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93 results for “Coral triangle”
Fig. 3 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 3. Anomuran crabs recorded from the western Fan-Zai-Aou Bay in northern Taiwan. (a) Allogalathea elegans (ò, ñ), (b) Galathea tanegashimae (ò, ñ), (c) Lauriea simulata (ñ), (d) Petrolisthes virgatus (ò, ñ), (e) Petrolisthes sp. (ñ). Scale bar represents 5 mm.
Fig. 1 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 1. Map of the sampling area (a) and locations (b) in northern Taiwan during the sampling period (April to August 2014).
Fig. 4 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 4. Brachyuran crabs recorded from the western Fan-Zai-Aou Bay in northern Taiwan. (a) Nucia sp. (ò), (b) Echinoecus pentagonus (ò, ñ), (c) Gonatonotus nasutus (ò), (d) Permanotus purpureus (ò, ñ), (e) Pilumnus sp. (ñ), (f) Domecia glabra (ò,ñ), (g) Domecia hispida (ò, ñ), (h) Tetralia aurantistellata (ò), (i) Tetralia cinctipes (ò, ñ), (j) Tetralia glaberrima (ò, ñ), (k) Tetralia nigrolineata (ò, ñ), (l) Tetralia rubridactyla (ò, ñ), (m) Tetraloides heterodactylus (ò, ñ), (n) Tetraloides nigrifrons (ò), (o) Tetraloides nigrifrons with darker color on carapace (ò, ñ), (p) Trapezia cymodoce (ò, ñ), (q) Trapezia digitalis (ò), (r) Trapezia lutea (ò, ñ), (s) Trapezia septata (ò, ñ), (t) Trapezia serenei (ò, ñ), (u) Chlorodiella laevissima (ò), (v) Chlorodiella nigra (ò, ñ), (w) Cymo melanodactylus (ò, ñ), (x) Hapalocarcinus marsupialis (ñ), (y) Utinomiella dimorpha (ò, ñ). Scale bar represents 5 mm.
Fig. 1 in Mesophotic mushroom coral records at Brunei Darussalam support westward extension of the Coral Triangle to the South China Sea waters of Northwest Borneo
Fig. 1. Map of N.W. Borneo region. White stars designate Fungiidae survey locations. MP = Mampak Patches and LR = Louisa Reef (this study); LL = Layang Layang atoll, KK = islands of the Tungku Abdul Rahman Park near Kota Kinabalu, K = Kudat area (from the literature). Dashed black line represents current western limit of the Coral Triangle (map modified from Google Earth image).
Fig. 6. A in The mushroom coral fauna (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) of Brunei Darussalam (South China Sea) and its relation to the Coral Triangle
Fig. 6. A, Ctenactis albitentaculata at Littledale Shoal, north; B, Ctenactis crassa at Otterspool Rock; C, Ctenactis echinata at Abana Rock, south; D, Herpolitha limax at Littledale Shoal, south; E, Sandalolitha dentata at Porter Patch; F, Sandalolitha robusta at Littledale Shoal, south; G, Podabacia crustacea at Pelong Rocks, south-southwest; H, Podabacia motuporensis at Two Fathom Rock.
Fig. 5. A in The mushroom coral fauna (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) of Brunei Darussalam (South China Sea) and its relation to the Coral Triangle
Fig. 5. A, Heliofungia actiniformis at Littledale Shoal, north; B, Polyphyllia talpina at Pelong Rocks, southwest; C, Pleuractis granulosa at Littledale Shoal, south; D, Pleuractis gravis at Littledale Shoal, south; E, Pleuractis moluccensis at Pelong Rocks, southwest; F, Pleuractis paumotensis at Abana Rock, south; G, Pleuractis taiwanensis at Pelong Rocks, north; H, Lobactis scutaria at Pelong Rocks, northeast.
