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6 results for “Cynomys ludovicianus”
Fig. 1 in Evaluating the use of a low dose fipronil bait in reducing black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) fleas at reduced application rates
Fig. 1. Flea prevalence (0.0–1.0) during pre-treatment and post-treatment for (A) captured black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus); and (B) active burrows. Vertical bars indicate the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
Associated data for: Disease and weather induce rapid shifts in a rangeland ecosystem mediated by a keystone species (Cynomys ludovicianus)
<p><span>Habitat loss and changing climate have direct impacts on native species but can also interact with disease pathogens to influence wildlife communities. In the North American Great Plains, black-tailed prairie dogs (<em>Cynomys ludovicianus</em>) are a keystone species that create important grassland habitat for numerous species and serve as prey for predators, but lethal control driven by agricultural conflict has severely reduced their abundance. Novel disease dynamics caused by epizootic plague (<em>Yersinia pestis</em>) within prairie dog colonies have further reduced prairie dog abundances, in turn destabilizing associated wildlife communities. We capitalized on a natural experiment </span><span>—</span><span> collecting data on prairie dog distributions, vegetation structure, avian abundance, and mesocarnivore and ungulate occupancy before (2015–2017) and after (2018–2019) a plague event in northeastern Wyoming, USA. Plague decimated black-tailed prairie dog populations in what was then the largest extant colony complex, reducing colony cover in the focal area from over 10,000 ha to less than 50 ha. We documented dramatic declines in mesocarnivore occupancy and raptor abundance post-plague, with probability of occupancy or abundance approaching zero in species that rely on prairie dogs for a high proportion of their diet (e.g., ferruginous hawk [<em>Buteo regalis</em>], American badger [<em>Taxidea taxus</em>], and swift fox [<em>Vulpes velox</em>]). Following the plague outbreak, abnormally high precipitation in 2018 hastened vegetation recovery from prairie dog disturbance on colonies where constant herbivory had formerly maintained shortgrass structure necessary for certain colony-associates. As a result, we observed large shifts in avian communities on former prairie dog colonies, including near-disappearance of mountain plovers (<em>Charadrius montanus</em>) and increases in mid-grass associated songbirds (e.g., lark bunting [<em>Calamospiza melanocorys</em>]). Our research highlights how precipitation can interact with disease-induced loss of a keystone species to induce drastic and rapid shifts in wildlife communities. Although grassland taxa co-evolved with high spatiotemporal variation, fragmentation of remaining North American rangelands paired with higher-than-historical variability in climate and disease dynamics are likely to destabilize these systems in the future. </span></p>
Post-translocation dynamics of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): A successful conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation tool
<p>Prairie dogs have declined by 98% throughout their range in the grasslands of North America. Translocations have been used as a conservation tool to reestablish colonies of this keystone species and to mitigate human-wildlife conflict. Understanding the behavioral responses of prairie dogs to translocation is of utmost importance to enhance the persistence of the species and for species that depend on them, including the critically endangered black-footed ferret. In 2017 and 2018, we translocated 658 black-tailed prairie dogs on the Lower Brule Indian Reservation in central South Dakota, USA, a black-footed ferret recovery site. Here, we describe and evaluate the effectiveness of translocating prairie dogs into augered burrows and soft released within presumed coteries to reestablish colonies in previously occupied habitat. We released prairie dogs implanted with passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) and conducted recapture events approximately 1-month and 1-year post-release. We hypothesized that these methods would result in a successful translocation and that prairie dogs released as coteries would remain close to where they were released because of their highly social structure. In support of these methods leading to a successful translocation, 69% of marked individuals were captured 1-month post-release, and 39% were captured 1-year post-release. Furthermore, considerable recruitment was observed with 495 unmarked juveniles captured during the 1-year post-release trapping event, and the reestablished colony had more than doubled in area by 2021. Contrary to our hypothesis, yet to our knowledge a novel finding, there was greater initial movement within the colony 1-month post-release than expected based on recapture locations compared to published average territory size; however, 1-year after release most recaptured individuals were captured within the expected territory size when compared to capture locations 1-month post-release. This research demonstrates that while translocating prairie dogs may be socially disruptive initially, it is an important conservation tool.</p>
Post-translocation dynamics of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): A successful conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation tool
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Associated data for: Disease and weather induce rapid shifts in a rangeland ecosystem mediated by a keystone species (Cynomys ludovicianus)
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On following pages: 245. Gray Marmot (Marmota baibacina); 246. Long-tailed Marmot (Marmota caudata); 247. Marmot (Marmota camtschatica); 250. Tarbagan Marmot (Marmota sibirica); 251. Alaska Marmot (Marmota broweri (Marmota flaviventen: 255. Vancouver Island Marmot (Marmota vancouverensis); 256. Olympic Marmot (Marmota leucurus): 259. Utah Prairie Dog (Cynomys parvidens); 260. Gunnison''s Prairie Dog (Cynomys gunnisoni); 261. Mexican Menzbier's Marmot (Marmota menzbieri); 248. Himalayan Marmot (Marmota himalayana); 249. Black-capped); 252. Hoary Marmot (Marmota caligata); 253. Woodchuck (Marmota monax); 254. Yellow-bellied Marmot olympus); 257. Black-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus); 258. White-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys Prairie Dog (Cynomys mexicanus). in Sciuridae
On following pages: 245. Gray Marmot (Marmota baibacina); 246. Long-tailed Marmot (Marmota caudata); 247. Marmot (Marmota camtschatica); 250. Tarbagan Marmot (Marmota sibirica); 251. Alaska Marmot (Marmota broweri (Marmota flaviventen: 255. Vancouver Island Marmot (Marmota vancouverensis); 256. Olympic Marmot (Marmota leucurus): 259. Utah Prairie Dog (Cynomys parvidens); 260. Gunnison''s Prairie Dog (Cynomys gunnisoni); 261. Mexican Menzbier's Marmot (Marmota menzbieri); 248. Himalayan Marmot (Marmota himalayana); 249. Black-capped); 252. Hoary Marmot (Marmota caligata); 253. Woodchuck (Marmota monax); 254. Yellow-bellied Marmot olympus); 257. Black-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys ludovicianus); 258. White-tailed Prairie Dog (Cynomys Prairie Dog (Cynomys mexicanus).
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