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4 results for “European Space Agency”
Lake mask and distance to land dataset of 2024 lakes for the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Lakes v2
<p>This dataset contains the distance to land and the lake identifiers as a global netcdf file for all the water pixels at 1km (1/120 deg) lat/lon resolution of 2024 lakes distributed globally. It contains also the list of lakes as a csv file with information such as the lake center as defined in [1], and the coordinate of a box to easily locate the like in the global netcd file. The mask excludes islands on lakes and it has been derived from the GloboLakes high resolution limnology dataset [2]. The dateset have been further harmonized with the lake maximum extent lake polygons by PML [3]. The lake list with the plot of the mask and the polygons is available as a html file accessible also from the lake website at the University of Reading: http://www.laketemp.net/home_CCI/LMPolygons.php</p> <p>This dataset accompanies the <strong>ESA CCI Lakes v2 dataset</strong> [4].</p> <p> </p> <p>[1] Carrea, L.; Embury, O.; Merchant, C.J. (2015): High-resolution datasets related to in-land water for limnology and remote sensing applications: distance-to-land, distance-to-water, water-body identifier and lake-centre co-ordinates - Geoscience Data Journal, 2 (2). pp. 83-97. ISSN 2049-6060 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.32</p> <p>[2] Carrea, L.; Embury, O.; Merchant, C.J. (2015): GloboLakes: high-resolution global limnology dataset v1. Centre for Environmental Data Analysis. doi:10.5285/6be871bc-9572-4345-bb9a-2c42d9d85ceb. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5285/6be871bc-9572-4345-bb9a-2c42d9d85ceb">http://dx.doi.org/10.5285/6be871bc-9572-4345-bb9a-2c42d9d85ceb</a></p> <p>[3] Simis, S.; Mata, A.; Selmes, N.; Carrea, L. (2021) Lake polygons dataset accompanying Calimnos v1.4.0 and ESA CCI Lakes Climate Research Data Package v2.0. zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4899250</p> <p>[4] Carrea, L.; Crétaux, J.-F.; Liu, X.; Wu, Y.; Bergé-Nguyen, M.; Calmettes, B.; Duguay, C.; Jiang, D.; Merchant, C.J.; Mueller, D.; Selmes, N.; Simis, S.; Spyrakos, E.; Stelzer, K.; Warren, M.; Yesou, H.; Zhang, D. (2022): ESA Lakes Climate Change Initiative (Lakes_cci): Lake products, Version 2.0.1. NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis <a href="https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/03c935c6890c4b2ebf4aae4d84cd9472">https://catalogue.ceda.ac.uk/uuid/03c935c6890c4b2ebf4aae4d84cd9472</a></p>
ERT data collected at the Corona volcano (Lanzarote, Canary Islands) during the European Space Agency (ESA) testing campaign PANGAEA-X 2017
<p>This dataset contains the ERT (Electrical Resistivity Tomography) data collected between 22 and 23 November 2017 at the Corona volcano (Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Fig. 1) for the detection of lava tubes and the stratigraphic investigation of planetary volcanic analogues. This geophysical survey was carried out within the European Space Agency (ESA) testing campaign PANGAEA-X 2017 (Bessone et al., 2018), aimed at integrating astronaut training-data collection, documentation, analogue field geology procedures with remote sensing and in situ geophysical methods. </p> <p>Two ERT profiles were acquired in NE-SW and NNE-SSW orientations (Fig. 1). These were located roughly orthogonal to the Corona lava tube system and as far as possible on top of the main lava tube axes. The longer profile, profile D, is 470 m in length and was obtained using 48 electrodes spaced 10 m apart. The profile orientation is from SW to NE (electrode 1 to 48). The profile was acquired to detect lava tubes in test site D (sub-area south) where the exact location of a lava tube was known thanks to a LiDAR TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scan) subsurface survey (Santagata et al., 2018). A shorter profile, profile E, is 235 m long and was obtained using 48 electrodes 5 m apart. The profile orientation is from SSW to NNE (electrode 1 to 48). This profile was acquired in test site E (sub-area north) to provide a more detailed investigation of the potential existence of inaccessible sections of the tube whose location could be indicated by the evidence of closely-spaced aligned collapse structures.