Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
180
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.7.1
Dataset results
180 results for “Drylands”
Annual precipitation and photo-derived vegetation and litter cover (2013-2021) used for analysis in the manuscript “Growing grasses in the desert: Multi-scale Interactions and State Change Reversal in Drylands”
This dataset contains water year precipitation collected from meteorological stations, litter and vegetation cover values derived from overhead photos, and litter and soil accumulation in lateral photos in a long-term experiment (2013-2021) of cross-scale interactions (CSIs) at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Manipulations were initiated in 2013 at 15 experimental blocks, each with 4 treatment plots: plant-scale herbicide of mesquite shrubs, patch-scale connectivity modifiers (ConMods), herbicide + ConMods, control without manipulations. Litter, soil, and vegetation cover were estimated using repeat overhead photographs of microplots within treatment and control plots. Litter and soil accumulation were estimated from lateral photos of ConMods. This dataset utilized QuickBird imagery from 2011 to assess ground cover classes within the Jornada Basin, focusing on bare ground, herbaceous, and shrub cover. Daily precipitation data collected from 13 meteorological stations were used to calculate water year (1 October-30 September) precipitation from 2013 through 2021. This dataset provides supporting data for the manuscript "Growing grasses in the desert: Multi-scale Interactions and State Change Reversal in Drylands" by Peters et al.
Fertilization (NPK) alter dryland biogeochemical processes
Nutrient augmentation is one major global change disturbance that could have cascading effects on local plant and microbial communities thus altering biogeochemical properties (Peñuelas et al. 2012). While many studies have investigated fertilization effects on community change and ecosystem processes, less work has been done in dryland ecosystems (Schimel 2010), where nutrient availability often comes as pulses correlated with rain events (Collins et al. 2008). We leveraged an ongoing fertilization experiment (NutNet) at the Sevilleta to answer the question: How does fertilization alter dryland biogeochemical processes, and how does this effect change seasonally? To explore this topic, we specifically measure three important soil hydrolase enzymes, N-acetyl- glycosaminidase (NAG), phosphatase (AP), and β- glucosidase (BG), microbial biomass, and soil nitrogen levels at 5 points along a seasonal gradient within the NutNet plots.
Surface water and flooding dynamics data set based on seasonally continuous Landsat data (1986-2011) in a dryland river basin
<p>Animations of the data are available here: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2438110">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2438110</a></p> <p>If you are using this data set, please cite the following publication:</p> <p>Tulbure, M.G. and M. Broich (2018). Spatiotemporal patterns and effects of climate and land use on surface water extent dynamics in a dryland region with three decades of Landsat satellite data. Science of the Total Environment. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718347466 </p> <p>The data represent statistically validated surface water and flooding extent dynamics derived from seasonally continous Landsat TM/ETM+ data and random forest models, and summarised to the maximum extent of surface water per season between 1986-2011 over Australia's Murray-Darling Basin. The overall accuracy was over 99% and producer's accuracy for water 87% +/- 3%. </p> <p>The method is described in the following publication: <br> Tulbure, M.G., M. Broich, S.V. Stehman, A. Kommareddy. (2016). Surface water extent dynamics from three decades of seasonally continuous Landsat time series at subcontinental scale in a semi-arid region. Remote Sensing of Environment. 178: 142-157</p> <p>URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034425716300621 </p> <p>Data are provided in GeoTIFF format per season per year. File naming convention is as follows:<br> yy_inund_freq_season_SamplingMethod. For example, "99_inund_freq_winter_max" will represent inundation frequency for winter 1999 resampled using a maximum resampling method. </p> <p>Inundation frequency represents the number of times a pixel has been flagged as flooded out of the times that pixel had valid observations * 100. Valid observation exclude no data values and clouds. The valid range of inundation frequency is 0-100 [%], with 255 indicating no data values. Data type is eight bit unsigned integer (uint8). </p> <p>The data were resampled to 120m resolution to reduce file size. The resampling methods used include max (e.g. selects the max value of all non-NODATA contributing 30m pixels) and mean (median and min can be provided upon request). If you are unsure which resampling to use, you may want to start with the mean. </p>
Microbial and soil moisture impacts of compost amendments and rainfall pulses in a degraded dryland soil, Arizona, 2021-2023
Compost, an organic soil amendment, has been proposed to increase soil carbon storage and water-holding capacity in drylands, and this management strategy may be particularly impactful in degraded drylands with low soil organic content. Compost additions and rainfall variability may interact to affect soil moisture, which is an important catalyst for soil microbial activity. This dataset is from a study that investigated how variable compost application amounts and simulated rainfall pulses affect soil moisture, microbial activity, and carbon content in a laboratory incubation study. Soils were amended with different amounts of compost (0, 0.35, and 0.70 g cm -2) and water pulses (5, 10, and 15 mm) in a full-factorial design. Each treatment received the same cumulative amount of water throughout the incubation, but pulses occurred at different frequencies (every 5, 10, and 15 days). Soil moisture content and microbial respiration were measured daily. Soil carbon content was measured at the end of the experiment.
