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51 results for “Disjunct populations”
Genomic variation in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens) suggests divergence in a disjunct Atlantic Coastal Plain population (S. v. waynei)
<p>We used whole-genome resequencing to estimate genetic distinctiveness in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens)—including S. v. waynei—a putative subspecies that occupies a narrow disjunct breeding range along the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Despite detecting low-global differentiation (FST = 0.027) across the entire species, the principal components analysis of genome-wide differences shows the main axis of variation separates S. v. waynei from all other S. v. virens samples. We also estimated a low-migration rate for S. v. waynei, but found them to be most similar to another disjunct population from the Piedmont of North Carolina, and detected evidence of a historical north-to-south geographic dispersal among the entire species. New World wood warblers (family: Parulidae) can exhibit strong phenotypic differences among species, particularly, in song and plumage; however, within-species variation in these warblers—often designated as subspecies—is much more subtle. The existence of several isolated Black-throated Green Warbler populations across its eastern North American breeding range offers an excellent opportunity to further understand the origin, maintenance, and conservation status of subspecific populations. Our results, combined with previously documented ecological and morphological distinctiveness, support that S. v. waynei be considered a distinct and recognized subspecies worthy of targeted conservation efforts.</p>
Figure 3. Lasioglossum semicaeruleum. a in Lasioglossum (Dialictus) semicaeruleum (Cockerell, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) in Maryland: A disjunct population in eastern North America?
Figure 3. Lasioglossum semicaeruleum. a) Head, frontal view. b) Habitus, lateral view. c). Habitus, dorsal view. d) Metapostnotum, showing distinctive strongly anastomosing rugae (Gibbs 2010). USGS_DRO141684, female, Wittman, Talbot County, Maryland, 1–4 September 2007, collected by Warren E. Steiner, Jr. and Jil M. Swearingen. Photographed by Samuel W. Droege.
Figure 1 in Lasioglossum (Dialictus) semicaeruleum (Cockerell, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) in Maryland: A disjunct population in eastern North America?
Figure 1. North American states (United States and Mexico) and provinces (Canada) with known specimen records of Lasioglossum semicaeruleum (Gibbs 2010; Ascher and Pickering 2022; GBIF 2022). Created with SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010).
Figure 2 in Lasioglossum (Dialictus) semicaeruleum (Cockerell, 1895) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) in Maryland: A disjunct population in eastern North America?
Figure 2. Maryland specimen records of Lasioglossum semicaeruleum. Left to right: USGS_DRO029678 (Bowie, Prince George's County), USGS_DRO556278 (Poplar Island, Talbot County), and USGS_DRO141684 (Wittman, Talbot County). Created with SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010).
Genomic variation in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens) suggests divergence in a disjunct Atlantic Coastal Plain population (S. v. waynei)
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Genetic data and niche differences suggest that disjunct populations of Diglossa brunneiventris are not sister lineages
<p>Disjunct distributions within a species are of great interest in systematics and biogeography. This separation can function as a barrier to gene flow when the distance among populations exceeds the dispersal capacity of individuals, and depending on the duration of the barrier, it may eventually lead to speciation. Here we describe patterns of geographic differentiation of two disjunct populations of <em>Diglossa brunneiventris</em> separated by approximately 1000 km along the Andes. <em>Diglossa brunneiventris vuilleumieri </em>is isolated in northern Colombia, while <em>Diglossa brunneiventris brunneiventris</em> has a seemingly continuous distribution across Peru, Bolivia, and Chile. We sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear DNA of the two <em>Diglossa brunneiventris</em> subspecies to evaluate whether they form a monophyletic clade, while including the other three species within the carbonaria complex (<em>D. gloriosa</em>, <em>D. humeralis</em> and <em>D. carbonaria</em>). We also constructed ecological niche models for each <em>Diglossa brunneiventris </em>subspecies to compare their climatic niches. We found that when using all available molecular data, the two <em>D. brunneiventris</em> subspecies are not sister lineages. In fact, each subspecies is more closely related to other species in the carbonaria complex. Our niche modeling analyses showed that the subspecies are occupying almost entirely different climatic niches. An additional, and not expected result was that the carbonaria complex might encompass more cryptic species than previously considered. We suggest reevaluating the taxonomic status of these brunneiventris populations, especially the northern subspecies, given its highly restricted range and potential threatened status.</p>
