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92 results for “Drosophila suzukii”
Data from: Species distribution models of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii, Diptera: Drosophilidae) in its native and invasive range reveal an ecological niche shift
<p>The Spotted Wing Drosophila (<em>Drosophila</em> <em>suzukii</em>) is native to Southeast Asia. Since its first detection in 2008 in Europe and North America, it has been a pest to the fruit production industry as it feeds and oviposits on ripening fruit. Here we aim to model the potential geographical distribution of <em>D. suzukii</em>. We performed an extensive literature review to map the current records. In total, 517 documented occurrences (96 native and 421 invasive) were identified spanning 52 countries. Next, we constructed three species distribution models (SDMs) based on occurrence records in: 1) the native range (SDMnative), 2) the invasive range in Europe (SDMEurope) and 3) a global model of all records (SDMglobal). The models aimed to investigate, whether this species will be able to occupy additional ecological niches beyond its native range and expand its current geographic distribution both globally and in Europe. The SDMs were generated using Maximum Entropy algorithms (Maxent) based on present occurrence records and bioclimatic variables (WorldClim). Predictions of habitat suitability vary greatly depending on the origins of occurrence records. According to all models, precipitation and low temperatures were key limiting factors for the distribution of <em>D. suzukii</em>, which suggests that this species requires a humid environment with mild winters in order to establish a permanent population in its invasive range. Several regions in the invasive range, not presently occupied by this species, were predicted highly suitable, especially in northern Europe, suggesting that <em>D. suzukii</em> is not occupying its full fundamental niche yet. Synthesis and applications. Based on these models of potential geographic distribution of the Spotted Wing Drosophila (<em>Drosophila</em> <em>suzukii</em>), we show a shift in the ecological niche in <em>D. suzukii</em> populations, emphasizing the importance of using presence and local environmental data. Further investigation regarding new occurrences is recommended to secure optimal pest management. Despite a continuing expansion, many countries still lack proper surveillance schemes, and we urge policymakers to initiate appropriate management programs.</p>
Fig. 2 in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) arrives at Minas Gerais State, a main strawberry production region in Brazil
Fig. 2. Damaged strawberry in the field with drosophilid flies including a Drosophila suzukii male (inlet) with its characteristic wing black dots (arrows) and 2 adults of Zaprionus indianus (white circles), scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig. 1 in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) arrives at Minas Gerais State, a main strawberry production region in Brazil
Fig. 1. Drosophila suzukii adult female collected at Minas Gerais State, Brazil. (A) Female on a strawberry fruit in the field, scale bar = 3 mm; (B) D. suzukii egg laid inside the fruit (white box), scale bar = 5 mm; (C) oviposition hole (white circle) with the egg's spiracles (black arrow) coming out. The egg laid beneath the fruit epidermis is delimited by a white ellipse, scale bar = 500 μm; (D) the female from image A viewed under microscope, scale bar = 500 μm; and (E) the female characteristic, serrated ovipositor, scale bar = 200 μm.
Fig. 3 in Novel aspects of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) biology and an improved method for culturing this invasive species with a modified D. melanogaster diet
Fig. 3. Effect of triethylamine anesthetic exposure on the recovery of Drosophila adults: D. melanogaster (white circles, n = 181 adults), D. suzukii (black circles, n = 175 adults).
Fig. 2 in Novel aspects of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) biology and an improved method for culturing this invasive species with a modified D. melanogaster diet
Fig. 2. Effects of dietary ethanol (normal environmental ethanol range ≈ 0– 9% ethanol) on Drosophila suzukii survival when compared with D. melanogaster tolerance to ethanol (top graph) and sex-specific sensitivities of D. suzukii adults to ethanol (bottom graph). Summary of probit analyses are provided and statistics with bo = intercept estimate, b1 = estimated slope estimate for each fly species, with b1 = 0 for the baseline control in each graph (D. suzukii [top graph], D. suzukii males [bottom graph]).
Fig. 1 in Novel aspects of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) biology and an improved method for culturing this invasive species with a modified D. melanogaster diet
Fig. 1. Dietary manipulation of Drosophila suzukii cultures based on the use of 5 berry species (blackberry, strawberry, black cherry, blueberry, and grape) with a no-fruit (No Fruit) control (grey bars), and cultures to which yeast was added (+Y) or omitted (−Y) from 4-24® drosophila media (white bars). Asterisks indicate mean differences from 2 respective baseline controls (B), i.e., Blackberry−Y (14 d) and Blackberry+Y (21 d), according to multiple Wilcoxon 2-sample tests.
Fig. 1 in Acca sellowiana (Myrtaceae): a new alternative host for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Brazil
Fig. 1. Acca sellowiana fruit showing characteristic symptoms of Conotrachelus psidii attack: damage caused by feeding (black circles) and oviposition (white circles). An adult male of C. psidii is indicated by a black arrow, and an egg-laying adult female of Drosophila sp. is indicated by a white arrow.
Figura 3 in Invasión de Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) en Chile: utilizando los modelos de distribución de especies como herramienta de bioseguridad
Figura 3. Probabilidades de establecimiento de D. suzukii, obtenidas de la intersección entre modelos globales y regionales, en: a) Registros de D. suzukii en Chile, b) Etapa de invasión en el espacio geográfico utilizando los modelos globales y regionales (color rojo, representa las P. estables, en verde Colonización, en gris Poblaciones sumidero). c) Etapa de invasión en el espacio del nicho utilizando las probabilidades de los registros de D. suzukii en Chile.