Surface water and flooding dynamics based on seasonally continuous Landsat data (1986-2011) in a dryland river basin (monthly, seasonally, and yearly animations)
<p>The animations provided here are part of the following publication:<br> Tulbure, M.G. and M. Broich (2018). Spatiotemporal patterns and effects of climate and land use on surface water extent dynamics in a dryland region with three decades of Landsat satellite data. Science of the Total Environment. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718347466</p> <p>Please refer to the above mentioned publication for a description of the data and interpretation of the patterns.</p> <p>The animations are based on statistically validated surface water and flooding extent dynamics data derived from seasonally continous Landsat TM/ETM+ and random forest models from 1986 to 2011 over Australia's Murray-Darling Basin. The overall accuracy was over 99% and producer's accuracy for water 87% +/- 3%. </p> <p>The method is described in the following publication: <br> Tulbure, M.G., M. Broich, S.V. Stehman, A. Kommareddy. (2016). Surface water extent dynamics from three decades of seasonally continuous Landsat time series at subcontinental scale in a semi-arid region. Remote Sensing of Environment. 178: 142-157 and available here: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034425716300621 </p>
Seedling emergence and biomass data of nine dryland plant species characterizing the impact of soil residual auxin herbicide across two soil types and water pulse events on greenhouse growth; Las Cruces, New Mexico, Spring 2021.
Synthetic-auxin herbicides are often used to control woody plants and aid in grassland restoration. Seed-based restoration is common alongside herbicide applications and there may be unintended effects of these herbicides on dryland plant species at the seed and seedling stages. Additionally, abiotic conditions at the time of herbicide application may influence herbicide-soil-plant interactions. We conducted a greenhouse study to examine the effects of a common shrub-control herbicide mix and its interaction with soil type and a post-herbicide water pulse on common desert plant seeds and seedlings. In this greenhouse study, we found that a subset of species responded negatively to soil residual herbicide activity of a mixture of aminopyralid, clopyralid, and triclopyr at the seed and seedling stages. Species sensitive to soil herbicide residues were primarily shrub and forb species that are often the target species of herbicide applications for woody plant control, such as Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquite) and Larrea tridentata (creosote bush). However, two shrub species (Atriplex canescens [four-wing saltbush] and Yucca elata [soaptree yucca]) and one perennial grass species (Digitaria californica [Arizona cottontop]), which are used in dryland restoration projects, were found to be particularly sensitive to soil residual herbicide activity. Thus, if using these herbicides to control woody plants and restore herbaceous vegetation via active seeding or relying on the in situ seed bank, considerations should be given to what species are used in the seed mix, what species are already present in the soil seed bank, and other details of the circumstances of herbicide application.
Dryland soil mycobiome response to long-term precipitation variability at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 2013-2019
This dataset contains data and code for the paper "Dryland soil mycobiome response to long-term precipitation variability depends on host type" published in Journal of Ecology in 2022. Data were collected at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, USA. Soil samples were sent to the University of Georgia, for DNA extraction and sequencing, performed at the Georgia Genomics and Bioinformatics Core in Athens, GA. Sequencing data are archived at NCBI under project identifier PRJNA884111.
