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8 results for “EST-SSR”
Geographical gradients of genetic diversity and differentiation among the southernmost marginal populations of Abies sachalinensis revealed by EST-SSR polymorphism
Research Highlights: We detected the longitudinal gradients of genetic diversity parameters, such as the number of alleles, effective number of alleles, heterozygosity, and inbreeding coefficient, and found that these might be attributable to climatic conditions, such as temperature and snow depth. Background and Objectives: Genetic diversity among local populations of a plant species at its distributional margin has long been of interest in ecological genetics. Populations at the distribution center grow well in favorable conditions, but those at the range margins are exposed to unfavorable environments, and the environmental conditions at establishment sites might reflect the genetic diversity of local populations. This is known as the central-marginal hypothesis in which marginal populations show lower genetic variation and higher differentiation than do central populations. In addition, genetic variation in a local population is influenced by phylogenetic constraints and the population history of selection under environmental constraints. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis in relation to Abies sachalinensis, a major conifer species in Hokkaido. Materials and methods: A total of 1,189 trees from 25 natural populations were analyzed using 19 EST-SSR loci. Results: The eastern populations; namely, those in the species distribution center, showed greater genetic diversity than did the western peripheral populations. Another important finding is that the southwestern marginal populations were highly differentiated from the other populations. Conclusions: These differences might be due to genetic drift in the small and isolated populations at the range margin. Therefore, our results indicated that the central-marginal hypothesis held true for the southernmost A. sachalinensis populations in Hokkaido.
EST-SSR genotyping data from: Ecotype variation in the endemic tree Callicarpa subpubescens on small oceanic islands: Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental insights
<p><em>Callicarpa subpubescens</em>, endemic to the Ogasawara Islands, is suggested to have multiple ecotypes in the Hahajima Islands, specifically in the central part of the Ogasawara Islands. In this study, associations between genetic groups and spatial distribution, habitat, leaf morphology, size structure, and flowering time of each genetic group were investigated on Hahajima and the satellite Imoutojima Islands. Genetic groups were identified using EST-SSR markers, revealing four ecotypes named based on morphological features: Dwarf (D), Glabrescent (G), Tall (T), and Middle (M), with M being a result of the hybridization of G and T. Ecotype D, adapted to dry environments, is characterized by small tree size, dense thick leaves with abundant hairs, and is distributed in dry scrub. Ecotype G, adapted to understory of mesic forests, lacks leaf hairs. Ecotype T, adapted to the canopy of mesic forests, has hairy leaves and is tall in tree height. Ecotype M, adapted to the canopy of mesic scrub or edges of mesic forests, has hairy leaves but with a shorter tree height than ecotype T. Flowering peaks differed among all ecotype pairs except G and M, but the flowering times more or less overlapped among all ecotypes, suggesting that pre-mating isolation among ecotypes is not perfect. Post-mating isolation is considered absent, as there were no differences in the results, germination, and survival rates of one-year seedlings among inter- and intra-ecotype crossings. The existence of such ecotypes provides valuable insights into the ongoing speciation processes adapting to the oceanic island environments.</p>
EST-SSR genotyping data from: Ecotype variation in the endemic tree Callicarpa subpubescens on small oceanic islands: Genetic, phenotypic, and environmental insights
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Data from: Enhanced correlations of EST-SSR based genetic distance with hybrid performance, specific hybridizing ability and heterosis using effect-increasing and effect-decreasing alleles: a case study in Eucalyptus L'Hér
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Genomic SSR and EST-SSR markers for phylogenetic and pedigree reconstruction: A comparison in sea buckthorn
<p>Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers play an important role in genetic and molecular breeding programs, especially for non-model species. We identified SSRs from expressed sequence tags (EST-SSRs) and whole genome sequences (gSSRs), by analyzing the transcriptome and genome of the Mongolian sea buckthorn (<i>Hippophae rhamnoides</i> subsp. <i>Mongolica</i>) cultivar 'Sunny'<i>.</i> Using the same number of loci, EST-SSRs showed higher transferability to <i>Hippophae </i>than gSSRs, and phylogenetic trees based on EST-SSRs demonstrated higher resolution for classifying <i>Hippophae </i>species and subspecies into clades, possibly due to high conservatism and/or existence of adaptive divergence between species/subspecies in coding sequence regions. In contrast, parentage analyses showed that gSSRs were more effective at resolving parentage than EST-SSRs due to higher level of polymorphism in gSSRs. The markers developed in this study can be used in the identification and pedigree reconstruction of species/subspecies of sea buckthorn, while their usage in clarifying phylogenetic relationship among species remains to be discussed. The comparison between EST-SSRs and gSSRs would provide insight into the trade-off between differentiation and polymorphism in marker selection for breeding programs.</p>
Genomic SSR and EST-SSR markers for phylogenetic and pedigree reconstruction: A comparison in sea buckthorn
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Microsatellite data of 21 EST-SSR loci from all 469 Emmenopterys henryi samples
<p>Several hypotheses are available to predict change in genetic diversity at expanding range margins. However, empirical evidence to test predictions of the central-marginal hypothesis (CMH) at contracting range limits is scarce. To address this issue, we assessed spatial patterns of genetic variation, effective population size, and contemporary and historical gene flow in a widespread, Tertiary relict tree species from subtropical China, <i>Emmenopterys henryi</i>.</p>
Microsatellite data of 21 EST-SSR loci from all 503 Emmenopterys henryi samples
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