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122 results for “Epidendrum”
Epidendrum radicans - genetic data of 4 regional populations
<p>Colonization is a fundamental ecological process that is important for the persistence of species, particularly when a changing environment necessitates range shifts. Vacant habitats available for colonization often arise from landscape disturbance. Colonization and population expansion processes can be inferred by examining the levels and spatial distribution of genetic variation of plant populations with known disturbance histories. Samples (N = 690) of the terrestrial orchid, <em>Epidendrum radicans</em>, were collected from five lava flow sites on the slopes of Volcán Arenal in Costa Rica that last experienced major eruptions in 1968 and 1992. Individuals were also sampled (N = 188) from four regional populations. Samples were characterized using 15 nuclear genetic markers and analyzed using population genetics statistics. Genetic diversity within sites was moderate (He = 0.092 – 0.192). Contrary to expectation, diversity tended to be lower on the older lava flows (0.131 versus 0.172) which may reflect their more sheltered topography that restricted pollen/seed immigration, and/or greater intra- and interspecific competition. Genetic diversity measures indicate that the lava flows were colonized by numerous individuals that likely originated from multiple sources while spatial genetic structure (SGS) statistics indicate that most recruitment in the study sites subsequent to colonization resulted from <em>in situ</em> reproduction and localized seed deposition. Younger sites had significantly greater SGS over larger distances which reflects fewer reproductive events, and less spatial and temporal overlap of seed shadows relative to the older sites. Clones were also generally larger on the older sites (≤ 8m versus ≤ 3m).</p>
Epidendrum radicans – x, y coordinates and genetic data of individuals within 5 focal populations
<p>Colonization is a fundamental ecological process that is important for the persistence of species, particularly when a changing environment necessitates range shifts. Vacant habitats available for colonization often arise from landscape disturbance. Colonization and population expansion processes can be inferred by examining the levels and spatial distribution of genetic variation of plant populations with known disturbance histories. Samples (<em>N</em> = 690) of the terrestrial orchid, <em>Epidendrum radicans</em>, were collected from five lava flow sites on the slopes of Volcán Arenal in Costa Rica that last experienced major eruptions in 1968 and 1992. Individuals were also sampled (<em>N</em> = 188) from four regional populations. Samples were characterized using 15 nuclear genetic markers and analyzed using population genetics statistics. Genetic diversity within sites was moderate (<em>H<sub>e</sub></em> = 0.092–0.192). Contrary to expectation, diversity tended to be lower on the older lava flows (0.131 versus 0.172) which may reflect their more sheltered topography that restricted pollen/seed immigration, and/or greater intra- and interspecific competition. Genetic diversity measures indicate that the lava flows were colonized by numerous individuals that likely originated from multiple sources while spatial genetic structure (SGS) statistics indicate that most recruitment in the study sites subsequent to colonization resulted from <em>in</em> <em>situ</em> reproduction and localized seed deposition. Younger sites had significantly greater SGS over larger distances which reflects fewer reproductive events, and less spatial and temporal overlap of seed shadows relative to the older sites. Clones were also generally larger on the older sites (≤ 8m versus ≤ 3m).</p>
Fig. 3 in Germinação e crescimento in vitro de Epidendrum secundum Jacq. (Orchidaceae) em diferentes meios de cultivo e períodos de exposição a agentes desinfestantes seminais
Fig. 3. Número de Raízes (NR) e Comprimento da Maior Raíz (CMR), avaliadas após 180 dias de cultivo in vitro, com relação a meios de cultivo e períodos de exposição à diferentes concentrações de NaClO e Ca(ClO) 2 em sementes de Epidendrum secundum. MS = Meio de Murashige & Skoog (1962), Ky = Meio Kyoto de Kano (1965) e Pe = Meio à base de fertilizante Peters®.