Fig. 4. A in The mushroom coral fauna (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) of Brunei Darussalam (South China Sea) and its relation to the Coral Triangle
Fig. 4. A, Cycloseris explanulata at Porter Patch; B, Cycloseris wellsi at Abana Rock, north; C, Cycloseris mokai at Littledale Shoal, south; D, Lithophyllon scabra at Hornet Reef (Brunei Patches); E, Lithophyllon concinna at Abana Rock, south; F, Lithophyllon repanda at Abana Rock, north; G, Lithophyllon undulatum at Abana Rock, south; H, Halomitra pileus at Abana Rock, south; I, Danafungia horrida at Pelong Rocks, northeast; J, Danafungia scruposa at Pelong Rocks, southwest; K, Fungia fungites at Abana Rock, south.
Fig. 7. Zoopilus echinatus. A fragment with regenerated margins from Silk Rock, 10 m depth, 21 October 2008, Coll. L. Devantier. A in The mushroom coral fauna (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) of Brunei Darussalam (South China Sea) and its relation to the Coral Triangle
Fig. 7. Zoopilus echinatus. A fragment with regenerated margins from Silk Rock, 10 m depth, 21 October 2008, Coll. L. Devantier. A, upper surface; B, lower surface. Scale bar = 0.5 cm.
Fig. 2 in The mushroom coral fauna (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) of Brunei Darussalam (South China Sea) and its relation to the Coral Triangle
Fig. 2. Species richness estimators (Colwell, 2009) for Fungiidae recorded at 17 sites off Brunei. The curves indicate that the occurrence of one additional species is possible when the maximum number of observed species (S Obs = 32) is compared to the maximum expected numbers (ICE, Chao 2 = 33). Only two species (Uniques) are each represented by a single individual.
Fig. 3. A, B in The mushroom coral fauna (Scleractinia: Fungiidae) of Brunei Darussalam (South China Sea) and its relation to the Coral Triangle
Fig. 3. A, B, Cycloseris fragilis, complete coral at Hornet Reef (Brunei Patches), fragmenting coral at Abana Rock, north; C, Cycloseris sinensis, fragmenting coral at Abana Rock, north; D–F, Cycloseris cyclolites at Hornet Reef (Brunei Patches), complete coral, fragmenting coral upper and lower side; G, H, Cycloseris somervillei at Chearnley Shoal, upper and lower side of a coral; I, Cycloseris costulata at Pelong Rocks, northeast; J, Cycloseris tenuis at Hornet Reef (Brunei Patches); K, Cycloseris vaughani at Colombo Reef (Champion Shoal).
Data from: Evidence of host-associated divergence from coral-eating snails (genus Coralliophila) in the Coral Triangle
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Data from: Accumulation curves of environmental DNA sequences predict coastal fish diversity in the Coral Triangle
Environmental DNA (eDNA) has the potential to provide more comprehensive biodiversity assessments particularly for vertebrates in species-rich regions. Yet, this method requires the completeness of a reference database, i.e. a list of DNA sequences attached to each species, which is never met. As an alternative, a diversity of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) can be extracted from eDNA metabarcoding. However, the extent to which the diversity of OTUs provided by a limited eDNA sampling effort can predict regional species diversity is unknown. Here, by modelling OTU accumulation curves of eDNA seawater samples across the Coral Triangle, we obtained an asymptote reaching 1,531 fish OTUs while 1,611 fish species are recorded in the region. Besides, we also accurately predict (R² = 0.92) the distribution of species richness among fish families from OTU-based asymptotes. Thus, the multi-model framework of OTU accumulation curves extends the use of eDNA metabarcoding in ecology, biogeography and conservation.
Fig. 2 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 2. Number (a) and proportion (b) of symbiont identified in the investigation area.
Fig. 5 in Anomuran and Brachyuran Symbiotic Crabs in Coastal Areas between the Southern Ryukyu arc and the Coral Triangle
Fig. 5. Brachyuran crab Trapezia septata living with the host coral Acropora hyacinthus.