Figure 3 Drosophila suzukii collected emerging from a in Living fruits of Psychotria brachyceras Müll. Arg. (Rubiaceae) as the main larval host of Zygothrica orbitalis (Sturtevant, 1916) (Diptera, Drosophilidae)
Figure 3 Drosophila suzukii collected emerging from a fruit of Psychotria brachyceras. (A) Male in lateral view (arrow indicating the dark spot at wing apex, at the intersection of veins R2+3 and C, typical of males of the species); (B) Detail of sex combs in foretarsus (arrows); (C) Posteroventral view of male periphallic organs; (D) Lateral view of the apex of abdomen of a female, showing the serrated oviscapt. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; ovscp, oviscapt; ph, phallus; sur, surstylus.
Fig. 2 in Ecological niche difference associated with varied ethanol tolerance between Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Fig. 2. Mortality of Drosophila melanogaster (A) and Drosophila suzukii (B) adults exposed to varying concentrations of ethanol.
Fig. 4 in Ecological niche difference associated with varied ethanol tolerance between Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Fig. 4. ADH and ALDH activity levels of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila suzukii exposed to ethanol. (A) ADH activity in Drosophila melanogaster; (B) ALDH activity in Drosophila melanogaster; (C) ADH activity in Drosophila suzukii; (D) ALDH activity in Drosophila suzukii. Different letters in each figure (A, B, C, D) indicate a significant difference between adults and larvae (One-way ANOVA: α = 0.05).
Fig. 3 in Ecological niche difference associated with varied ethanol tolerance between Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Fig. 3. Mortality of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila suzukii larvae exposed to varying concentrations of ethanol.
Fig. 1 in Ecological niche difference associated with varied ethanol tolerance between Drosophila suzukii and Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)
Fig. 1. Ethanol (A) and acetaldehyde (B) contents of grapes infested by Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila suzukii.
Fig. 1 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries
Fig. 1. The laboratory assay conducted in a wind chamber testing the effectiveness of baits to attract Drosophila suzukii.
Fig. 3 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries
Fig. 3. Mean (± SE) number of adult Drosophila suzukii captured in baited traps suspended in a wind chamber. Treatments with the same letter are not significantly different (P> 0.05).
Fig. 6 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries
Fig. 6. Mean (± SE) number of female Drosophila suzukii captured in yeast + sugar traps placed in a blueberry field in Hawthorne, Florida, USA, blocked into 4 separate treatments: border spray, mass trapping, alternative row spray, and an untreated control. Populations were monitored weekly during a 6-wk period; asterisks indicate those treatments that were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) during a sample period.
Fig. 8 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries
Fig. 8. Mean (± SE) number of Drosophila suzukii reared from blueberries collected from a field in Hawthorne, Florida, USA, blocked into 4 separate treatments: border spray, mass trapping, alternative row spray, and an untreated control. Fruit was collected weekly for 6 wk. Treatments were not significantly different (P> 0.05).
Fig. 5 in Comparison of attractants, insecticides, and mass trapping for managing Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blueberries
Fig. 5. Mean (± SE) number of adult Drosophila suzukii captured in yeast + sugar traps placed in a blueberry field in Hawthorne, Florida, USA, blocked into 4 separate treatments: border spray, mass trapping, alternative row spray, and an untreated control. Populations monitored weekly during a 6-wk period; asterisks indicate those treatments that were significantly different (P ≤ 0.05) during a sample period.
Different effects of Drosophila suzukii oviposition and larval activity on fruit rot and mold
<p><span>Understanding symbioses and the selective pressures on symbionts requires elucidating how the different behaviors and phenotypes of hosts affect microbes. When female fruit-flies of the genus <em>Drosophila</em> deposit their eggs, they trigger substantial rots (i.e. the development of yeasts and bacteria) and molds (i.e. the development of filamentous fungi). It is however unknown whether these microbial growths are due to female oviposition <em>per-se</em>, or the activity of the larvae that emerge from the eggs. </span></p> <p><span>We </span><span>investigated the specific effects of <em>Drosophila suzukii</em> (Diptera: Drosophilidae) female oviposition and larval activity on rot and mold development in fresh, on-plant strawberry and raspberry. To disentangle the effects of egg deposition from that of larval presence some females were mated with sterile males, as occurs when the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is deployed. <span> </span></span></p> <p><span>This “sterile treatment” without larvae produced intermediate intensities of rot and mold development, greater than “controls” unexposed to flies, but lower than the “fertile treatment” exposed to fertile flies. The proportion of berries too rotten for market access 3 days post-exposure was however equivalent in the sterile and the fertile treatments. But mold after 3 days was only pervasive in the fertile treatment and on strawberry. </span></p> <p><span>These results show specific effects of oviposition and larval activity on the development of yeast, bacteria and molds. The study indicates that when <em>D. suzukii</em> females are present in the field, damages to crops cannot be reduced by the release of sterile males. Instead, the sterile insect technique should be used to prevent population build-up.</span></p>
Winter fruit contribution to the performance of the invasive fruit fly Drosophila suzukii under different thermal regimes
<div> <div> <div> <div> <p>These datasheets and code were used for analyses and to produce the graphics of the article This dataset was used for analyses of the article 'Winter fruit contribution to the performance of the invasive fruit fly Drosophila suzukii under different thermal regimes' submitted for publication in Insect Science.</p> <p>Informations about the datasheet are in 'README and metadata' file.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div>
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