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32 results for “Eurytemora”
Adaptation potential of the copepod Eurytemora affinis to a future warmer Baltic Sea
<p>To predict effects of global change on zooplankton populations, it is important to understand how present species adapt to temperature and how they respond to stressors interacting with temperature. Here we ask if the calanoid copepod <i>Eurytemora affinis</i> from the Baltic Sea can adapt to future climate warming. Populations were sampled at sites with different temperatures. Full sibling families were reared in the lab and used in two common garden experiments (1) populations crossed over 3 temperature treatments 12, 17 and 22.5°C and (2) populations crossed over temperature in interaction with salinity and algae of different food quality.<br> Genetic correlations of the full siblings' development time were not different from zero between 12°C and the two higher temperatures 17 °C and 22.5°C, but positively correlated between 17 °C and 22.5°C. Hence, a population at 12 °C is unlikely to adapt to warmer temperature, while a population at ≥ 17 °C can adapt to an even higher temperature, i.e. 22.5 °C. In agreement with the genetic correlations, the population from the warmest site of origin had comparably shorter development time at high temperature than the populations from colder sites, that is, a co-gradient variation. The population with the shortest development time at 22.5°C had in comparison lower survival on low quality food, illustrating a cost of short development time. Our results suggest that populations from warmer environments can at present indirectly adapt to a future warmer Baltic Sea, whereas populations from colder areas show reduced adaptation potential to high temperatures, simply because they experience an environment that is too cold.</p>
Data from: Adaptation potential of the copepod Eurytemora affinis to a future warmer Baltic Sea
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Data from: Evolutionary responses to crude oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill by the copepod Eurytemora affinis
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Data from: Testing for beneficial reversal of dominance during salinity shifts in the invasive copepod Eurytemora affinis, and implications for the maintenance of genetic variation
Maintenance of genetic variation at loci under selection has profound implications for adaptation under environmental change. In temporally and spatially varying habitats, non-neutral polymorphism could be maintained by heterozygote advantage across environments (marginal overdominance), which could be greatly increased by beneficial reversal of dominance across conditions. We tested for reversal of dominance and marginal overdominance in salinity tolerance in the salt-to-freshwater invading copepod Eurytemora affinis. We compared survival of F1 offspring generated by crossing saline and freshwater inbred lines (between-salinity F1 crosses) relative to within-salinity F1 crosses, across three salinities. We found evidence for both beneficial reversal of dominance and marginal overdominance in salinity tolerance. In support of reversal of dominance, survival of between-salinity F1 crosses was not different from that of freshwater F1 crosses under freshwater conditions and saltwater F1 crosses under saltwater conditions. In support of marginal overdominance, between-salinity F1 crosses exhibited significantly higher survival across salinities relative to both freshwater and saltwater F1 crosses. Our study provides a rare empirical example of complete beneficial reversal of dominance associated with environmental change. This mechanism might be crucial for maintaining genetic variation in salinity tolerance in E. affinis populations, allowing rapid adaptation to salinity changes during habitat invasions.
FIGURE 10 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 10. Morphological indexes in Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880) from the type locality and E. carolleeae sp.nov. from the Chesapeake Bay, USA and St. Lawrence Bay, Canada. Males: IndexP4, distal spine/segment length ration in EXP P4; IndexP5, L/W ratio in BAS P5 left. For more explanation see text.
FIGURE 6 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 6. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov., male, ZIN 55051 (paratype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, leg 5, anterior view; C, maxillula, anterior view; D, maxilliped, anterior view; E, maxilla, anterior view. Scale bar: A, 325 µm; B, 250 µm; C– E, 125 µm.
FIGURE 7 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 7. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov., male, ZIN 55051 (paratype): A, swimming leg 1, anterior view; B, swimming leg 2, anterior view; C, swimming leg 3, anterior view; D, swimming leg 4, anterior view. Scale bar: 100 µm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 2. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov., female, ZIN 55050 (holotype): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, urosome, ventral view; C, genital double-somite with P5, ventral view. Scale bar: A, B, 300 µm; C, 150 µm.
FIGURE 3 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 3. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov. A, male antennula; B, female left antennula; C, male gnathobasis of mandible; D, female mandible with palp. Arrows indicate separate processor on gnathobasis. Scale bar: A, B, 125µm; C, D, 62.5 µm.
FIGURE 9 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 9. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov. (A–D) and E. affinis (Poppe, 1880) (E–F): A, female mandible, arrow indicating a gap; B, male mandible, arrow indicating a gap; C, female genital somite with wing-like outgrowth; D, male leg 5 with arrow indicating left basipod; F, female genital somite without wing-like outgrowth; F, male P5, arrow indicating left basipod. (Photo: Mrs Natalia Sukhikh)
FIGURE 1 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 1. Sampling map of Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov. in North America (A) and Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880) in Europe (B).
FIGURE 5 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 5. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov., female, ZIN 55050 (holotype): A, left swimming leg 1, anterior view; B, swimming legs 2, anterior view; C, swimming legs 3, anterior view; D, swimming leg 4, anterior view. Scale bar: 100 µm. Arrow indicating seta segmentation.
FIGURE 8 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 8. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov. (A) and E. affinis (Poppe, 1880) (B) from the Luga Bay, The Finish Gulf, Baltic Sea. (Photo: Mrs Natalia Sukhikh)
FIGURE 4 in A new species within the Eurytemora affinis complex (Copepoda: Calanoida) from the Atlantic Coast of USA, with observations on eight morphologically different European populations
FIGURE 4. Eurytemora carolleeae sp. nov., female, ZIN 55050 (holotype): A, antenna; B, maxillula, ventral view; C, maxilla; D, maxilliped. Scale bar: 50 µm. Arrow indicating seta segmentation.
Figure 1 in Invasion of Eurytemora sibling species (Copepoda: Temoridae) from north America into the Baltic Sea and European Atlantic coast estuaries
Figure 1. Locations of the studied populations of E. affinis and E. carolleeae. Place names are listed in Table 1.
Figure 5 in Invasion of Eurytemora sibling species (Copepoda: Temoridae) from north America into the Baltic Sea and European Atlantic coast estuaries
Figure 5. Distribution of Eurytemora affinis and Eurytemora carolleeae individuals calculated on the base of indices: ind.1, ind.2, ind.3 (see text) (A) for females and (B) for males. Eurytemora affinis from the Gulf of Finland (open squares), from the Gulf of Riga (open triangles) and from the Vistula lagoon (open circles). E. carolleeae from the Gulf of Finland (filled square) and from the Gulf of Riga (filled triangles).
Figure 4 in Invasion of Eurytemora sibling species (Copepoda: Temoridae) from north America into the Baltic Sea and European Atlantic coast estuaries
Figure 4. Chosen morphological characters for analysis of Eurytemora carolleeae (A–C) and Eurytemora affinis (D–F): length and width of furcal branches (A, D), parts of male P5 swimming legs proportions (C, F), female genital segment (B, E).
Figure 3 in Invasion of Eurytemora sibling species (Copepoda: Temoridae) from north America into the Baltic Sea and European Atlantic coast estuaries
Figure 3. Common view of terra tipica Eurytemora carolleeae and Eurytemora affinis (A) E. carolleeae male and (B) E. carolleeae female from Chesapeake Bay; (C) E. affinis male and (D) E. affinis female from the Elbe River.
Data from: Assessing the in situ fertilization status of two marine copepod species, Temora longicornis and Eurytemora herdmani; how common are unfertilized eggs in nature?
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Data from: Testing for beneficial reversal of dominance during salinity shifts in the invasive copepod Eurytemora affinis, and implications for the maintenance of genetic variation
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