentes: Colubroidea: Homalopsidae), from the Vogelkop Peninsula of Indonesian West New Guinea, with comments on the taxonomic history of primitive homalopsids
Fig. 2. Dorsal and ventral views of the first known female Calamophis sharonbrooksae (NRM 17803). Scale = 25 mm.
Fig. 1 in The first female specimen of the poorly known Arfak Stout-tailed Snake, Calamophis sharonbrooksae Murphy, 2012 (Serpentes: Colubroidea: Homalopsidae), from the Vogelkop Peninsula of Indonesian West New Guinea, with comments on the taxonomic history of primitive homalopsids
Fig. 1. Distribution of Calamophis on the Vogelkop Peninsula, West Papua Province, and Schouten Islands, Papua Province, West New Guinea. Titles in yellow italic font identify political entities (regencies) that are bordered by yellow lines. Titles in white font label collection localities. Species are indicated by symbols, including C. sharonbrooksae (circle), C. ruuddelangi (downward triangle), C. katesandersae (diamond), and C. jobiensis (upward triangle). Scale = 200 km.
Data from: The origins and diversification of the exceptionally rich gemsnakes (Colubroidea: Lamprophiidae: Pseudoxyrhophiinae) in Madagascar
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Data from: Cranial ontogeny of Thamnophis radix (Serpentes: Colubroidea) with a re-evaluation of current paradigms of snake skull evolution
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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