Fig. 1 in Germinação e crescimento in vitro de Epidendrum secundum Jacq. (Orchidaceae) em diferentes meios de cultivo e períodos de exposição a agentes desinfestantes seminais
Fig. 1. Germinabilidade (G%) e Índice de Velocidade de Germinação (IVG após 180 dias de cultivo in vitro, com relação a meios de cultivo e períodos de exposição à diferentes concentrações de NaClO e Ca(ClO) 2 em sementes de Epidendrum secundum. MS = Meio de Murashige & Skoog (1962), Ky = Meio Kyoto de Kano (1965), Pe = Meio à base de fertilizante Peters®.
Epidendrum radicans - genetic data of 4 regional populations
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Epidendrum radicans – x, y coordinates and genetic data of individuals within 5 focal populations
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Data from: Phylogeographic structure and outbreeding depression reveal early stages of reproductive isolation in the Neotropical orchid Epidendrum denticulatum
Phylogeographic studies provide an important framework for investigating the mechanisms operating during the earliest stages of speciation, as reproductive barriers can be examined among divergent lineages in a geographic context. We investigated the evolution of early stages of intrinsic postmating isolation among different populations and lineages of Epidendrum denticulatum, a Neotropical orchid distributed across different biomes in South America. We estimated genetic diversity and structure for both nuclear and plastid markers, using a haplotype network, differentiation tests, Bayesian assignment analysis, and divergence time estimates of the main lineages. Reproductive barriers among divergent lineages were examined by analyzing seed viability following reciprocal crossing experiments. Strong plastid phylogeographic structure was found, indicating that E. denticulatum was restricted to multiple refuges during South American forest expansion events. In contrast, significant phylogeographic structure was not found for nuclear markers, suggesting higher gene flow by pollen than by seeds. Large asymmetries in seed set were observed among different plastid genetic groups, suggesting the presence of polymorphic genic incompatibilities associated with cytonuclear interactions. Our results confirm the importance of phylogeographic studies associated with reproductive isolation experiments and suggest an important role for outbreeding depression during the early stages of lineage diversification.
FIGURE 4 in Three new species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) from the cloud forests of Chota, northern Peru
FIGURE 4. Lankester Composite Dissection Plate (LCDP) of Epidendrum bicornialpicola Hágsater, Chamaya & Iberico. A. Plant habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Flower, lateral view. D. Dissected perianth. E. Ovary with lip and column; upper and lateral views. F. Pollinarium. Prepared by Anaís Cisneros from the images by J. A. Chamaya taken from the specimen that served as the holotype.
FIGURE 3 in Three new species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) from the cloud forests of Chota, northern Peru
FIGURE 3. Lankester Composite Dissection Plate (LCDP) of Epidendrum retrolobatum Hágsater, Chamaya, J.Duarte & Iberico. A. Plant habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Flower, lateral view. D. Dissected perianth. E. Lip in natural position. F. Lateral lobe of lip spread. G. Ovary and column lateral view. H. Ovary and longitudinal section of column. I. Anther cap (top view and underside) and pollinarium. Prepared by Anaís Cisneros from the images by J. A. Chamaya taken from the specimen that served as the holotype.
FIGURE 2 in Three new species of Epidendrum (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) from the cloud forests of Chota, northern Peru
FIGURE 2. Lankester Composite Dissection Plate (LCDP) of Epidendrum acuntasiorum Hágsater, Chamaya, J.Duarte & Iberico. A. Plant habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Flower, lateral view. D. Dissected perianth. E. Ovary. F. Column, ventral view. G. Anther cap and pollinarium. Prepared by Anaís Cisneros from the images by J. A. Chamaya taken from the specimen that served as the holotype.
FIGURE 2 in Epidendrum scandens: an unusual new orchid species endemic to the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica
FIGURE 2. Distribution of Epidendrum scandens based on the only specimens currently known of this species.