</p> <p>Each profile was collected using measure sequences compounded by 276 Wenner-Schlumberger array quadrupoles which ensure high vertical resolution and signal amplitude and 328 dipole-dipole array quadrupoles which provide enhanced lateral resolution. A fully automatic multi-electrode resistivity meter SYSCAL Jr Switch-48 by IRIS Instruments (400 V max output voltage, 1200 mA max output current, 100 W max output power, <a href="http://www.iris-instruments.com/syscal-juniorsw.html">http://www.iris-instruments.com/syscal-juniorsw.html</a>), was used for data collection.</p> <p>At most of the measurement points, it was necessary to drill the basalt using a hand drilling machine in order to place the tips of the electrodes into the ground at a depth of approximately 40 cm. The electrodes also needed to kept moist to reduce contact resistance between the electrode and the ground. A large amount of water (up to 2 liters per point) was needed for profile D, situated in an area above the lava tubes with very porous dry soil cover.</p> <p>The dataset is presented as a spreadsheet format which has the "space" as separator and the ".txt" extension. The structure of such a file is the following one:</p> <p>#, El array, Spa1/4, Rho, Dev, M, Sp, Vp, In, Time, Spa5/12, M1/20</p> <p>- #: Data point number</p> <p>- El array: Electrode array</p> <p>- Spa. 1/4: four spacing parameters (corresponding to the electrode array – in m)</p> <p>- Rho: resistivity value (in Ohm.m)</p> <p>- Dev: standard deviation (quality factor, in %)</p> <p>- M: global chargeability value (induced polarization parameter (in mV/V – "=0" if only-resistivity data))</p> <p>- Sp: spontaneous polarization (measured just before the injection, in mV)</p> <p>- Vp: measured primary voltage (in mV)</p> <p>- In: injected current intensity (in mA)</p> <p>- Time: injection time (pulse duration, in s)</p> <p>- Spa. 5/8: other spacing parameters (in m)</p> <p>- Spa. 9/12: electrode elevation (in m)</p> <p>- M1/M20: partial chargeability values (induced polarization window (in mV/V – "=0" if only-resistivity data))</p> <p> </p> <p>Acknowledgements</p> <p>The authors are grateful to ESA and all PANGAEA-X 2017 staff, particularly Loredana Bessone, Matthias Maurer, Herve Stevenin and Igor Drozdovskiy for their participation in data collection during some of the experiments and to the MilesBeyond Team, particularly Francesco Maria Sauro for his logistical support. Regional and local remote sensing data were obtained by the Spanish Instituto Geográfico Nacional (https://www.ign.es) and Gobierno de Canarias (https://www.grafcan.es, <a href="https://opendata.sitcan.es/">https://opendata.sitcan.es</a>).</p> <p> </p> <p>References</p> <p>Bessone, L., et al., 2018, Testing technologies and operational concepts for field geology exploration of the Moon and beyond: the ESA PANGAEA-X campaign, Geophysical Research Abstract, #EGU2018-4013.</p> <p>Santagata, T., Sauro, F., Massironi, M., Pozzobon, R., Del Vecchio, U., Lazzaroni, M., Damiano, N., Tonello, M., Tomasi, I., Martínez-Frìas, J. and Mateo Medero, E., 2018. Subsurface laser scanning and photogrammetry in the Corona Lava Tube System, Lanzarote, Spain, EGU General Assembly 2018, pp. EGU2018-5290.</p>
Public Attitudes Towards the European Space Agency
<p>The data inherent in this dataset were collected between 11 February 2020 to 1 March 2020 as part of a public survey of German residents. The survey looked into attitudes and (hypothetical) behaviours related to the European Space Agency and European space activities. Convenience sampling and snowball sampling were employed over email, messengers and social media.</p> <p>This is a multiple imputation dataset, including an imputation variable, a weighting variable, as well as composite variables where applicable.</p> <p>Additional files include a generic codebook for the dataset and a print version of the online survey for a rough overview of the survey design. The survey content in the latter is in German.</p>
Seismic data collected at the Tinguatón volcano (Lanzarote, Canary Islands) during the European Space Agency (ESA) testing campaign PANGAEA-X 2018