Fig. 2 in Mesophotic mushroom coral records at Brunei Darussalam support westward extension of the Coral Triangle to the South China Sea waters of Northwest Borneo
Fig. 2. View of the benthic community at the top of Mampak Patches, Brunei Darussalam (32 m deep).
Data from: Accumulation curves of environmental DNA sequences predict coastal fish diversity in the Coral Triangle
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Data from: Mitochondrial haplotypes indicate parapatric-like phylogeographic structure in blue-spotted maskray (Neotrygon kuhlii) from the Coral Triangle region
Phylogeographic structure was investigated in the blue-spotted maskray, Neotrygon kuhlii, focusing on the Coral Triangle region. We used as genetic marker a 519-bp fragment of the cytochrome c-oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, sequenced in a total of 147 individuals from 26 sampling locations. The parsimony network of COI haplotypes was split into seven distinct clades within the Coral Triangle region. Different clades had exclusive but contiguous geographic distributions, indicating parapatric-like phylogeographic structure. Strong genetic differences were also inferred between local populations within a clade, where reciprocal monophyly between geographically adjacent samples was observed on several instances. Nearly 25% of the total molecular variance could be ascribed to differences between geographic samples within a clade, whereas interclade variation accounted for >65% of the total variance. The strong phylogeographic structure observed within a clade can be explained by either sedentarity or female philopatry. We interpret the parapatric distribution of clades as the joint result of 1) expansion from refuge populations at times of low sea level, and 2) possible enhanced competition between individuals from different clades, or assortative mating, or hybrid zones, along lines of secondary contact. The parapatric-like structure uncovered in the present study parallels regional differences at nuclear marker loci, thus pointing to incipient speciation within Coral Triangle N. kuhlii.
Data from: Beyond the Coral Triangle: high genetic diversity and near panmixia in Singapore's populations of the broadcast spawning sea star Protoreaster nodosus
The Coral Triangle is widely considered the most important centre of marine biodiversity in Asia while areas on its periphery such as the South China Sea, have received much less interest. Here, we demonstrate that a small population of the knobbly sea star Protoreaster nodosus in Singapore has similarly high levels of genetic diversity as comparable Indonesian populations from the Coral Triangle. The high genetic diversity of this population is remarkable because it is maintained despite decades of continued anthropogenic disturbance. We postulate that it is probably due to broadcast spawning which is likely to maintain high levels of population connectivity. To test this, we analysed 6140 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for Singapore's populations and demonstrate a pattern of near panmixia. We here document a second case of high genetic diversity and low genetic structure for a broadcast spawner in Singapore, which suggests that such species have high resilience against anthropogenic disturbances. The study demonstrates the feasibility and power of using genome-wide SNPs for connectivity studies of marine invertebrates without a sequenced genome.
Data from: Multi-locus sequence data reveal a new species of coral reef goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Eviota), and evidence of Pliocene vicariance across the Coral Triangle
Here, multi-locus sequence data are coupled with observations of live colouration to recognize a new species, Eviota punyit from the Coral Triangle, Indian Ocean and Red Sea. Relaxed molecular clock divergence time estimation indicates a Pliocene origin for the new species, and the current distribution of the new species and its sister species Eviota sebreei supports a scenario of vicariance across the Indo-Pacific Barrier, followed by subsequent range expansion and overlap in the Coral Triangle. These results are consistent with the 'centre of overlap' hypothesis, which states that the increased diversity in the Coral Triangle is due in part to the overlapping ranges of Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean faunas. These findings are discussed in the context of other geminate pairs of coral reef fishes separated by the Indo-Pacific Barrier.
FIGURE 3 in Grammatonotus brianne, a new callanthiid fish from Philippine waters, with short accounts of two other Grammatonotus from the Coral Triangle
FIGURE 3. Grammatonotus roseus. Kai Islands, Indonesia; lectotype of Heliastes roseus (= Grammatonotus roseus); BMNH 1879.5.14.10, 64.6 mm SL. Photograph by James Maclaine.
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OpenNeuro
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