Germination and early establishment of dryland grasses and shrubs on wind-eroded soils from the Jornada Basin LTER Scrape site, 2018-2019
In this dataset, we report germination and seedling growth of contrasting perennial grass (Bouteloua eriopoda, Sporobolus airoides, and Aristida purpurea) and shrub (Prosopis glandulosa, Atriplex canescens, and Larrea tridentata) functional groups grown on non-winnowed and winnowed soils collected from the Jornada Basin LTER Scrape Site at the Jornada Experimental Range (JER) in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. The soil physical and chemical properties of winnowed and non-winnowed soils were evaluated, and soil water retention curves were obtained for the two soil types. A controlled pot experiment was conducted under the well-watered greenhouse conditions at the University of Arizona campus, Tucson, AZ in 2018 and 2019 to test if topsoil "winnowing" by wind erosion would differentially affect grass and shrub seedling establishment to promote shrub recruitment over that of grass. Data include soil water retention curves, soil chemistry, nutrients, and texture, seedling germination, and seedling growth and biomass. This study is complete and the data are published in the article below. Niu, F., Pierce, N. A., Archer, S. R., & Okin, G. S. (2021). Germination and early establishment of dryland grasses and shrubs on intact and wind-eroded soils under greenhouse conditions. Plant and Soil, 1-16. DOI: 10.1007/s11104-021-05005-9
Sevilleta Plant Species Sensitivity of Dryland Plant Allometry to Climate
Patterns of plant biomass partitioning are fundamental to estimates of primary productivity and ecosystem process rates. Allometric relationships between aboveground plant biomass and non-destructive measures of plant size, such as cover, volume, or stem density are widely used in plant ecology. Such size-biomass allometry is often assumed to be invariant for a given plant species, plant functional group, or ecosystem type. Allometric adjustments may be an important component of the short- or long-term responses of plants to abiotic conditions. We used 18 years of size-biomass data describing 85 plant species to investigate the sensitivity of allometry to precipitation, temperature, or drought across two seasons and four ecosystems in central New Mexico, USA. Our results demonstrate that many plant species adjust patterns in the partitioning of aboveground biomass under different climates and highlight the importance of long-term data for understanding functional differences among plant species.
Rodent declines track regional climate variability in North American drylands
Regional long-term monitoring can enhance the detection of biodiversity declines associated with climate change, improving future projections by reducing reliance on space-for-time substitution and increasing scalability. Rodents are diverse and important consumers in drylands, which cover ~45% of Earth’s land surface and face increasingly drier and more variable climates. Here, we analyzed abundance data for 22 rodent species across grassland, shrubland, ecotone, and woodland habitats in the southwestern USA. We captured two time series: 1995-2006 and 2004-2013 that coincide with phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), which influences drought in southwestern North America. Regionally, rodent species diversity declined 20-35%, with greater losses during the later time period. Abundance also declined regionally, but only during 2004-2013, with losses of ~5% of animals captured. During the first time series (PDO wet phase), plant productivity outranked climate variables as the best regional predictor of rodent abundance for 70% of taxa, whereas during the second period (dry phase), climate best explained rodent abundance for 60% of taxa. Temporal dynamics in rodent diversity and abundance differed spatially among habitats and sites, with the largest declines in woodlands and shrublands of central New Mexico and Colorado. Both habitat type and phase of the PDO modulated which species were winners or losers under increasing drought and amplified interannual variability in drought. Fewer taxa were significant winners (18%) than losers (30%) under drought, but the identities of winners and losers differed among habitats for 70% of taxa. Our results suggest that the sensitivities of rodent species to climate contributed to regional declines in diversity and abundance during 1995 - 2013. Whether these changes portend future declines in drought-sensitive consumers in the southwestern USA will depend on the climate during the next major phase of the PDO.
Rapid root to leaf uptake of inorganic and amino acid nitrogen in three dryland plant species.