<p>This dataset contains the seismic data collected between 19 and 21 November 2018 at the Tinguatón volcanic region (Los Volcanes Natural Park, Geoparc of Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Fig. 1), within the A1TRAP experiment which formed part of the Analog-1 geology and science support activity (Rossi et al., 2019). Analog 1 was part of a larger European Space Agency (ESA) testing campaign PANGAEA-X 2018 (Bessone et al., 2018), aimed at integrating astronaut training-data collection, documentation, analogue field geology procedures with remote sensing and in situ geophysical methods. </p> <p>Single-station, free-field ambient seismic noise data were collected along two orthogonal profiles: Traverse A, crossing the Tinguatón volcano, and Traverse B passing alongside it (Fig. 1c). Traverse A is ESE-WNW oriented and aligned to the regional fault (as well as along the fissure vent inside the volcano crater), and consists of 12 stations (P1-P12), approximately 50 m apart, with a total profile length of 620 m. Traverse B is NNW-SSE oriented and orthogonal to the regional fault strike, and consists of 9 stations (P13-P20), approximately 50 m apart, with a total profile length of 390 m.</p> <p>Data were collected using a Tromino® model ENGY digital tromograph (Micromed, 2011). This is an ultralight all-in-one device, using a compact 3-directional, 24-bit digital seismometer developed by MoHo s.r.l. (1 dm<sup>3</sup> volume and 1 kg weight), including both sensors and the data acquisition system, and works at frequencies down to 0.3 Hz. This seismograph is equipped with three orthogonal electrodynamic sensors (velocimeters), powered by two 1.5 V AA batteries. It includes an internal Global Positioning System (GPS) antenna and does not have any external cables.</p> <p>For all the measurements, the seismometer’s axis referred to as N-S was aligned to N15W direction, i.e., the strike of the western edge of the Tinguatón volcano, the area’s main topographic feature. Good ground coupling on scoria deposits or highly weathered basalt was obtained by using three, 6 cm-long metal spikes screwed into the base of the unit. The seismometer was levelled. Each seismic noise acquisition involved a 16-minute trace length with a 1024 Hz sampling rate, in accordance with the recommendations from SESAME Project (Bard et al., 2004).</p> <p>Four MASW (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) active seismic surveys (A3_5, A7, A8_10, A18_19) were undertaken along the two profiles (Fig. 1c) to acquire the shear wave velocity of the shallow layer which was later to be used to constrain the H/V inversion. These surveys were carried out using the same equipment, along with a wireless trigger by MoHo s.r.l., and a heavy metal plate struck with a 5 kg hammer for the generation of compressional waves. A redundancy test, which involved ground energization by an ESA astronaut (Matthias Maurer) jumping up and down, was also performed (Fig. 1c). This test tried to mimic deployment and testing during possible future planetary missions. However, this test did not provide satisfactory results in term of signal clarity. The seismometer was kept fixed on the ground while shot points were moved at increasing distances involving a 5 m minimum offset and 1 m spacing for the first 11 shots and 5 m spacing for subsequent shots for total profile lengths ranging between 50 m and 100 m (Fig. 1c). Each MASW acquisition involved a 3 s trace window with a 512 Hz sampling rate.</p> <p>The data are presented in ASCII format files. The recordings of each channel were saved all together in the same file. Information about each file was printed on the header of the same file.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p> <p>The authors are grateful to ESA and all PANGAEA-X 2018 staff, particularly Loredana Bessone and Matthias Maurer for their participation in data collection during some of the experiments and to the MilesBeyond Team, particularly Francesco Maria Sauro for his logistical support. We also thank MoHo s.r.l., particularly Jeremy Magnon, for providing instrumental support.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Bessone, L., et al., 2018, Testing technologies and operational concepts for field geology exploration of the</p> <p> Moon and beyond: the ESA PANGAEA-X campaign, Geophysical Research Abstract, #EGU2018-4013.</p> <p>Micromed, 2011. Dati tecnici Tromino e download pacchetto software Grilla. Available online from the</p> <p> website <a href="http://www.tromino.it/">http://www.tromino.it</a>.</p> <p>Bard, P., Duval, A., Koehler, A., Rao, S., 2004, Guidelines for the Implementation of the H/V Spectral Ratio</p> <p> Technique on Ambient Vibrations Measurements, Processing and Interpretation. SESAME H/V User Guidelines., pp. 1–62. Available online: <a href="http://sesame.geopsy.org/SES_Reports.htm">http://sesame.geopsy.org/SES_Reports.htm</a>.</p> <p>Rossi, A.P., et al., 2019, Morphometry and trafficability of planetary analogue terrains based on very high</p> <p> resolution remote sensing imagery, Geophysical Research Abstract, #EGU2019-17614.</p>
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