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48 results for “Dental microwear”
FIGURE 1 in Feeding strategies of circum-Mediterranean hipparionins during the late Miocene: Exploring dietary preferences related to size through dental microwear analysis
FIGURE 1. Geographic distribution of the localities from western Mediterranean (circles), Balkans (stars), and western Anatolian (squares) basins. Dashed contours depicting the areas with Vallesian localities sampled. 1. Vallès-Penedès Basin (Santiga, Can Llobateres, Can Poncic); 2. Teruel Basin (Concud, El Arquillo); 3. Cabriel Basin (Venta del Moro); 4. Axios Valley (Pentalophos, Ravin de la Pluie, Ravin des Zouaves-5 and Dytiko sites); 5. Thessaly (Perivolaki); 6. Mesta Valley (Hadjidimovo); 7. Chalkidiki Peninsula (Nikiti-1 and Nikiti-2); 8. Biga Peninsula (Gülpınar); 9. Muğla Yatağan Basin (Şerefköy-2); 10. Samos Island (Mytilinii-A, Mytilinii-B).
FIGURE 4 in Feeding strategies of circum-Mediterranean hipparionins during the late Miocene: Exploring dietary preferences related to size through dental microwear analysis
FIGURE 4. Mean values and confidence intervals (2x standard error of the mean) of the microwear Principal Component 1 for each hipparionin group. Dashed lines used for small-sized groups and continuous for large-sized. Grey color represents Vallesian hipparionins and black color the Turolian hipparionins.
FIGURE 3 in Feeding strategies of circum-Mediterranean hipparionins during the late Miocene: Exploring dietary preferences related to size through dental microwear analysis
FIGURE 3. Bar charts with the mean and the standard error of the mean of the four DMT parameters for each hipparionin group. Small-sized forms shown in light grey, larger ones in dark grey. A: Asfc. B: epLsar. C: HAsfc. D: Tfv
FIGURE 2 in Feeding strategies of circum-Mediterranean hipparionins during the late Miocene: Exploring dietary preferences related to size through dental microwear analysis
FIGURE 2. Bivariate plot showing the mean and the standard error of the mean for the complexity (Asfc) and anisotropy (epLsar) variables. The symbol type (circle/square) represents the region, the filling of the symbol differentiates between hipparionin size types, and the color if they are from Vallesian (grey) or Turolian (black) assemblages. Extant wild Equus africanus asinus (A) and Equus quagga burchelli (B) are included for comparison.
FIGURE 7 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 7. Percentages of specimens above anisotropy (epLsar> 0.005) or complexity (Asfc> 2) cutpoints by species, facet, and preparation type. Triangles: living rhinoceros' species; circles: Béon 1 fossil rhinocerotids; size proportional to the number of specimens.
FIGURE 8 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 8. Barplots of mesowear scores on permanent teeth by method (ScoreA, ScoreB, Ruler) and by species. A- ScoreA: mesowear score based on Winkler and Kaiser (2011); B- ScoreB: mesowear score adapted from Fortelius and Solounias (2000); C- Ruler: mesowear score based on Mihlbachler et al. (2011). Only one tooth per specimen was considered.
FIGURE 1 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 1. Location map of Béon 1 locality, Montréal-du-Gers (MN4; mid-Orleanian, late early Miocene, south western France). The locality of Béon 1 is located (red circle) on the map of France (upper left corner) and on the zoom of south western France. Main cities (grey circles; bold) and rivers are indicated on the zoomed map. Dashed line represents the Spain-France frontier. Modified from Antoine and Duranthon (1997).
FIGURE 5 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 5. Comparison of the DMTA patterns by species, facet and preparation type. Upper graphs: hand-prepared specimens; lower graphs: sand-prepared specimens. Left graphs: grinding facet; right graphs: shearing facet. Boxplots of anisotropy and complexity were plotted along with the dotplots to facilitate graph interpretation.
Fig. 2 in Dietary ecology of the extinct cave bear: Evidence of omnivory as inferred from dental microwear textures
Fig. 2. Bivariate plot of complexity (Asfc) and anisotropy (epLsar) of extant ursids and Ursus spelaeus.
Fig. 1 in Dietary ecology of the extinct cave bear: Evidence of omnivory as inferred from dental microwear textures
Fig. 1. Meshed axonometrics of digital elevation models showing microwear features. Examples include Ursus americanus (A), black bear (SBMNH 1381, modern specimen from California); Ursus arctos (B), brown bear (LACM 31256, modern specimen from Alaska), and Ursus spelaeus (C), cave bear (AMNH 11100, Pleistocene fossil specimen from Germany).
Fig. 2 in A dental microwear texture analysis of the Mio-Pliocene hyaenids from Langebaanweg, South Africa
Fig. 2. Photosimulations of fossil hyaena microwear surfaces generated from point clouds. A. Hyaenictitherium namaquensis (Stromer, 1931), SAM−PQL 12848. B. Hyaenictis hendeyi (Werdelin, Turner, and Solounias, 1994), SAM−PQL 20990. C. Ikelohyaena abronia (Hendey, 1974), SAM−PQL 22202L. D. Chasmaporthetes australis (Hendey, 1974), SAM−PQL 22204. Each represents a field of view of 276 µm × 204 µm.