Our aim was to quantify inorganic and organic nitrogen (N) uptake and compare short-term nutrient acquisition patterns among three dryland plant species: Bouteloua eriopoda, Achnatherum hymenoides, and Gutierrezia sarothrae collected from a mixed grassland community in the Northern Chihuahuan Desert to better understand how asynchronous resource availability may influence biotic interactions and nutrient retention in these ecosystems. We collected living plants from two locations within the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge and transplanted them into pots maintained in the greenhouse with supplemental light and water for two months. We then conducted a greenhouse experiment using these species to compare nutrient uptake of 15N-labeled ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), and glutamate (an amino acid) over 12 to 48 hours. Our study examined three main questions: (1) How rapidly do these dryland plants take up available soil N?, (2) Does leaf uptake differ among inorganic and amino acid N forms?, and (3) Do plant species differ in the speed or form of short-term N uptake?. In the greenhouse, we applied one of three isotopic 15N tracers directly to plant roots and quantified N uptake and recovery in leaves after 12, 24, and 48 hours. We found that plants took up inorganic and amino acid N to leaves as rapidly as 12 h following application, and N uptake more than doubled between 24 and 48 h. Inorganic N uptake was 3-4x higher than organic N uptake in all three species, and plants took up ammonium and nitrate at 2-3x faster rates than glutamate. On average, B. eriopoda had higher inorganic N recovery and uptake speeds, while G. sarothrae had the highest organic N uptake over time. A. hymenoides root to leaf uptake was ~50% lower than the other two species after 48 h. Plants showed similar patterns of short-term foliar uptake and recovery indicating a lack of niche partitioning by N form among the three dryland species measured. Our results suggest that soil inorganic N, par
A Lagrangian analysis of the sources of rainfall over the Horn of Africa Drylands
<p>This repository contains datasets required to reproduce the figures in the paper titled "A Lagrangian analysis of the sources of rainfall over the Horn of Africa Drylands"</p> <p>The relevant codes for generating the figures can be found in the following repository: https://github.com/akashkoppa/HAD-Moisture-Source</p>
Small-scale farming in drylands: New models for resilient practices of millet and sorghum cultivation - Dataset and code
<p>This repository contains the primary research data and R code used for data analysis for the article "<em>Small-scale farming in drylands: New models for resilient practices of millet and sorghum cultivation"</em> Published in the journal PLOS ONE (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268120">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268120</a>)</p> <p>N.B. To run the code unzip the folder 9-RData.zip and save it in the same working directory as the datasets</p> <p>V 2.0 changes:</p> <p>A. Datasets 1-2-3 - small formatting corrections</p> <p>B. Dataset 7 - fixing some errors in the calculations</p> <p>C. Code - minor fixes and seimplicifaction</p> <p> </p>
Logger Microclimate Data from Californian Drylands
Logger microclimate data (temperature, sunlight intensity, and relative humidity) were collected using the HOBO ONSET 64K data logger and OMEGA engineering temperature and RH pendant two aridity gradients across California. Microsites included the open, shrub, and two artificial shelter types: square and triangle.
Winter sampling microclimatic data using handheld devices at a shrub gradient across Californian drylands.
During a two-week sampling period in February 2023, we collected microclimatic data, including temperature and relative humidity, at shrubs and in the open across 9 sites in California. We collected ambient and ground temperatures.
Land use change converts temperate dryland landscape into a net methane source
<p>Drylands cover approximately 40% of the global land surface and are thought to contribute significantly to the soil methane sink. However, large-scale methane budgets have not fully considered the influence of agricultural land use change in drylands, which often includes irrigation to create land cover types that support hay or grains for livestock production. These land cover types may represent a small proportion of the landscape but could disproportionately contribute to greenhouse gas exchange and are currently omitted in estimates of dryland methane fluxes. We measured greenhouse gas fluxes among big sagebrush, introduced wetlands, and hay meadows in a semi-arid temperate dryland in Wyoming, USA to investigate how these small-scale irrigated land cover types contributed to landscape-scale methane dynamics. Big sagebrush ecosystems dominated the landscape while the introduced wetlands and hay meadows represented 1% and 12% respectively. Methane uptake was consistent in the big sagebrush ecosystems, emissions and uptake were variable in the hay meadows, and emissions were consistent in the introduced wetlands. Despite making up 1% of the total land area, methane production in the introduced wetlands overwhelmed consumption occurring throughout the rest of the landscape, making this region a net methane source. Our work suggests that introduced wetlands and other irrigated land cover types created for livestock production may represent a significant, previously overlooked source of anthropogenic methane in this region and perhaps in drylands globally.</p>
Climate change may alter the signal of plant facilitation in Mediterranean drylands