FIGURE 1 in Epidendrum scandens: an unusual new orchid species endemic to the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica
FIGURE 1. Lankester Composite Dissection Plate of Epidendrum scandens. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence with flower in 3/4 view. C. Inflorescence with flowers in frontal view. D. Perianth dissected. E. Ovary, column and lip in lateral view and longitudinal section. F. Ovary and column in ventral (left) and lateral (right) views. Photographs by A.P. Karremans, LCDP by G. Rojas-Alvarado based on the type.
FIGURE 3 in Epidendrum scandens: an unusual new orchid species endemic to the Cordillera de Talamanca in Costa Rica
FIGURE 3. Epidendrum scandens in situ. A. Plants growing over the understory plants and soil organic matter (Chinchilla et al. 5284). B. Closeup of the scandent growth of the stems (Karremans & Contreras Fernández 9012). Photographs by I. Chinchilla (A) and A.P. Karremans (B).
Supplementary material 1 from: Horna LO, Hágsater E, Jiménez MM (2021) A new species of Epidendrum L. (Orchidaceae) of pendulous habit from Peru. PhytoKeys 184: 55-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.184.70844
Supplementary material 1 from: Horna LO, Hágsater E, Jiménez MM (2021) A new species of Epidendrum L. (Orchidaceae) of pendulous habit from Peru. PhytoKeys 184: 55-66. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.184.70844
FIGURE 3 in Epidendrum katarun-yariku (Orchidaceae), a new species of the Schistochilum group from the tepuis of the Guiana Highlands in South America
FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Epidendrum katarun-yariku in Venezuela and Brazil. (map by Mateusz Wrazidlo).
FIGURE 2. Epidendrum katarun-yariku. A in Epidendrum katarun-yariku (Orchidaceae), a new species of the Schistochilum group from the tepuis of the Guiana Highlands in South America
FIGURE 2. Epidendrum katarun-yariku. A. Plant in its natural habitat on Abacapá-tepuí, Chimantá Massif, Venezuela (photographed by Brad Wilson). B. Inflorescence photographed on a wild plant on Amurí-tepuí, Chimantá Massif, Venezuela (photographed by Martin Hingst). C. Flower on a specimen from Acopán-tepuí (photographed by Mateusz Wrazidlo).
FIGURE 1 in Epidendrum katarun-yariku (Orchidaceae), a new species of the Schistochilum group from the tepuis of the Guiana Highlands in South America
FIGURE 1. Plate of Epidendrum katarun-yariku. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence. C. Flower, frontal view. D. Flower, longitudinal section. E. Column. F. Dissected perianth. G. Anther and pollinia. Photographs by Mateusz Wrazidlo. Edited by Anaís Cisneros.
FIGURE 2 in Epidendrum dayseae, a new species of Orchidaceae (Laeliinae) from northern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Mitotic metaphase and karyogram in Epidendrum dayseae showing the chromosome number (2n = 4x = 80) and pattern of CMA/DAPI bands. Inserts demonstrate CMA+/DAPI– pericentromeric bands (A) and CMA+/DAPI– terminal bands (B). Asterisk (*) in 11 indicate homologous chromosomes with CMA+/DAPI– terminal bands. Scale bar corresponds to 5 µm.
FIGURE 1. Epidendrum dayseae. A. Habit. B in Epidendrum dayseae, a new species of Orchidaceae (Laeliinae) from northern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Epidendrum dayseae. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence and part of the stem. C. Flower. D. Floral bract. E. Floral parts. F. Lip. G. Column in side view. H. Column in dorsal view. I. Column in ventral view. J. Anther in dorsal view. K. Anther in ventral view.
FIGURE 3. Epidendrum alejandrinae. A, B. Habit and complete plant. C. Flowers. D, E in Epidendrum alejandrinae (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae), a new species from the high Andean forests of central Peru
FIGURE 3. Epidendrum alejandrinae. A, B. Habit and complete plant. C. Flowers. D, E. Habitat. Photographs by Katherine Lucero Lagones Poma (A and D) and Harold Rusbelth Quispe-Melgar (B, C and E).
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