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9 results for “Complexity Theory”
Datasets for: Generalizing Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory (1954) for Complex Atmospheric Turbulence, Stiperski and Calaf 2023, PRL
<p>Scaling variables for the generalized flux-variance scaling relations that include turbulence anisotropy. Dataset is a companion to the manuscript Stiperski, I., Calaf, M., 2023: Generalizing Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (1954) for complex atmospheric turbulence. Physical Review Letters, 130 (12), 124001, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.124001</p> <p>The dataset contains the turbulence statistics from 13 datasets: AHATS, Cabauw, CASES-99, METCRAX II campaign (NEAR and RIM towers), T-Rex campaign (Central tower - TRexC, West tower - TRexW) and i-Box measurement network (CCS-VF0 tower - i-Box0, CS-SF1 tower - i-Box1, CS-NF10 tower - i-Box10, CS-NF27 tower - i-Box27, CS-MT21 tower - i-BoxTop, im Hinteren Eis tower - imHint).</p> <p><br>Data are organized in csv files for each datasets and only contain high quality (for applied criteria see the Supplemental Material of the companion paper, https://journals.aps.org/prl/supplemental/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.124001) data with 30 min averaging for unstable stratification and 1 min for stable stratification. Since the data were used for scaling, there is no reference to time, but the measurement height is provided as an additional variable. </p> <p>Meaning of variables:</p> <p>zeta - z/L where z is height above ground and L is the local Obukhov length</p> <p>SigmaU - $\overline{u'u'}/u_*$ scaled standard deviation of streamwise velocity, where $u_*$ is the local friction velocity</p> <p>SigmaU - $\overline{v'v'}/u_*$ scaled standard deviation of spanwise velocity</p> <p>SigmaU - $\overline{v'v'}/u_*$ scaled standard deviation of surface-normal velocity</p> <p>SigmaT - $\overline{T'T'}/T_*$ scaled standard deviation of sonic temperature, where $T_*$ is the local temperature scale</p> <p>SigmaEpsU - scaled dissipation rate of the streamwise velocity</p> <p>SigmaEpsW - scaled dissipation rate of the surface-normal velocity </p>
A phenomenological law for complex granular materials from Mohr-Coulomb theory
<p>The compressed directory contains the data in .csv format used for the PCA analysis for each dataset (1, 2 and 3). </p>
A phenomenological law for complex granular materials from Mohr-Coulomb theory
<p>The compressed directory contains the data in .csv format used for the PCA analysis for each dataset (1, 2 and 3). </p>
A comparative analysis testing Werner's theory of complex life cycles
<p>A popular theoretical model for explaining the evolution of complex life cycles was provided by Earl Werner. The theory predicts the size at which an individual should switch stages to maximise growth rate relative to mortality rate across the life history. </p> <p>Werner's theory assumes that body size does not change during the transition from one phase to another (e.g. from larva to adult)—a key assumption that has not been tested systematically but could alter the predictions of the model. </p> <p>We quantified how growth rate and mass change across larval stages and metamorphosis for 105 species of fish, amphibians, insects, crustaceans and molluscs Across all taxonomic groups, we found support for Werner's assumption that growth rates are maintained or increase around transitions. We found that changes in growth and mass were greatest during metamorphosis, and change in growth correlated with development time. Importantly, most species either gained or lost mass when switching to a new stage—a direct contradiction of Werner's assumption. When we explored the consequences of energy loss and gain in a numerical model, we found that individuals should switch stages at a larger and smaller size, respectively, relative to what Werner's standard theory predicts.</p> <p>Our results suggest that while there is support for Werner's assumption regarding growth rates, mass changes profoundly alter the timing of transitions that are predicted to maximise fitness, and therefore the original model omits an important component that may contribute to the evolution of complex life cycles. Future studies should test for conditions that alter the costs of transitions, so that we can have a better understanding of how mass loss or gain affects fitness.</p>
A comparative analysis testing Werner's theory of complex life cycles
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Data from: Phenotypically plastic responses to environmental variation are more complex than life history theory predicts
<p>For insects that exhibit wing polyphenic development, abiotic and biotic signals dictate the adult wing morphology of the insect in an adaptive manner such that in stressful environments the formation of a flight-capable morph is favored and in low stress environments a flightless morph is favored. While there is a relatively large amount known about the environmental cues that dictate morph formation in wing polyphenic hemipterans like planthoppers and aphids, whether those cues dictate the same morphs in non-hemipteran (i.e. cricket) wing polyphenic species has not been explicitly investigated. To experimentally test the generality of environmental cue determination of wing polyphenism across taxa with diverse life histories, in this study we tested the importance of food quantity, parasitic infection, and tactile cues on wing morph determination in the wing polyphenic sand field cricket, <em>Gryllus firmus</em>. Our results also show that certain stress cues, such as severe diet quantity limitation and parasitic infection, actually led to an increase in the production of flightless morph. Based on these findings, our results suggest that physiological and genetic constraints are important to an organism's ability to respond to environmental variation in an adaptive manner beyond simple life history trade-offs.</p>
Complexity or complexities? A simulation study on lexical complexity in expert and learner texts through the lens of information theory
<p>Measures dataset for the work presented at LCR 2024 (the Learner Corpus Research Conference), held in Tartu on 26th-28th September 2024.</p>
Data from: Phenotypically plastic responses to environmental variation are more complex than life history theory predicts
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Fractal Dimension Complexity of Gravitation Fractals in Central Place Theory
<p>The datasets used in our paper.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.