Data from: Ecological history of a long-lived conifer in a disjunct population
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Genetic data and niche differences suggest that disjunct populations of Diglossa brunneiventris are not sister lineages
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Data from: Divergent selection and local adaptation in disjunct populations of an endangered conifer, Keteleeria davidiana var. formosana (Pinaceae)
The present study investigated the genetic diversity, population structure, FST outliers, and extent and pattern of linkage disequilibrium in five populations of Keteleeria davidiana var. formosana, which is listed as a critically endangered species by the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan. Twelve amplified fragment length polymorphism primer pairs generated a total of 465 markers, of which 83.74% on average were polymorphic across populations, with a mean Nei's genetic diversity of 0.233 and a low level of genetic differentiation (approximately 6%) based on the total dataset. Linkage disequilibrium and HICKORY analyses suggested recent population bottlenecks and inbreeding in K. davidiana var. formosana. Both STRUCTURE and BAPS observed extensive admixture of individual genotypes among populations based on the total dataset in various clustering scenarios, which probably resulted from incomplete lineage sorting of ancestral variation rather than a high rate of recent gene flow. Our results based on outlier analysis revealed generally high levels of genetic differentiation and suggest that divergent selection arising from environmental variation has been driven by differences in temperature, precipitation, and humidity. Identification of ecologically associated outliers among environmentally disparate populations further support divergent selection and potential local adaptation.
FIGURE 4 in Pelopscreadium aegyptense n. gen., n. sp. and Pelopscreadium spongiosum (Bray & Cribb, 1998) n. comb., (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae), each from disjunct populations of the Yellow boxfish, Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus (Ostraciidae)
FIGURE 4. Comparison of the male terminal genitalia of Pelopscreadium aegyptense n. sp. (left side) vs Pelopscreadium spongiosum n. gen., n. comb. (right side). Illustration of P. spongiosum n. gen., n. comb. was adapted from figure 20 of Bray & Cribb (1998). Abbreviations: E, external seminal vesicle; ED, ejaculatory duct; G, genital pore; I, internal seminal vesicle; PARS, pars prostatica; U, uterus.
FIGURES 1–3. Pelopscreadium aegyptense n in Pelopscreadium aegyptense n. gen., n. sp. and Pelopscreadium spongiosum (Bray & Cribb, 1998) n. comb., (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae), each from disjunct populations of the Yellow boxfish, Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus (Ostraciidae)
FIGURES 1–3. Pelopscreadium aegyptense n. sp. (Lepocreadiidae) from the yellow boxfish, Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus (Ostraciidae), from the Red Sea off Egypt. 1. Adult specimen, ventral view. 2. Pharynx, lateral view. 3. Details of the female genital complex, ventral view. Abbreviations: C, ceca; D, oviduct; DL, distinct, well-differentiated pre-oral layer; E, external seminal vesicle; G, genital pore; I, internal seminal vesicle; O, ovary; OS, esophagus; OT, oötype; P, sponge-like pelops ("shoulder pads"); PP, prepharynx; R, seminal receptacle; T, testis; U, uterus; V, vitelline follicles; VD, vitelline ducts.
Distribution. Restricted to three disjunct populations in SE Senegal, N Guinea, and SW Mali, and perhaps E Guinea-Bissau; N Cameroon, SW Chad, and maybe E & C Nigeria; and Central African Republic, SE Chad, SW Sudan, and maybe NE DR Congo and NW Uganda. in Bovidae
Distribution. Restricted to three disjunct populations in SE Senegal, N Guinea, and SW Mali, and perhaps E Guinea-Bissau; N Cameroon, SW Chad, and maybe E & C Nigeria; and Central African Republic, SE Chad, SW Sudan, and maybe NE DR Congo and NW Uganda.