<p>Facilitation is an ecological interaction that has allowed plant lineages to survive past climate aridification. This same interaction can be expected to buffer the effects of current climate change, which is tending to become more arid in the Mediterranean basin. However, facilitation may wane when stress conditions are extreme. Here we argue that the erosion of the facilitation signal between <em>Quercus ilex</em> and its nurses detected by García-Fayos et al. (2020) along 50 years in the eastern Iberian Peninsula may have been due to the reversion of facilitation to competition imposed by an increasingly arid climate. To support this speculation, we reconstructed the climatic niche of <em>Q. ilex </em>and its nurses as well as the local climate change occurring in the populations studied. We found that the decreasing trend in precipitation is pushing <em>Q. ilex</em> out of its climatic optimum in the stressful (semi-arid) but not in the mild (sub-humid) habitats. These results suggest that facilitation will be unable to mitigate the effects of climate change, especially those related to aridification. However, other scenarios linking climatic change with herbivory and rural abandonment should be considered to fully understand the past, present and future of facilitation interactions. Reconstructing past interactions can serve as an early warning signal about the future of populations in the face of climate change.</p>
Data for Water inputs across the Namib Desert: implications for dryland edaphic microbiology
<p>These are the data files required to run the analyses in Water inputs across the Namib Desert: implications for dryland edaphic microbiology.</p>
Landsat-based maps of cropping practices in the irrigated drylands of the Aral Sea Basin (1987-2019)
<p><strong>Overview</strong></p> <p>A set of maps revealing agricultural land use patterns in the irrigated drylands of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya basin between 1987 and 2019. The maps were produced using time series of 30m Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI Collection 1 surface reflectance products and a Random Forest classification model trained with ~30,000 samples from the years 1987, 1998, 2008, and 2018. All processing steps were conducted in Google Earth Engine. The target classes of this product are "wet season cropping", "dry season cropping", "double cropping including fodder crops", and "non-cropland". Mapping was conducted across nine provinces in Uzbekistan, two in Turkmenistan, and three in Tajikistan, and post-processing was used to constrain the study area to regions which were irrigated in at least two years in the study period, areas below 2,000 m above sea level, and regions/years with a sufficient number of cloud-free Landsat images (n>6). Annual maps were aggregated temporally and spatially, resulting in different datasets described below.</p> <p>We advise map users to read the <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac8daa">open access paper</a> and the associated supplementary materials for detailed insights. In case of further questions please contact the lead author of the work.</p> <p><strong>Data</strong></p> <p>This download contains three folders:</p> <ul> <li><em>landuse_30m</em>: Land use layers with 30m spatial resolution, representing the percentage (0-100%) of the three key land use types ("wet season cropping", "dry season cropping", "double cropping including fodder crops") within two time frames (1987-2000 and 2001-2019). Years with insufficient cloud-free Landsat observations were excluded from the calculation of percentages.</li> <li><em>landuse_3km</em>: Land use metrics with 3km spatial resolution, representing - for each grid cell and year - the "percentage of cropland", "percentage of dry-season cultivation", and "cropping frequency". The layers in these datasets are ordered chronologically, with the layer 1 representing the year 1987, and layer 33 the year 2019. Gaps in the time series were filled using linear interpolation for subsequent trend calculation using <a href="https://github.com/morrowcj/remotePARTS/">remotePARTS</a>.</li> <li><em>mask</em>: A mask with 30m spatial resolution constraining the study area to regions below 2,000 m above sea level and regions which were irrigated at least twice in the study period.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Map accuracy</strong></p> <p>We conducted an area-adjusted accuracy assessment based on a stratified random sample (n = 2,784 per year), which yielded important insights regarding accuracies and error types. The median area-adjusted overall accuracy of the maps across the study period is 91.4%, but class-specific user´s and producer´s accuracies vary substantially. Users should consult the supplementary materials of the article for details on accuracies, confusion matrices, and the most important error types.</p> <p><strong>Further resources</strong><br> The production of this map was made possible through the Landsat Program of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform for preprocessing of the satellite data and classification. The code for preprocessing the Landsat time series is based on the Google Earth Engine Python API and made available at <a href="https://github.com/philipperufin/eepypr/">https://github.com/philipperufin/eepypr/</a>.</p>
Drought-heatwave compound events are stronger in drylands
<p>This data is supplementary data or code for the research article "Weather and Climate Extremes". The file name Global_CDHWs is the specific data of the six indicators of the global composite event calculated from 1961 to 2020, the granger_test file is the result data of the Granger causality test, and the lag_granger file is the lag result of the Granger causality test.</p> <p>Note: (Tsum, Tmax, Toccr, Tmean, AH, TAH,) correspond sequentially to (HDF, DHD, DHO, DHM, DHC, DHA). Inside variables correspond one to one.</p> <p>The Global CDHWs folder includes dry-heatwave compound events (state3) and wet heatwave compound events (state4), and each of the two folders contains six variables with annual and monthly scales, where the next level folder contains monthly scale data.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.