Fig. 3 in A dental microwear texture analysis of the Mio-Pliocene hyaenids from Langebaanweg, South Africa
Fig. 3. Bivariate plot of fossil and extant feliform anisotropy and complexity. The lines on the graphs connect specimens with minimum and maximum values for each taxon, and indicate the ranges of variation for these attributes. The data for the extant species are from Schubert et al. (2010).
Fig. 1 in A dental microwear texture analysis of the Mio-Pliocene hyaenids from Langebaanweg, South Africa
Fig. 1. Biochronology of species discussed in the text (based upon Werdelin and Solounias 1991; Turner et al. 2008). Asterisks refer to the genera analysed in this study. MN, Mammal Neogene Zone.
Fig. 2 in Dental microwear of a Late Triassic dinosauriform, Silesaurus opolensis
Fig. 2. Non-facet microwear of teeth from the left lower jaw (ZPAL Ab III 361/27) of Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Upper Triassic; Krasiejów, Poland. Mesial (left), middle and distal (right) teeth have 8, 13, and 8 SEM sites, respectively, shown as open rectangles in the figure, in which scratch angles were measured. The rose diagram located in the middle of each SEM site represents scratch orientations in the site. The black arrow represents a mean vector orientation of each rose diagram. The rose diagram at the base of each tooth represents the scratch orientation of the whole tooth. We could not lay each SEM site horizontal for observation to eliminate effects of mold curvature. Nevertheless, it is clear that scratches are basically oriented in the apico-basal direction for all teeth.
Fig. 1 in Dental microwear of a Late Triassic dinosauriform, Silesaurus opolensis
Fig. 1. Microwear on the wear facet of the tooth from the left maxilla (ZPAL Ab III/1218) Silesaurus opolensis Dzik, 2003 from the Upper Triassic; Krasiejów, Poland. A. Lingual view of left maxilla; the tooth in the dashed-lined box preserves microwear features on its wear facet. B. SEM image of the mold of the tooth; the wear facet at the crown apex (dashed-lined rectangle) is magnified. C. SEM image of the impression of the entire wear facet. SEM images taken at 300× magnification were combined to compose this image. Note that the disto-labial region enclosed by a dashed-lined rectangle is more densely scratched than the rest of the wear facet. D. Rose diagram of scratch orientations of the whole wear facet. An open arrow indicates the orientation of the mean vector of the scratches (n = 176). E. Rose diagram of scratch orientations of the disto-labial region, the area enclosed by the dashed-lined rectangle in C. An open arrow indicates the orientation of the mean vector of the scratches (n = 73). The diagram shows that scratches are more aligned in this area than in the wear facet as a whole.
Fig. 3 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus
Fig. 3. Shape differentiation of the mandible on the first two axes of the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) performed on Fourier coefficients of the mandibles. Outlines are reconstructed on the first two canonical axes, the light grey outline represents the maximum values of the axes, and the dark grey outline corresponds to extreme reconstruction.
Fig. 4 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus
Fig. 4. Plot of the discriminant analysis of the shape coordinates (the first twelve PCS, i.e., 98% of the interspecific shape variance) versus geographic range.
Fig. 1 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus
Fig. 1. Zygomasseteric construction in Balearic dormice. A. Skull of extant Eliomys quercinus ophiusae (MNHN1983−832) in lateral (A1) and anterior (A2) views. B. Skull of Hypnomys morpheus in lateral (B1) and anterior (B2) views. Arrows show the origin and the insertion of the lateral portions of the masseter. The skull of Hypnomys morpheus (B) corresponds to a reconstruction. Eliomys and Hypnomys are represented at the same scale. The map summarizes the evolutionary history of Balearic glirids—Hypnomys is a lineage derived from an Eliomys species isolated by the sea level rise that followed the Messinian salinity crisis, then Eliomys quercinus ophiusae followed the first human colonization (dashed arrow represents a hypothetical pathway of colonization).
Fig. 5 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus
Fig. 5. Allometric relationship between the size (estimated from the square root of outline area) and the main shape signal (scores on the first principal components). The dashed line represents the linear regression between both variables for all extant glirids.
Fig. 6 in Mandible morphometrics, dental microwear pattern, and palaeobiology of the extinct Balearic Dormouse Hypnomys morpheus
Fig. 6. Digitized photographs of the protoconid of the second molars. A. Eliomys quercinus ophiusae (IMEDEA 7357), Formentera, Balearic Islands; extant specimen. B. Hypnomys morpheus (IMEDEA 63839), Cova Estreta, Pollença, Mallorca, Holocene. Note the higher number of fine scratches in Hypnomys.
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