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7 results for “Common Swift”
Data from: Gliding for a free lunch: biomechanics of foraging flight in Common Swifts (Apus apus)
Although the biomechanics of animal flight have been well studied in laboratory apparatus such as wind tunnels for many years, the applicability of these data to natural flight behaviour has been examined in few instances and mostly in the context of long-distance migration. Here we use rotational stereo-videography to record the free-flight trajectories of foraging common swifts. We find that despite their exquisite manoeuvring capabilities, the swifts only rarely performed high-acceleration turns. More surprisingly, we also found that despite feeding on tiny insects likely moving with ambient flow, the birds adjust their air speed to optimize cost of transport over distance. Finally, swifts spent only 25% of their time flapping; the majority of time (71%) was spent in extended wing gliding during which the average power expended for changes in speed or elevation was 0.84 W kg-1 and not significantly different from 0. Thus, gliding swifts extracted sufficient environmental energy to pay the cost of flight during foraging.
Data from: Gliding for a free lunch: biomechanics of foraging flight in Common Swifts (Apus apus)
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On following pages: 17. Philippine Large-headed Fruit Bat (Dyacopterus rickarti); 18. Blanford's Fruit Bat (Sphaerias blanfordi); 19. Bornean Spotted-winged Fruit Bat (Balionycteris maculata); 20. Malayan Spotted-winged Fruit Bat (Balionycteris seimundi); 21. Bornean Pygmy Fruit Bat (Aethalops aequalis); 22. Common Pygmy Fruit Bat (Aethalops alecto); 23. Common Swift Fruit Bat (Thoopterus nigrescens); 24. Suhaniah's Swift Fruit Bat (Thoopterus suhaniahae); 25. Mindanao Pygmy Fruit Bat (Alionycteris paucidentata); 26. Fischer's Pygmy Fruit Bat (Haplonycteris fischeri); 27. Luzon Pygmy Fruit Bat (Otopteropus cartilagonodus); 28. Salim Ali's Fruit Bat (Latidens salimalii): 29. Sundaic Black-capped Fruit Bat (Chironax melanocephalus); 30. Sulawesi Black-capped Fruit Bat (Chironax tumulus); 31. Lucas's Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Penthetor lucasii). in Pteropodidae
On following pages: 17. Philippine Large-headed Fruit Bat (Dyacopterus rickarti); 18. Blanford's Fruit Bat (Sphaerias blanfordi); 19. Bornean Spotted-winged Fruit Bat (Balionycteris maculata); 20. Malayan Spotted-winged Fruit Bat (Balionycteris seimundi); 21. Bornean Pygmy Fruit Bat (Aethalops aequalis); 22. Common Pygmy Fruit Bat (Aethalops alecto); 23. Common Swift Fruit Bat (Thoopterus nigrescens); 24. Suhaniah's Swift Fruit Bat (Thoopterus suhaniahae); 25. Mindanao Pygmy Fruit Bat (Alionycteris paucidentata); 26. Fischer's Pygmy Fruit Bat (Haplonycteris fischeri); 27. Luzon Pygmy Fruit Bat (Otopteropus cartilagonodus); 28. Salim Ali's Fruit Bat (Latidens salimalii): 29. Sundaic Black-capped Fruit Bat (Chironax melanocephalus); 30. Sulawesi Black-capped Fruit Bat (Chironax tumulus); 31. Lucas's Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Penthetor lucasii).
Evolution of chain migration in an aerial insectivorous bird, the common swift Apus apus
Spectacular long-distance migration has evolved repeatedly in animals enabling exploration of resources separated in time and space. In birds, these patterns are largely driven by seasonality, cost of migration, and asymmetries in competition leading most often to leap-frog migration, where northern breeding populations winter furthest to the south. Here we show that the highly aerial common swift Apus apus, spending the non-breeding period on the wing, instead exhibits a rarely-found chain migration pattern, where the most southern breeding populations in Europe migrate to wintering areas furthest to the south in Africa, while the northern populations winter to the north. The swifts concentrated in three major areas in sub-Saharan Africa during the non-breeding period, with substantial overlap for nearby breeding populations. We found that the southern breeding swifts were larger, raised more young, and arrived to the wintering areas with higher seasonal variation in greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI) earlier than the northern breeding swifts. This unusual chain migration pattern in common swifts is largely driven by differential annual timing and we suggest it evolves by prior occupancy and dominance by size in the breeding quarters and by prior occupancy combined with diffuse competition in the winter.
Evolution of chain migration in an aerial insectivorous bird, the common swift Apus apus
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Dataset: Cool birds: First evidence of energy-saving nocturnal torpor in free-living common swifts Apus apus resting in their nests
<p><a name="_Hlk94722524"></a><span>Daily torpor is a means of saving energy by controlled lowering of the metabolic rate (MR) during resting, usually coupled with a decrease in body temperature. We studied nocturnal daily torpor <span>under natural conditions</span> in free-living <span>common swifts <em>Apus apus</em> resting in their nests as a family using two non-invasive approaches. First, we monitored nest temperature (T<sub>nest</sub>) in up to 50 occupied nests per breeding season in 2010-2015. Drops in T<sub>nest</sub> were the first indication of torpor. Among </span></span><a name="_Hlk97457770"></a><span><span>16,673 </span></span><span><span>observations, we detected 423 events of substantial drops in T<sub>nest</sub> of on average 8.6°C. Second, we measured MR of the families inside nest boxes prepared for calorimetric measurements during cold periods in the breeding seasons of 2017 and 2018. We measured oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production using a mobile indirect respirometer and calculated the percentage reduction in MR. During six torpor events observed, MR was gradually reduced by on average 56% from the reference value followed by a decrease in T<sub>nest</sub> of on average 7.6 °C. In contrast, MR only decreased by about 33% on nights without torpor. Our field data gave an indication of daily torpor, which is used as a strategy for energy saving in free-living common swifts.</span></span></p>
Dataset: Cool birds: First evidence of energy-saving nocturnal torpor in free-living common swifts Apus apus resting in their nests
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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