Distribution. Two disjunct areas across the lowland rainforest belt of W Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo & Benin) and C Africa through the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Central African Republic & extreme SW Sudan), and five very small disjunct populations in mountainous areas in C Kenya. in Bovidae
Distribution. Two disjunct areas across the lowland rainforest belt of W Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo & Benin) and C Africa through the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Central African Republic & extreme SW Sudan), and five very small disjunct populations in mountainous areas in C Kenya.
Distribution. Malayan Tapirs occur in two disjunct and isolated populations, one on mainland SE Asia in peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, and Myanmar, and the other in the S & C Sumatra, in Indonesia. in Tapiridae
Distribution. Malayan Tapirs occur in two disjunct and isolated populations, one on mainland SE Asia in peninsular Malaysia, Thailand, and Myanmar, and the other in the S & C Sumatra, in Indonesia.
Distribution. Endemic to Chile, with a disjunct distribution in the forests of Chiloé Island, and on the mainland coastal mountains in Nahuelbuta National Park. Evidence of a new population was foud recently at Punta Chan Chan, N of Valdivia. in Canidae
Distribution. Endemic to Chile, with a disjunct distribution in the forests of Chiloé Island, and on the mainland coastal mountains in Nahuelbuta National Park. Evidence of a new population was foud recently at Punta Chan Chan, N of Valdivia.
Distribution. Disjunct populations in W & S Colombia, E Venezuela, the Guianas, NE & C Peru, N, SE & S Brazil (Para, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Rio Grande do Sul), and NE Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes). in Molossidae
Distribution. Disjunct populations in W & S Colombia, E Venezuela, the Guianas, NE & C Peru, N, SE & S Brazil (Para, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Rio Grande do Sul), and NE Argentina (Misiones and Corrientes).
Distribution. Found only in Australia, with known populations in disjunct areas of N Westem Australia, N Northern Territory, and NE Queensland; also on a number of offshore including Koolan, Milingimbi, Elcho, Groote Eylandt, and Pellew. in Megadermatidae
Distribution. Found only in Australia, with known populations in disjunct areas of N Westem Australia, N Northern Territory, and NE Queensland; also on a number of offshore including Koolan, Milingimbi, Elcho, Groote Eylandt, and Pellew.
Distribution. Found in lowland rainforest regions of W & C Africa, including S Nigeria (perhaps one population remaining that may be an intermediate form), S & C Cameroon, S Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea (extinct on Bioko I), Sao Tomé and Principe Is, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, C & N DR Congo, W & C Angola (two disjunct populations). in Bovidae
Distribution. Found in lowland rainforest regions of W & C Africa, including S Nigeria (perhaps one population remaining that may be an intermediate form), S & C Cameroon, S Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea (extinct on Bioko I), Sao Tomé and Principe Is, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, C & N DR Congo, W & C Angola (two disjunct populations).
Distribution. Two disjunct areas across the lowland rainforest belt of W Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo & Benin) and C Africa through the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Central African Republic & extreme SW Sudan), and five very small disjunct populations in mountainous areas in C Kenya. in Bovidae
Distribution. Two disjunct areas across the lowland rainforest belt of W Africa (Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo & Benin) and C Africa through the Congo Basin (Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, DR Congo, Central African Republic & extreme SW Sudan), and five very small disjunct populations in mountainous areas in C Kenya.
Distribution. Restricted to arid areas of inland Australia S of Tropic of Capricorn, in SW Western Australia, S Northern Territory, South Australia, SW Queensland, W New South Wales, and NW Victoria; distribution is disjunct, with Western Australian population isolated from C & E population by treeless areas of Nullarbor Plain. in Molossidae
Distribution. Restricted to arid areas of inland Australia S of Tropic of Capricorn, in SW Western Australia, S Northern Territory, South Australia, SW Queensland, W New South Wales, and NW Victoria; distribution is disjunct, with Western Australian population isolated from C & E population by treeless areas of Nullarbor Plain.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.